辣椒种质尖孢炭疽菌抗性鉴定与评价

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2021-0222

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

一年生辣椒中极度缺乏抗尖孢炭疽菌（Colletotrichum acutatum）的育种材料,亟需开展抗炭疽病辣椒资源的发掘。采用室内果实离体接种结合田间病圃,对74份引自美国、西班牙等的辣椒种质进行了对尖孢炭疽菌的抗性鉴定。结果表明:40008和30163经室内针刺接种后的发病率分别为4.37%和1.08%,病圃鉴定的病情指数为5.49和9.07,表现为高抗;11242和PI201234室内针刺接种后的发病率为8.63%和9.86%,病圃鉴定的病情指数为18.93和22.34,表现为抗病;10022和10062等17份种质表现为中抗;其余50份种质表现为感病。40008和30163均属晚熟类型,果实小,单株结果数少,可通过回交转育、花药培养及分子生物学技术改良后利用。这2份高抗种质的挖掘,可为抗炭疽病新品种的选育、QTL定位及分子标记的开发等奠定材料基础。

关键词: 辣椒, 种质资源, 尖孢炭疽菌, 抗性鉴定

Abstract:

Due to the extreme lack of breeding materials resistant to Colletotrichum acutatum in pepper,it is urgent to import and explore the excellent germplasm resources resistant to anthracnose. In this study,the resistance of 74 imported pepper germplasms from the United States and Spain to anthracnose were identified by in vitro inoculation and field trials. The results showed that 40008 and 30163 had better resistance to anthracnose with the incidence of 4.37% and 1.08% by in vitro inoculation method,and the disease indexes of field trails were 5.49 and 9.07,respectively. 11242 and PI201234 had anthracnose resistance with the incidence of 8.63% and 9.86%,and the disease indexes of field trails was 18.93 and 22.34,respectively. Seventeen germplasms such as 10022 and 10062 showed moderate resistance. The remaining 50 materials were susceptible to anthracnose. Both 40008 and 30163 are late-ripening with small fruit and less fruit set percentage,so it needs to be utilized through the improvement of backcross,anther culture and the molecular biology technology. The results will lay a foundation for the breeding of new anthracnose resistant varieties,QTL mapping and molecular marker development.

Key words: pepper, germplasm resources, Colletotrichum acutatum, resistance identification

中图分类号:

S641.3

张世才, 李怡斐, 王春萍, 杨小苗, 黄启中, 黄任中. 辣椒种质尖孢炭疽菌抗性鉴定与评价[J]. 园艺学报, 2022, 49(4): 885-892.

ZHANG Shicai, LI Yifei, WANG Chunping, YANG Xiaomiao, HUANG Qizhong, HUANG Renzhong. Resistance Identification and Evaluation of Pepper Germplasm to Colletotrichum acutatum[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2022, 49(4): 885-892.

图/表 5

参考文献 23

[1]	Fang Zhong-da. 1998. Research methods of plant diseases. 3ed. Beijing: China Agriculture Press. (in Chinese)
[2]	方中达. 1998. 植病研究方法. 3版北京: 中国农业出版社.
[3]	Kim S H, Yoon J B, Do J W, Park H G. 2008. A major recessive gene associated with anthracnose resistance to Colletotrichum capsici in chili pepper(Capsicum annuum L.). Breeding Science, 58 (2):137-141. doi: 10.1270/jsbbs.58.137 URL
[4]	Lin Qing, Lü Zhong-hua, Huang Ren-zhong, Huang Qi-zhong, Shi Si-ru, Lei Lei. 2006. Study on screening method for resistance to pepper anthracnose. Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 19 (6):1071-1073. (in Chinese)
	林清, 吕中华, 黄任中, 黄启中, 史思茹, 雷蕾. 2006. 辣椒炭疽病抗性鉴定方法研究. 西南农业学报, 19 (6):1071-1073.
[5]	Lin S W, Gniffke P A, Wang T C. 2007. Inheritance of resistance to pepper anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum acutatum. Acta Hort(ISHS), 760:329-334.
[6]	Liu Jian-ping, Jin Jing, Jiang Guo-yong, Chen Shu-hua, Xu Ming-zhen. 2006. Screening of resistance for the varieties of dry pepper against anthracnose disease. Journal of Laiyang Agricultural College:Natural Science, 23 (4):297-299. (in Chinese)
	刘建萍, 金静, 姜国勇, 陈树华, 徐明振. 2006. 抗炭疽病干制辣椒资源筛选. 莱阳农学院学报(自然科学版), 23 (4):297-299.
[7]	Liu Yi-wei, Zhang Zheng-hai, Cao Ya-cong, Zhao Hong, Wang Li-hao, Zhang Bao-xi. 2016. Mapping of major QTLs resistant to anthracnose(Colletotrichum acutatum)in pepper(Capsicum spp.)and marker development. China Vegetables,(11):20-24. (in Chinese)
	刘议蔚, 张正海, 曹亚从, 赵红, 王立浩, 张宝玺. 2016. 辣椒抗炭疽病主效基因的定位及标记开发. 中国蔬菜,(11):20-24.
[8]	Ma Rong-qun, Huang Yue, Song Zheng-xu, Li Mei, Yue Wen-hui. 2008. Screening on the resistance resources of capsicum anthracnose. Northern Horticulture,(9):186-187. (in Chinese)
	马荣群, 黄粤, 宋正旭, 李梅, 岳文辉. 2008. 辣椒炭疽病抗性资源筛选. 北方园艺,(9):186-187.
[9]	Mahasuk P, Struss D, Mongkolporn O. 2016. QTLs for resistance to anthracnose identified in two Capsicum sources. Molecular Breeding, 36:10. doi: 10.1007/s11032-016-0435-5 URL
[10]	Mahasuk P, Taylor P W J, Mongkolporn O. 2009. Identification of two new genes conferring resistance to Colletotrichum acutatum in Capsicum baccatum. Phytopathology, 99 (9):1100-1104. doi: 10.1094/PHYTO-99-9-1100 pmid: 19671013
[11]	Montri P, Taylor P W J, Mongkolporn O. 2009. Pathotypes of Colletotrichum capsici,the causal agent of chili anthracnose,in Thailand. Plant Disease, 93:17-20. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-93-1-0017 pmid: 30764264
[12]	Park H G. 2007. Problems of anthracnose in pepper and prospects for its management//Oh D G,Kim K T. Abstracts of the first international symposium on chili anthracnose. Korea: Horticultural Technology Press.
[13]	Peres N A, Timmer L W, Adaskaveg J E, Correll J C. 2005. Lifestyles of Colletotrichum acutatum. Plant Disease, 89 (8):784-796. doi: 10.1094/PD-89-0784 pmid: 30786507
[14]	Shen Shunshan, Zhang Tao, Wang Juan, Liu Dongping, Zhang Shanshan, Sun Zhiqiang, Piao Fengzhi. 2019. Antifungal activity of Paenibacillus polymyxa HK18- 8 against pepper anthracnose and its colonization ability. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 46 (3):499-507. (in Chinese)
	申顺善, 张涛, 王娟, 刘东平, 张珊珊, 孙治强, 朴凤植. 2019. 多粘类芽孢杆菌HK18-8对辣椒炭疽病菌的抑制作用及其定殖能力. 园艺学报, 46 (3):499-507.
[15]	Sun Chun-ying, Mao Sheng-li, Zhang Zheng-hai, Wang Li-hao, Zhang Bao-xi. 2013. Progress on genetics and breeding of resistance to anthracnose(Colletotrichum spp.)in pepper. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 40 (3):579-590. (in Chinese)
	孙春英, 毛胜利, 张正海, 王立浩, 张宝玺. 2013. 辣椒抗炭疽病遗传与育种研究进展. 园艺学报, 40 (3):579-590.
[16]	Than P P, Prihastuti H, Phoulivong S, Taylor P W J, Hyde K D. 2008. Chilli anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum species. Journal of Zhejiang University Science B, 9 (10):764-778. doi: 10.1631/jzus.B0860007 URL
[17]	Wu Qing-li, Qin Gang. 2013. Screening on the resistance resources of capsicum anthracnose. Hubei Agricultural Sciences, 52 (5):1084-1089. (in Chinese)
	吴庆丽, 秦刚. 2013. 辣椒炭疽病抗性资源筛选. 湖北农业科学, 52 (5):1084-1089.
[18]	Xia Hua, Zhu Hong-jian, Zhou Qian, Gao Bi-da. 2012. Pathogen identification of a new anthracnose of pepper in Zhijiang,Hunan. Acta Phytopathologica Sinica, 42 (2):120-125. (in Chinese)
	夏花, 朱宏建, 周倩, 高必达. 2012. 湖南芷江辣椒上一种新炭疽病的病原鉴定. 植物病理学报, 42 (2):120-125.
[19]	Yoon J B, Do J W, Kim S H, Park H G. 2009. Inheritance of anthracnose(Colletotrichum acutatum)resistance in Capsicum using interspecific hybridization. Korean Journal of Horticultural Science & Technology, 27 (1):140-144.
[20]	Yoon J B, Yang D C, Lee W P, Ahn S Y, Park H G. 2004. Genetic resources resistant to anthracnose in the genus Capsicum. J Korean SocHortic Sci, 45:318-323.
[21]	Zhao Yuan-yuan, Liu Yi-wei, Zhang Zheng-hai, Cao Ya-cong, Yu Hai-long, Zhang Bao-xi, Gao Jie, Wang Li-hao. 2019. Development of KASPar marker closely linked to the major gene resistant to Colletotrichum acutatum in pepper. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 56 (6):1104-1111. (in Chinese)
	赵园园, 刘议蔚, 张正海, 曹亚从, 于海龙, 张宝玺, 高杰, 王立浩. 2019. 辣椒炭疽病基因紧密连锁的KASPar标记的开发. 新疆农业科学, 56(6):1104-1111.
[22]	Zhi Ya-nan, Chen Li-jun, Wang Guo-jun. 2014. Control effect of seven fungicides on pepper anthracnose. Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences,(6):889-890. (in Chinese)
	智亚楠, 陈利军, 王国军. 2014. 几种杀菌剂对辣椒炭疽病的防治效果. 浙江农业科学,(6):889-890.
[23]	Zhou Qing, Li Bao-tong, Tang Li-mei. 2014. A study on fungicidal activity of allicin against Colletotrichum capsici and Phytophthora capsici in the laboratory and its efficacy in the field. Acta Pratacul Turae Sinica, 23 (3):262-268. (in Chinese)
	周清, 李保同, 汤丽梅. 2014. 大蒜素对辣椒炭疽病和辣椒疫病病菌的室内抑制活性测定及田间防效研究. 草业科学, 23 (3):262-268.

来源 Origin	分类 Species	材料 Resources	发病率% Incidence rate	抗性评价 Resistance type	来源 Origin	分类 Species	材料 Resources	发病率% Incidence rate	抗性评价 Resistance type
NMSU	C. annuum	10008	41.67	S	NMSU	C.annuum	0750358	51.27	S
		10012	48.18	S			10103	16.13	MR
		10021	47.06	S			CMSB	30.77	S
		10022	21.25	MR			CMSA	76.92	S
		10043	80.95	S		C.chinense	30097	36.48	S
		10049	66.17	S			30164	21.37	MR
		10056	77.50	S			30250	52.16	S
		10059	63.33	S			30107	51.07	S
		10062	29.71	MR			30149	38.26	S
		10064	46.76	S			30180	10.00	R
		10094	40.00	S			30214	64.35	S
		10164	27.78	MR			30163	1.08	HR
		10165	21.88	MR		C.frutescens	40008	4.37	R
		10188	54.17	S			40009	18.75	MR
		10488	9.91	R			40024	39.52	S
		10549	27.66	MR		C.pubescens	80029	28.17	MR
		10724	53.11	S			80052	31.06	S
		10816	38.23	S	Spain	C.annuum	BGV005087	31.08	S
		10817	18.18	MR			BGV005097	46.52	S
来源 Origin	分类 Species	材料 Resources	发病率% Incidence rate	抗性评价 Resistance type	来源 Origin	分类 Species	材料 Resources	发病率% Incidence rate	抗性评价 Resistance type
NMSU	C. annuum	11069	67.15	S	Spain	C.annuum	BGV005115	48.30	S
		11242	8.63	R			BGV005125	54.13	S
		11276	38.44	S			BGC014141	25.64	MR
		11277	32.36	S			BGV014145	68.07	S
		11303	54.20	S			BGV016188	52.33	S
		11310	35.37	S			BGV005085	72.36	S
		11313	71.43	S			BGV005040	28.25	MR
		11178	52.33	S			BGV005034	49.36	S
		0750488	67.20	S	World Veg	C.annuum	PPTC26	9.34	R
		0750475	35.60	S			PBC271	47.21	S
		0750363	75.00	S			PPTC54	26.78	MR
		0750479	47.64	S			PBC137	18.49	MR
		0750139	78.43	S			PBC602	24.50	MR
		0740001	53.14	S			PI201234	9.86	R
		0750060	16.67	MR			Early calwonder	76.24	S
		0750476	35.72	S		C.baccacum	PBC880	57.43	S
		50057	44.38	S	CGN	C.annuum	CGN16922	31.64	S
		0750549	47.52	S			CGN21534	28.37	MR

来源 Origin	分类 Species	材料 Resources	发病率% Incidence rate	抗性评价 Resistance type	来源 Origin	分类 Species	材料 Resources	发病率% Incidence rate	抗性评价 Resistance type
NMSU	C. annuum	10008	41.67	S	NMSU	C.annuum	0750358	51.27	S
		10012	48.18	S			10103	16.13	MR
		10021	47.06	S			CMSB	30.77	S
		10022	21.25	MR			CMSA	76.92	S
		10043	80.95	S		C.chinense	30097	36.48	S
		10049	66.17	S			30164	21.37	MR
		10056	77.50	S			30250	52.16	S
		10059	63.33	S			30107	51.07	S
		10062	29.71	MR			30149	38.26	S
		10064	46.76	S			30180	10.00	R
		10094	40.00	S			30214	64.35	S
		10164	27.78	MR			30163	1.08	HR
		10165	21.88	MR		C.frutescens	40008	4.37	R
		10188	54.17	S			40009	18.75	MR
		10488	9.91	R			40024	39.52	S
		10549	27.66	MR		C.pubescens	80029	28.17	MR
		10724	53.11	S			80052	31.06	S
		10816	38.23	S	Spain	C.annuum	BGV005087	31.08	S
		10817	18.18	MR			BGV005097	46.52	S
来源 Origin	分类 Species	材料 Resources	发病率% Incidence rate	抗性评价 Resistance type	来源 Origin	分类 Species	材料 Resources	发病率% Incidence rate	抗性评价 Resistance type
NMSU	C. annuum	11069	67.15	S	Spain	C.annuum	BGV005115	48.30	S
		11242	8.63	R			BGV005125	54.13	S
		11276	38.44	S			BGC014141	25.64	MR
		11277	32.36	S			BGV014145	68.07	S
		11303	54.20	S			BGV016188	52.33	S
		11310	35.37	S			BGV005085	72.36	S
		11313	71.43	S			BGV005040	28.25	MR
		11178	52.33	S			BGV005034	49.36	S
		0750488	67.20	S	World Veg	C.annuum	PPTC26	9.34	R
		0750475	35.60	S			PBC271	47.21	S
		0750363	75.00	S			PPTC54	26.78	MR
		0750479	47.64	S			PBC137	18.49	MR
		0750139	78.43	S			PBC602	24.50	MR
		0740001	53.14	S			PI201234	9.86	R
		0750060	16.67	MR			Early calwonder	76.24	S
		0750476	35.72	S		C.baccacum	PBC880	57.43	S
		50057	44.38	S	CGN	C.annuum	CGN16922	31.64	S
		0750549	47.52	S			CGN21534	28.37	MR

材料 Resources	病情指数 Disease index		平均病情指数 Average disease index	抗性评价 Resistance type
材料 Resources	三河镇红明村 Hongming Village, Sanhe Town	临溪镇前进村 Qianjin Village, Linxi Town	平均病情指数 Average disease index	抗性评价 Resistance type
30163	8.43 a	9.70 a	9.07 a	HR
40008	4.64 a	6.36 a	5.49 a	HR
30180	37.21 c	44.68 b	40.95 c	MR
11242	16.34 b	21.51 c	18.93 b	R
10488	52.90 d	42.67 b	47.79 d	MR
PPTC26	35.87 c	41.24 b	38.56 c	MR
PI201234	18.74 b	25.93 c	22.34 b	R
石辣1号（对照 Control）	67.56 e	71.39 d	69.48 e	S

材料 Resources	病情指数 Disease index		平均病情指数 Average disease index	抗性评价 Resistance type
材料 Resources	三河镇红明村 Hongming Village, Sanhe Town	临溪镇前进村 Qianjin Village, Linxi Town	平均病情指数 Average disease index	抗性评价 Resistance type
30163	8.43 a	9.70 a	9.07 a	HR
40008	4.64 a	6.36 a	5.49 a	HR
30180	37.21 c	44.68 b	40.95 c	MR
11242	16.34 b	21.51 c	18.93 b	R
10488	52.90 d	42.67 b	47.79 d	MR
PPTC26	35.87 c	41.24 b	38.56 c	MR
PI201234	18.74 b	25.93 c	22.34 b	R
石辣1号（对照 Control）	67.56 e	71.39 d	69.48 e	S

材料 Resource	株高/cm Plant height	冠幅/cm Crown size	始花节位 First flower node	果实方向 Fruiting direction	单株果数 Number of fruits per plant	果形 Fruit shape	果色 Fruit colour
10488	66.7	72.0	13.0	上 Up	52.2	小米椒Pod pepper	大红 Red
11242	72.0	53.1	9.0	上 Up	49.6	小米椒Pod pepper	大红Red
30180	76.7	63.7	16.0	下Down	33.3	灯笼椒Lantern pepper	橘红Orange red
40008	115.0	62.7	22.0	上Up	43.7	小羊角Small sheep-horn pepper	橘红Orange red
30163	126.4	78.4	20.0	下Down	18.4	小灯笼Lantern pepper	黄绿色Chartreuse
PPTC26	94.1	79.2	8.0	下Down	17.0	羊角Sheep-horn pepper	大红Red
PI201234	100.7	97.5	12.3	下Down	54.6	羊角Sheep-horn pepper	大红Red
材料 Resource	果尖形状 Fruit pointed shape		纵径/cm Length	横径/cm Diameter	单果质量/g Single fruit weight	备注 Note
10488	钝尖Obtuse		2.0	0.5	1.2	高辣、抗疫病 High capsaicin;resistance to phytophthora blight
11242	钝尖Obtuse		5.6	2.6	14.6	耐低温、抗疫病Low temperature tolerance; resistance to phytophthora blight
30180	3突Three bulges		5.5	3.1	6.8	高辣High capsaicin
40008	钝尖Obtuse		3.1	1.6	3.7	高辣High capsaicin
30163	3突Three bulges		4.9	3.5	10.5	/
PPTC26	钝尖Obtuse		11.1	2.0	15.0	/
PI201234	钝尖Obtuse		12.6	1.4	12.7	抗疫病Resistance to phytophthora blight