马铃薯叶片光合效率遗传变异分析及高光效种质筛选

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2020-0904

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以24份不同地理来源的马铃薯种质为试材,测定其叶片气体交换参数、瞬时羧化效率（CE）、气孔限制值（L_s）、内禀水分利用率（iWUE）和叶绿素含量（SPAD值）等8个光合性状,结合相关性分析、主成分分析和聚类分析方法,对参试材料进行了遗传变异分析与高光效种质筛选。结果显示,24份马铃薯种质间光合性状的差异显著,变异系数介于8.42% ~ 25.21%,其中气孔导度（G_s）、蒸腾速率（T_r）、L_s和iWUE的变异程度较大,说明从马铃薯种质资源中筛选出高光效种质具有较大的可能性。广义遗传力（h²）分析表明,光合性状的h²变化范围为11.95% ~ 83.69%,6个性状的h²超过60%,具有高水平的遗传力,其中SPAD值的h²最高,为83.69%。主成分分析和聚类分析表明,24份马铃薯种质资源根据光合效率强弱可分为3个等级,筛选到‘闽薯4号’‘闽薯7号’‘云薯108’‘云薯109’‘天薯10号’‘陇薯7号’‘N210’和‘龙薯9号’共8份高光效种质,这些种质可作为光合作用机制研究及高光效育种的材料。通过相关性分析发现,SPAD值与光合效率综合评价指数存在显著正相关（R = 0.801^**）,其可作为马铃薯高光效种质的初筛指标。

关键词: 马铃薯, 光合效率, 遗传变异, 种质筛选, SPAD值

Abstract:

Twenty-four potato germplasms from different geographical regions were used to measure leaf gas exchange,instantaneous carboxylation efficiency（CE）,stomatal limitation value（L_s）,intrinsic water use efficiency（iWUE）and chlorophyll content（SPAD）of potato. Correlation analysis,principal component analysis and cluster analysis were combined to evaluate the genetic variation and screen high photosynthetic efficiency germplasm of tested materials. The results showed that,significant variation in all photosynthetic traits were observed among 24 germplasms,the coefficient of variation ranging from 8.42% to 25.21%,and more obviously variation in stomatal conductance（G_s）,transpiration rate（T_r）,L_s and iWUE were found,suggesting a promising opportunity for selection of greater photosynthetic efficiency in potato. Analysis of broad-sense heritability（h²）showed that,the h² of photosynthetic traits varied from 11.95% to 83.69%,six traits had a high level of heritability,whose h² were exceeded 60%,and the highest heritability was observed in SPAD（83.69%）. Principal component and cluster analysis revealed that,twenty-four germplasms were divided into three photosynthetic efficiency groups,and screened out eight germplasm with relatively higher photosynthetic efficiency,including‘Minshu 4’,‘Minshu 7’,‘Yunshu 108’,‘Yunshu 109’,‘Tianshu 10’,‘Longshu 7’,‘N210’and‘Longshu 9’. These germplasms can be used as genetic resources for the photosynthetic mechanism research and high photosynthetic efficiency breeding. In addition,the SPAD was significantly and positively correlated with comprehensive evaluation value of photosynthetic efficiency,so SPAD could be used as an early screening indicators of photosynthetic efficiency in potato germplasms.

Key words: potato, photosynthetic efficiency, genetic variation, germplasms screening, SPAD

中图分类号:

S532

许国春, 罗文彬, 李华伟, 许泳清, 纪荣昌, 张鸿, 邱思鑫, 汤浩. 马铃薯叶片光合效率遗传变异分析及高光效种质筛选[J]. 园艺学报, 2021, 48(11): 2239-2250.

XU Guochun, LUO Wenbin, LI Huawei, XU Yongqing, JI Rongchang, ZHANG Hong, QIU Sixin, TANG Hao. Screening for Genetic Variation in Photosynthesis and High Photosynthetic Efficiency Germplasm in Potato[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2021, 48(11): 2239-2250.

图/表 9

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编号 Code	种质资源 Germplasm	来源 Origin	编号 Code	种质资源 Germplasm	来源 Origin
Y1	紫花851 Zihua 851	黑龙江 Heilongjiang	Y13	N210	北京 Beijing
Y2	费乌瑞它 Favorita	荷兰 Netherlands	Y14	N215	北京 Beijing
Y3	闽薯1号 Minshu 1	福建 Fujian	Y15	D597	北京 Beijing
Y4	闽薯4号 Minshu 4	福建 Fujian	Y16	龙薯9号 Longshu 9	黑龙江 Heilongjiang
Y5	闽薯9号 Minshu 9	福建 Fujian	Y17	龙薯14号 Longshu 14	黑龙江 Heilongjiang
Y6	闽薯6号 Minshu 6	福建 Fujian	Y18	W8	新疆 Xinjiang
Y7	闽薯7号 Minshu 7	福建 Fujian	W1	中龙薯1号 Zhonglongshu 1	黑龙江 Heilongjiang
Y8	云薯108 Yunshu 108	云南 Yunnan	P1	闽彩薯2号 Mincaishu 2	福建 Fujian
Y9	云薯109 Yunshu 109	云南 Yunnan	P2	闽彩薯3号 Mincaishu 3	福建 Fujian
Y10	天薯10号 Tianshu 10	甘肃 Gansu	P3	华颂66 Huasong 66	内蒙古 Inner Mongolia
Y11	陇薯7号 Longshu 7	甘肃 Gansu	R1	红美 Hongmei	内蒙古 Inner Mongolia
Y12	N143	北京 Beijing	R2	红玫瑰 Hongmeigui	山东 Shandong

编号 Code	种质资源 Germplasm	来源 Origin	编号 Code	种质资源 Germplasm	来源 Origin
Y1	紫花851 Zihua 851	黑龙江 Heilongjiang	Y13	N210	北京 Beijing
Y2	费乌瑞它 Favorita	荷兰 Netherlands	Y14	N215	北京 Beijing
Y3	闽薯1号 Minshu 1	福建 Fujian	Y15	D597	北京 Beijing
Y4	闽薯4号 Minshu 4	福建 Fujian	Y16	龙薯9号 Longshu 9	黑龙江 Heilongjiang
Y5	闽薯9号 Minshu 9	福建 Fujian	Y17	龙薯14号 Longshu 14	黑龙江 Heilongjiang
Y6	闽薯6号 Minshu 6	福建 Fujian	Y18	W8	新疆 Xinjiang
Y7	闽薯7号 Minshu 7	福建 Fujian	W1	中龙薯1号 Zhonglongshu 1	黑龙江 Heilongjiang
Y8	云薯108 Yunshu 108	云南 Yunnan	P1	闽彩薯2号 Mincaishu 2	福建 Fujian
Y9	云薯109 Yunshu 109	云南 Yunnan	P2	闽彩薯3号 Mincaishu 3	福建 Fujian
Y10	天薯10号 Tianshu 10	甘肃 Gansu	P3	华颂66 Huasong 66	内蒙古 Inner Mongolia
Y11	陇薯7号 Longshu 7	甘肃 Gansu	R1	红美 Hongmei	内蒙古 Inner Mongolia
Y12	N143	北京 Beijing	R2	红玫瑰 Hongmeigui	山东 Shandong

参数 Parameter	F	平均值 Mean	标准差 SD	变幅 Range	变异系数/% CV	广义遗传力/% h²
P_n	11.51^**	17.50	2.57	13.06 ~ 21.87	14.69	77.15
G_s	6.84^**	0.39	0.10	0.24 ~ 0.60	25.18	68.42
C_i	3.51^**	280.15	23.59	235.12 ~ 327.76	8.42	11.95
T_r	5.62^**	5.08	1.02	3.47 ~ 6.95	20.02	60.60
CE	12.76^**	0.06	0.01	0.04 ~ 0.08	16.83	79.90
L_s	2.56^**	0.28	0.07	0.16 ~ 0.47	25.21	34.15
iWUE	7.08^**	46.74	10.28	29.41 ~ 70.77	21.99	66.99
SPAD	16.31^**	38.57	4.25	31.73 ~ 48.83	11.01	83.69

参数 Parameter	F	平均值 Mean	标准差 SD	变幅 Range	变异系数/% CV	广义遗传力/% h²
P_n	11.51^**	17.50	2.57	13.06 ~ 21.87	14.69	77.15
G_s	6.84^**	0.39	0.10	0.24 ~ 0.60	25.18	68.42
C_i	3.51^**	280.15	23.59	235.12 ~ 327.76	8.42	11.95
T_r	5.62^**	5.08	1.02	3.47 ~ 6.95	20.02	60.60
CE	12.76^**	0.06	0.01	0.04 ~ 0.08	16.83	79.90
L_s	2.56^**	0.28	0.07	0.16 ~ 0.47	25.21	34.15
iWUE	7.08^**	46.74	10.28	29.41 ~ 70.77	21.99	66.99
SPAD	16.31^**	38.57	4.25	31.73 ~ 48.83	11.01	83.69

参数 Parameter	P_n	G_S	C_i	T_r	CE	L_s	iWUE	SPAD
P_n	1
G_S	-0.527^**	1
C_i	-0.074	0.415^**	1
T_r	0.477^**	0.580^**	0.164	1
CE	0.835^**	0.194	-0.602^**	0.295^*	1
L_s	-0.161	-0.495^**	-0.488^**	-0.362^**	0.144	1
iWUE	-0.034	-0.823^**	-0.600^**	-0.388^**	0.300^*	0.523^**	1
SPAD	0.697^**	0.367^**	-0.053	0.340^**	0.574^**	-0.084	-0.023	1