接种摩西斗管囊霉（Funneliformis mosseae）对生物炭沙培辣椒生长及根际微环境的影响

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2025-1284

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 探究不同剂量丛枝菌根（arbuscular mycorrhizal，AM）真菌——摩西斗管囊霉（Funneliformis mosseae）施用对沙培辣椒生长、根际微环境的影响，确定菌剂最佳施用量，为改良新疆戈壁沙漠设施蔬菜沙培基质及沙化土壤中的应用提供依据。以辣椒‘绿旋风'为试验材料，采用盆栽沙培（添加3%生物炭），设置不接种（对照）及4个F. mosseae菌剂接种剂量水平（2、4、6和8 g · kg^-1），测定不同处理对沙培辣椒生长和产量、光合生理、根际基质养分及微生物群落组成的影响。结果表明，不同接种剂量的菌剂对沙培辣椒均具有不同程度的促生作用，其中6 g · kg^-1效果最佳。该处理显著提高了根系侵染率、地上部与地下部干质量，根系吸收面积和根系活力；也显著提高了辣椒叶片叶绿素含量、光化学反应效率及光能利用率，净光合速率（P_n）和产量较对照分别显著增加29.53%和12.80%。此外，6 g · kg^-1处理显著上调基质关键酶（脲酶、磷酸酶、脱氢酶和纤维二糖酶）活性，增加放线菌门（Actinomycetota）、拟杆菌门（Bacteroidota）、球囊菌门（Glomeromycota）和子囊菌门（Ascomycota）等有益微生物群落丰度，促进碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾养分含量提升。综上，6 g · kg^-1 F. mosseae菌剂是促进生物炭沙培辣椒生长、增产及优化根际微环境的最适接种剂量，其通过提升菌根共生能力、提高根系吸收能力和叶片光合性能、优化根际养分和微生态环境，从而促进沙培辣椒生长。

关键词: 辣椒, 沙培, 摩西斗管囊霉, 接种剂量, 根际微生态, 生长

Abstract:

This study investigated the effects of different inoculation doses of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Funneliformis mosseae on the growth and rhizosphere microenvironment of pepper in biochar-amended sandy soils. The objectives were to determine the optimal inoculation dose of F. mosseae and provide a theoretical and technical basis for improving sand culture substrates and desertified soils for protected-vegetable cultivation in the Gobi Desert of Xinjiang. Pepper（Capsicum annuum‘Lü Xuanfeng'） was used as the experimental plant，and the substrate supplemented with 3%（w/w）rice-husk biochar. The experiment included a non-inoculated control and four F. mosseae doses of 2，4，6，and 8 g · kg^-1 of substrate. The growth parameters，photosynthetic traits and yield of pepper plant，physicochemical properties of the substrate，activities of key enzymes，and rhizosphere microbial community compositions were determined. The results showed that the different inoculation dose of F. mosseae has varying degrees of promoting effects on the growth andyield of sand-cultivated pepper，with 6 g · kg^-1 showing the best application effect. The treatment significantly increased the rate of root colonization，shoot and root dry weights，root morphology and activity. Furthermore，the photosynthetic efficiency and chlorophyll contents of pepper after 6 g · kg^-1 treatment was significantly enhanced. Net photosynthetic rate（P_n）and yield significantly increased by 29.53% and 12.80%，respectively compared with the control. In addition，Analysis of the microbial communities in the rhizosphere soil showed that 6 g · kg^-1 treatment enhanced the relative abundance of beneficial microbial taxa，including Actinomycota，Bacteroidota，Glomeromycota，and Ascomycota，and significantly elevated the contents of available nitrogen，available phosphorus，and available potassium. In conclusion，6 g · kg^-1 was identified as the optimal F. mosseae inoculation dose for promoting pepper growth，increasing fruit yield，and optimizing the rhizosphere microenvironment in biochar-amended sandy soils. The positive effects were attributed primarily to enhanced mycorrhizal symbiosis，improved nutrient uptake by the roots，and increased photosynthesis in the leaves，as well as optimization of nutrient availability in the substrate and microbial community compositions in the rhizosphere soil.

Key words: pepper, sand-cultivated, Funneliformis mosseae, inoculation dose, rhizosphere microecology, growth

杨玉琪, 魏雨欣, 李雪珍, 柯溪溪, 黄婷婷, 刘慧英. 接种摩西斗管囊霉（Funneliformis mosseae）对生物炭沙培辣椒生长及根际微环境的影响[J]. 园艺学报, 2026, 53(4): 1073-1087.

YANG Yuqi, WEI Yuxin, LI Xuezhen, KE Xixi, HUANG Tingting, LIU Huiying. Effects of Funneliformis mosseae Inoculation on the Growth and Rhizosphere Microenvironment of Sand-Cultivated Pepper Amended with Biochar[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2026, 53(4): 1073-1087.

图/表 12

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时间/d Time	接种量/（g · kg^-1） Inoculum doses	株高/cm Height	茎粗/mm Stem diameter	鲜质量/g Fresh weight		干质量/g Dry weight
时间/d Time	接种量/（g · kg^-1） Inoculum doses	株高/cm Height	茎粗/mm Stem diameter	地上部Shoot	地下部Root	地上部Shoot	地下部Root
50	对照Control	14.23 ± 0.41 c	3.01 ± 0.31 b	8.89 ± 0.37 c	2.58 ± 0.09 c	0.27 ± 0.04 b	0.93 ± 0.13 c
	2	14.73 ± 0.39 c	4.02 ± 0.09 a	9.53 ± 0.55 bc	2.77 ± 0.13 bc	0.28 ± 0.05 b	0.95 ± 0.15 bc
	4	17.03 ± 0.56 b	4.18 ± 0.09 a	11.91 ± 1.10 ab	3.46 ± 0.26 ab	0.40 ± 0.06 ab	1.38 ± 0.19 ab
	6	19.80 ± 0.54 a	4.27 ± 0.04 a	13.18 ± 1.22 a	3.62 ± 0.28 a	0.52 ± 0.12 a	1.88 ± 0.44 a
	8	20.77 ± 0.53 a	4.21 ± 0.02 a	12.05 ± 1.02 ab	3.49 ± 0.24 a	0.46 ± 0.12 a	1.45 ± 0.40 ab
60	对照Control	19.80 ± 0.57 c	4.08 ± 0.11 c	15.79 ± 0.76 d	2.92 ± 0.14 d	1.02 ± 0.14 d	0.18 ± 0.03 c
	2	22.50 ± 0.49 b	4.29 ± 0.07 bc	17.90 ± 0.70 cd	3.30 ± 0.12 cd	1.04 ± 0.17 d	0.19 ± 0.04 c
	4	23.73 ± 0.78 b	4.49 ± 0.14 ab	18.81 ± 0.81 bc	3.47 ± 0.14 bc	1.51 ± 0.21 c	0.28 ± 0.04 b
	6	26.13 ± 0.52 a	4.73 ± 0.03 a	21.91 ± 0.70 a	4.04 ± 0.12 a	1.63 ± 0.46 a	0.38 ± 0.09 a
	8	26.07 ± 0.21 a	4.59 ± 0.08 a	21.22 ± 0.40 ab	3.92 ± 0.07 ab	1.61 ± 0.44 b	0.29 ± 0.08 b
70	对照Control	28.40 ± 0.54 c	4.99 ± 0.07 c	26.40 ± 0.79 d	4.46 ± 0.92 b	2.20 ± 0.09 d	0.38 ± 0.02 d
	2	30.20 ± 0.37 c	5.19 ± 0.02 b	28.76 ± 0.67 c	4.57 ± 0.20 b	2.36 ± 0.14 d	0.40 ± 0.03 d
	4	35.73 ± 0.74 b	5.31 ± 0.03 b	33.84 ± 0.40 b	5.39 ± 0.45 ab	2.96 ± 0.28 c	0.50 ± 0.05 c
	6	38.83 ± 0.53 a	5.79 ± 0.04 a	36.09 ± 0.50 a	6.38 ± 0.51 a	3.27 ± 0.29 a	0.55 ± 0.05 a
	8	37.46 ± 0.63 ab	5.75 ± 0.04 a	35.49 ± 0.74 ab	5.54 ± 0.32 ab	2.99 ± 0.26 b	0.51 ± 0.04 b

时间/d Time	接种量/（g · kg^-1） Inoculum doses	株高/cm Height	茎粗/mm Stem diameter	鲜质量/g Fresh weight		干质量/g Dry weight
时间/d Time	接种量/（g · kg^-1） Inoculum doses	株高/cm Height	茎粗/mm Stem diameter	地上部Shoot	地下部Root	地上部Shoot	地下部Root
50	对照Control	14.23 ± 0.41 c	3.01 ± 0.31 b	8.89 ± 0.37 c	2.58 ± 0.09 c	0.27 ± 0.04 b	0.93 ± 0.13 c
	2	14.73 ± 0.39 c	4.02 ± 0.09 a	9.53 ± 0.55 bc	2.77 ± 0.13 bc	0.28 ± 0.05 b	0.95 ± 0.15 bc
	4	17.03 ± 0.56 b	4.18 ± 0.09 a	11.91 ± 1.10 ab	3.46 ± 0.26 ab	0.40 ± 0.06 ab	1.38 ± 0.19 ab
	6	19.80 ± 0.54 a	4.27 ± 0.04 a	13.18 ± 1.22 a	3.62 ± 0.28 a	0.52 ± 0.12 a	1.88 ± 0.44 a
	8	20.77 ± 0.53 a	4.21 ± 0.02 a	12.05 ± 1.02 ab	3.49 ± 0.24 a	0.46 ± 0.12 a	1.45 ± 0.40 ab
60	对照Control	19.80 ± 0.57 c	4.08 ± 0.11 c	15.79 ± 0.76 d	2.92 ± 0.14 d	1.02 ± 0.14 d	0.18 ± 0.03 c
	2	22.50 ± 0.49 b	4.29 ± 0.07 bc	17.90 ± 0.70 cd	3.30 ± 0.12 cd	1.04 ± 0.17 d	0.19 ± 0.04 c
	4	23.73 ± 0.78 b	4.49 ± 0.14 ab	18.81 ± 0.81 bc	3.47 ± 0.14 bc	1.51 ± 0.21 c	0.28 ± 0.04 b
	6	26.13 ± 0.52 a	4.73 ± 0.03 a	21.91 ± 0.70 a	4.04 ± 0.12 a	1.63 ± 0.46 a	0.38 ± 0.09 a
	8	26.07 ± 0.21 a	4.59 ± 0.08 a	21.22 ± 0.40 ab	3.92 ± 0.07 ab	1.61 ± 0.44 b	0.29 ± 0.08 b
70	对照Control	28.40 ± 0.54 c	4.99 ± 0.07 c	26.40 ± 0.79 d	4.46 ± 0.92 b	2.20 ± 0.09 d	0.38 ± 0.02 d
	2	30.20 ± 0.37 c	5.19 ± 0.02 b	28.76 ± 0.67 c	4.57 ± 0.20 b	2.36 ± 0.14 d	0.40 ± 0.03 d
	4	35.73 ± 0.74 b	5.31 ± 0.03 b	33.84 ± 0.40 b	5.39 ± 0.45 ab	2.96 ± 0.28 c	0.50 ± 0.05 c
	6	38.83 ± 0.53 a	5.79 ± 0.04 a	36.09 ± 0.50 a	6.38 ± 0.51 a	3.27 ± 0.29 a	0.55 ± 0.05 a
	8	37.46 ± 0.63 ab	5.75 ± 0.04 a	35.49 ± 0.74 ab	5.54 ± 0.32 ab	2.99 ± 0.26 b	0.51 ± 0.04 b

时间/d Time	接种量/（g · kg^-1） Inoculum doses	总根长/cm Total root length	表面积/cm² Surface area	平均直径/mm Average diameter	根体积/cm³ Root volume	根尖数 Number of root tips
50	对照Control	1 065.98 ± 56.60 d	188.14 ± 13.39 b	0.57 ± 0.02 b	2.90 ± 0.25 d	1 107.00 ± 98.66 c
	2	1 259.81 ± 37.98 c	245.77 ± 20.14 ab	0.64 ± 0.03 ab	4.08 ± 0.23 c	1 456.67 ± 84.53 b
	4	1 361.14 ± 68.72 bc	275.58 ± 34.28 a	0.65 ± 0.03 ab	4.90 ± 0.65 bc	1 781.67 ± 56.88 a
	6	1 556.77 ± 52.16 a	307.49 ± 31.29 a	0.70 ± 0.06 a	6.61 ± 0.17 a	1 812.67 ± 39.72 a
	8	1 506.81 ± 55.32 ab	311.34 ± 25.14 a	0.69 ± 0.02 ab	5.41 ± 0.20 b	1 580.67 ± 67.06 b
60	对照Control	1 268.00 ± 26.92 c	244.85 ± 14.86 b	0.72 ± 0.02 c	4.67 ± 0.25 b	1 040.00 ± 42.09 c
	2	1 354.14 ± 70.35 bc	305.70 ± 47.98 ab	0.74 ± 0.02 c	5.52 ± 0.27 b	1 306.67 ± 44.32 bc
	4	1 441.62 ± 53.03 bc	338.51 ± 26.13 ab	0.76 ± 0.02 bc	7.16 ± 0.20 a	1 549.33 ± 43.28 ab
	6	1 684.78 ± 66.94 a	377.92 ± 45.74 a	0.83 ± 0.01 a	7.40 ± 0.32 a	1 841.67 ± 77.37 a
	8	1 558.25 ± 59.24 ab	373.54 ± 33.12 a	0.84 ± 0.05 a	7.24 ± 0.38 a	1 580.33 ± 34.72 ab
70	对照Control	1 319.00 ± 47.43 d	366.81 ± 25.65 b	0.84 ± 0.02 b	7.73 ± 0.56 c	1 114.00 ± 26.94 c
	2	1 485.22 ± 46.31 c	431.12 ± 20.95 ab	0.91 ± 0.02 b	11.04 ± 0.71 b	1 396.33 ± 73.74 bc
	4	1 561.17 ± 33.33 bc	444.71 ± 50.07 ab	0.92 ± 0.03 b	12.36 ± 0.58 ab	1 401.33 ± 39.69 bc
	6	1 768.92 ± 53.33 a	475.13 ± 46.80 ab	1.09 ± 0.04 a	14.48 ± 0.80 a	1 766.67 ± 73.41 a
	8	1 650.21 ± 17.60 ab	532.66 ± 31.04 a	0.94 ± 0.03 b	13.16 ± 0.59 ab	1 503.67 ± 39.20 ab

时间/d Time	接种量/（g · kg^-1） Inoculum doses	总根长/cm Total root length	表面积/cm² Surface area	平均直径/mm Average diameter	根体积/cm³ Root volume	根尖数 Number of root tips
50	对照Control	1 065.98 ± 56.60 d	188.14 ± 13.39 b	0.57 ± 0.02 b	2.90 ± 0.25 d	1 107.00 ± 98.66 c
	2	1 259.81 ± 37.98 c	245.77 ± 20.14 ab	0.64 ± 0.03 ab	4.08 ± 0.23 c	1 456.67 ± 84.53 b
	4	1 361.14 ± 68.72 bc	275.58 ± 34.28 a	0.65 ± 0.03 ab	4.90 ± 0.65 bc	1 781.67 ± 56.88 a
	6	1 556.77 ± 52.16 a	307.49 ± 31.29 a	0.70 ± 0.06 a	6.61 ± 0.17 a	1 812.67 ± 39.72 a
	8	1 506.81 ± 55.32 ab	311.34 ± 25.14 a	0.69 ± 0.02 ab	5.41 ± 0.20 b	1 580.67 ± 67.06 b
60	对照Control	1 268.00 ± 26.92 c	244.85 ± 14.86 b	0.72 ± 0.02 c	4.67 ± 0.25 b	1 040.00 ± 42.09 c
	2	1 354.14 ± 70.35 bc	305.70 ± 47.98 ab	0.74 ± 0.02 c	5.52 ± 0.27 b	1 306.67 ± 44.32 bc
	4	1 441.62 ± 53.03 bc	338.51 ± 26.13 ab	0.76 ± 0.02 bc	7.16 ± 0.20 a	1 549.33 ± 43.28 ab
	6	1 684.78 ± 66.94 a	377.92 ± 45.74 a	0.83 ± 0.01 a	7.40 ± 0.32 a	1 841.67 ± 77.37 a
	8	1 558.25 ± 59.24 ab	373.54 ± 33.12 a	0.84 ± 0.05 a	7.24 ± 0.38 a	1 580.33 ± 34.72 ab
70	对照Control	1 319.00 ± 47.43 d	366.81 ± 25.65 b	0.84 ± 0.02 b	7.73 ± 0.56 c	1 114.00 ± 26.94 c
	2	1 485.22 ± 46.31 c	431.12 ± 20.95 ab	0.91 ± 0.02 b	11.04 ± 0.71 b	1 396.33 ± 73.74 bc
	4	1 561.17 ± 33.33 bc	444.71 ± 50.07 ab	0.92 ± 0.03 b	12.36 ± 0.58 ab	1 401.33 ± 39.69 bc
	6	1 768.92 ± 53.33 a	475.13 ± 46.80 ab	1.09 ± 0.04 a	14.48 ± 0.80 a	1 766.67 ± 73.41 a
	8	1 650.21 ± 17.60 ab	532.66 ± 31.04 a	0.94 ± 0.03 b	13.16 ± 0.59 ab	1 503.67 ± 39.20 ab

时间/d Time	接种量/（g · kg^-1） Inoculum doses	叶绿素含量/ （mg · g^-1） Chl content	胞间CO₂浓度/ （µmol · mol^-1） C_i	净光合速率/ (µmol · m^-2 · s^-1) P_n	蒸腾速率/ (mol · m^-2 · s^-1) T_r	气孔导度/ (mol · m^-2 · s^-1) G_s
50	对照Control	2.73 ± 0.10 c	213.15 ± 1.12 b	9.53 ± 0.86 c	4.18 ± 0.29 c	0.37 ± 0.05 a
	2	2.88 ± 0.08 bc	210.39 ± 5.55 b	10.45 ± 0.35 bc	4.72 ± 0.30 c	0.40 ± 0.04 a
	4	2.97 ± 0.05 ab	257.49 ± 4.65 a	10.52 ± 0.42 bc	5.10 ± 0.46 bc	0.33 ± 0.01 a
	6	3.16 ± 0.04 a	266.31 ± 3.12 a	13.09 ± 0.67 a	6.04 ± 0.34 a	0.30 ± 0.02 a
	8	3.05 ± 0.09 ab	260.33 ± 3.43 a	11.20 ± 0.40 b	5.91 ± 0.41 ab	0.29 ± 0.03 a
60	对照Control	2.82 ± 0.05 d	201.82 ± 8.49 c	10.14 ± 0.37 d	5.86 ± 0.80 b	0.46 ± 0.01 a
	2	3.00 ± 0.06 c	208.65 ± 2.77 c	12.24 ± 0.29 c	7.40 ± 0.65 ab	0.35 ± 0.01 b
	4	3.14 ± 0.01 b	237.96 ± 5.35 b	12.05 ± 0.25 c	7.55 ± 1.07 ab	0.32 ± 0.02 b
	6	3.28 ± 0.05 a	259.73 ± 3.98 a	14.58 ± 0.08 a	8.32 ± 0.03 a	0.25 ± 0.01 c
	8	3.30 ± 0.01 a	257.36 ± 4.04 a	13.07 ± 0.23 b	7.40 ± 0.35 ab	0.26 ± 0.02 c
70	对照Control	2.76 ± 0.03 c	180.99 ± 4.60 d	10.84 ± 0.39 c	4.88 ± 0.06 c	0.46 ± 0.02 a
	2	3.03 ± 0.02 b	195.77 ± 4.44 c	13.80 ± 0.25 b	6.38 ± 0.21 b	0.40 ± 0.02 b
	4	3.04 ± 0.02 b	214.97 ± 4.22 b	14.74 ± 0.60 ab	6.96 ± 0.31 b	0.36 ± 0.01 c
	6	3.15 ± 0.02 a	231.46 ± 2.98 a	15.41 ± 0.55 a	8.27 ± 0.37 a	0.32 ± 0.01 c
	8	3.19 ± 0.06 a	224.70 ± 5.07 ab	14.81 ± 0.56 ab	7.68 ± 0.64 a	0.32 ± 0.01 c