猕猴桃AcRhoGAP在响应Psa侵染中的功能分析

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2024-0179

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

GTP酶激活蛋白（RhoGAP）作为小G蛋白的调控因子之一，在植物生长发育、细胞骨架调节和信号传导过程中发挥着重要作用，但其在植物抗病响应中的功能尚不清楚。以猕猴桃和本氏烟草为材料，利用农杆菌介导的瞬时过表达方法，对AcRhoGAP在植物响应猕猴桃细菌性溃疡病致病菌丁香假单胞菌猕猴桃致病变种（Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae，Psa）侵染过程中的作用进行了探究。结果显示，Psa的侵染会诱导猕猴桃叶片中AcRhoGAP表达量的上调，且瞬时过表达AcRhoGAP的叶片Psa侵染症状更严重，膜系统受到更大的损伤。在本氏烟草中，瞬时过表达AcRhoGAP叶片中Psa菌量更高，活性氧含量降低，膜系统受损更严重，防御相关激素途径标志基因的表达发生变化。综上，AcRhoGAP可能负调控猕猴桃对Psa的抗性。

关键词: 猕猴桃, AcRhoGAP, 细菌性溃疡病, 丁香假单胞菌猕猴桃致病变种, 感病因子

Abstract:

As one of the regulatory factors of small G proteins，Rho GTPase-activating protein（RhoGAP）have been reported to play important roles in plant growth and development，cytoskeleton regulation，and signal transduction. However，their function in plant disease resistance response is still largely unknown. This article explores the role of AcRhoGAP（A RhoGAP gene in Actinidia chinensis Planch.）in plant response to Psa（Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae）infection using A. chinensis and Nicotiana benthamiana as materials and Agrobacterium mediated transient overexpression method. The results showed that Psa infection induced up-regulation of AcRhoGAP expression in kiwifruit leaves，and leaves with transient overexpression of AcRhoGAP were more susceptible to Psa infection，resulting in more severe damage to the membrane system. In N. benthamiana，the CFU of Psa in AcRhoGAP transient overexpression leaves is higher，the content of reactive oxygen species is reduced，the membrane system is more severely damaged，and the expression of defense related hormone pathway marker genes changes. Taken together，AcRhoGAP may be a negatively factor in the response of kiwifruit to Psa infection.

Key words: Actinidia chinensis, AcRhoGAP, bacterial canker, Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae, pathogenic factor

苏燕珊, 杨艺婷, 杨晓雅, 唐溶霞, 席德慧. 猕猴桃AcRhoGAP在响应Psa侵染中的功能分析[J]. 园艺学报, 2025, 52(1): 25-36.

SU Yanshan, YANG Yiting, YANG Xiaoya, TANG Rongxia, XI Dehui. Functional Analysis of AcRhoGAP in Kiwifruit in Response to Psa Infection[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2025, 52(1): 25-36.

图/表 6

表1 本研究中使用的引物序列

Table 1 Primer sequences used in this study

用途 Use	GI/基因ID号 GI/Gene ID	片段大小/bp Product size	名称 Name	引物序列（5′-3′） Primer sequence
基因克隆Gene cloning	1371493451	1 410	SalⅠ-1307AcGAP-F	GCGTCGACATGACAGAGGTCCTCCACTC
基因克隆Gene cloning	1371493451		SpeⅠ-1307AcGAP-R	GGACTAGTTCACCGCCAGGCTTCA
实时荧光定量 PCR Quantitative real-time PCR	107826390	270	EF1α-F	TGTTGTATGATTTTGGGGTAGAC
	107826390		EF1α-R	GAATCATAAACAGATCATATATGCAC
	1371492652	270	Ac-actinB-F	CAGCATAACGGTCAAGGTC
	1371492652		Ac-actinB-R	GAAAACAAATCTAGAACGAAAA
	1371493451	185	AcGAP-F	CGGGTGGCCGACTAATG
	1371493451		AcGAP-R	GCACACTGTTCCCTCTAGG
	21552982	200	NtEDS1-F	TCTTACCGATATTCCCTTGT
	21552982		NtEDS1-R	CTGCTTCTCCCATTCTCC
	19939	200	NtPR1a-F	ATTGCCTTCATTTCTTCTTG
	19939		NtPR1a-R	TTGGGACACCAGGAGCAT
	107807832	200	NtPR1b-F	GTGGACACTATACTCAGGTG
	107807832		NtPR1b-R	TCCAACTTGGAATCAAAGGG
	107831756	200	NtNPR1-F	ATGCGGATGACTTGTCTG
	107831756		NtNPR1-R	GGGCTTATCTACTCCCTTA
	107770253	200	NtLOX-F	GGTCAAGAAGTTGTGAACATACA
	107770253		NtLOX-R	TTTGTCCAGCATCTCTGCA
	107783985	200	NtAOS-F	TCCAGTCTTACCACTACATAAAA
	107783985		NtAOS-R	AAGAGAATGGAAAGGAAGTG
	109215681	200	NtPDF1.2-F	AGATGGGACCAACGACAA
	109215681		NtPDF1.2-R	AAATCCTTCGGTCAAACA
	107819687	200	NtCOI1-F	AGCAGCCCATTGTTTCTT
	107819687		NtCOI1-R	CACCTTGTTCATCCTCCA
	109235543	200	NtEIN2-F	TCATCATCAATGTCGTCAAC
	109235543		NtEIN2-R	GCTAAGGTCGGTAATAGTGT
半定量PCR Semi quantitative PCR	107826390	270	EF1α-F	TGTTGTATGATTTTGGGGTAGAC
	107826390		EF1α-R	GAATCATAAACAGATCATATATGCAC
	1371492652	270	Ac-actinB-F	CAGCATAACGGTCAAGGTC
	1371492652		Ac-actinB-R	GAAAACAAATCTAGAACGAAAA
	39515390	280	Psa-F1	TTTTGCTTTGCACACCCGATTTT
	39515390		Psa-R2	CACGCACCCTTCAATCAGGATG

图1 Psa侵染后‘红阳’（A ~ D）‘海沃德’（E ~ H）猕猴桃叶片中AcRhoGAP的时空表达 A、E：接种Psa后的表型；B、F：平板计数Psa菌量；C、G：半定量PCR检测Psa菌量；D、H：AcRhoGAP的相对表达量。** 表示两个材料间在P < 0.01水平差异显著

Fig. 1 Temporal and spatial expression of AcRhoGAP in Hongyang（A- D）and Hayward（E-H）kiwifruit leaves after Psa infection A，E：The phenotypes after inoculation of Psa；B，F：Psa CFU detected by tablet counting；C，G：Psa CFU detected by semi quantitative PCR；D，H：Relative expression level of AcRhoGAP. ** indicates the difference between two materials reaches a significant level when P < 0.01

图2 ‘红阳’猕猴桃叶片中瞬时过表达AcRhoGAP（OE）及转入空载体（EV）对Psa侵染的影响 A：瞬时过表达效果；B：病程发展表型；C：平板计数Psa菌量；D：半定量PCR检测Psa菌量；E：相对电导率；F：MDA含量。 ***、**、*分别表示两个材料间在P < 0.001、P < 0.01、P < 0.05水平差异显著

Fig. 2 Effects of instantaneous overexpression of AcRhoGAP on Psa infection in Hongyang kiwifruit leaves A：The effect of transient overexpression；B：The phenotypes of disease progression；C：Psa CFU detected by tablet counting；D：Psa CFU detected by semi quantitative PCR；E：Relative EL；F：MDA content. ***，**，* respectively indicate the difference between two materials reaches a significant level when P < 0.001，P < 0.01，P < 0.05

图3 本氏烟草叶片中瞬时过表达AcRhoGAP（OE）及转入空载体（EV）对Psa侵染的影响 A：瞬时过表达效果；B：病程发展表型；C：平板计数Psa菌量；D：半定量PCR检测Psa菌量。 ***、**分别表示两个材料间在P < 0.001、P < 0.01水平差异显著

Fig. 3 Effects of instantaneous overexpression of AcRhoGAP on Psa infection in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves A：The effect of transient overexpression；B：The phenotypes of disease progression；C：Psa CFU detected by tablet counting；D：Psa CFU detected by semi quantitative PCR. ***，** respectively indicate the difference between two materials reaches a significant level when P < 0.001，P < 0.01

图4 本氏烟草叶片中瞬时过表达AcRhoGAP（OE）及转入空载体（EV）后Psa侵染对活性氧产生和膜系统受损的影响 A：NBT染色法检测超氧阴离子含量；B：DAB染色法检测H2O2含量；C：相对电导率；D：MDA含量。**、*分别表示两个材料间在P < 0.01、P < 0.05水平差异显著

Fig. 4 Effects of Psa infection on reactive oxygen species production and membrane system damage after transient overexpression of AcRhoGAP in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves A：Superoxide anion content detected by NBT staining method；B：H2O2 content detected by DAB staining method；C：Relative EL；D：MDA content. **，* respectively indicate the difference between two materials reaches a significant level when P < 0.01，P < 0.05

图5 本氏烟草叶片中瞬时过表达AcRhoGAP（OE）及转入空载体（EV）对抗病信号途径Marker基因表达的影响 ***、**、*分别表示两个材料间在P < 0.001、P < 0.01、P < 0.05水平差异显著

Fig. 5 Effects of instantaneous overexpression of AcRhoGAP on the expression of the marker gene in the anti disease signaling pathway in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves ***，**，* respectively indicate the difference between two materials reaches a significant level when P < 0.001，P < 0.01，P < 0.05 .

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