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园艺学报 ›› 2008, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (8): 1093-1100.

• 果树 •    下一篇

平邑甜茶×扎矮山定子杂交后代的胚胎发育特征研究

王 颖;商月惠;王玉霞;魏鑫;董文轩*   

  1. (沈阳农业大学园艺学院, 辽宁沈阳, 110161)
  • 收稿日期:2008-01-11 修回日期:2008-07-01 出版日期:2008-08-25 发布日期:2008-08-25
  • 通讯作者: 董文轩

Characteristics about Embryo Development of the Hybridized Offspring from Pingyi Tiancha〔Malus hupehensis (Pamp.) Rehd. var. pingyiensis Jiang〕 and Zhaai Shandingzi〔Malus baccata ( L.) Borkh.〕

WANG Ying, SHANG Yue-hui, WANG Yu-xia,WEI Xin,and DONG Wen-xuan*
  

  1. (College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110161,China)
  • Received:2008-01-11 Revised:2008-07-01 Online:2008-08-25 Published:2008-08-25
  • Contact: DONG Wen-xuan

摘要: 利用激光扫描共聚焦显微镜(LSCM)和石蜡切片技术对平邑甜茶与扎矮山定子杂交获得的6个皱叶矮生型株系的胚胎发育过程及发育特性进行了观察与研究。结果表明:各皱叶矮生型株系在胚胎发育过程中表现出的特征大体相同,能进行正常的减数分裂并由功能性大孢子形成的有性胚囊表现出良好的发育趋势;在开花当天至花后2 d,各株系的胚囊中均出现了精核或花粉内容物,观察到了部分株系的受精卵;在花后10 d左右原胚形成。另外,在胚囊发育的特定时期,胚囊内细胞核的分布方式各株系间略有差异;在部分株系中观察到了少数多胚囊现象。综合而言,皱叶矮生型株系的胚胎发育特征是以有性生殖为主要的生殖方式,与亲本扎矮山定子的胚胎发育特征较为一致;而与亲本平邑甜茶不同,未出现平邑甜茶胚胎发育中的复杂现象并表现出较低的无融合生殖能力。

关键词: 苹果属, 平邑甜茶, 扎矮山定子, 皱叶矮生株系, 胚胎发育

Abstract: By the help of laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM) and paraffin-section method, six leaf-wrinkled and dwarf plants from the hybridization of Pingyi Tiancha 〔Malus hupehensis (Pamp.) Rehd. var. pingyiensis Jiang〕 and Zhaai Shandingzi〔M. baccata ( L.) Borkh.〕 were selected as the experimental materials to make the overall observation and systematic investigation about their embryogenesis development and characteristics, and the parents were used as the contrast. The results indicated that the six leaf-wrinkled and dwarf plants could carry on the normal process of the meiosis and form the functional megaspores from which the sexual embryo sacs derived. From the full blooming day to 2 days later, the sperm cells or the pollen inclusion emerged and the fertilized eggs were partially observed in the embryo sacs of the six leaf-wrinkled and dwarf plants. The proembryos formed about 10 days after the full blooming day. There were some differences about the distributing way of the nucleolus in the specific time during the development of the sacs, and few poly-embryo sacs were observed in some of the leaf-wrinkled and dwarf plants. So, the embryogenesis characteristics of the leaf-wrinkled plants were basically consistent with Zhaai Shandingzi whose characteristics of the sexual reproduction are distinct; and compared with Pingyi Tiancha, they did not have the complex phenomena during the process of the embryogenesis. General speaking, the sexual reproduction was the main reproductive mode of the leaf-wrinkled and dwarf plants which had the low level ability of apomixis.

Key words: Malus, Pingyi Tiancha, Zhaai Shandingzi, The leaf-wrinkled and dwarf plant, Embryogenesis

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