Abstract: Distant hybridization has been conducted between Paeonia suffruticosa‘Qiufa 1’（♀）and Paeonia delavayi（♂）. The 2-year-old seedlings of the hybrid were evaluated by morphological and ISSR markers. The results showed that the F1 hybrids of the parents could be divided into paternal type（3 seedlings），maternal type（5 ones）and specific type（8 ones）by morphological markers. On the other hand，the F1 hybrids could be divided into paternal type（6 ones），intermediate type（5 ones）and specific type（5 ones）by ISSR markers at L = 0.65 level. Twelve hybrid seedlings had the same results by morphological and ISSR markers，but 4 of the hybrids showed different divisions. It can be referred that ISSR markers combining with morphological markers can be helpful for the early identification of descendents from distant hybridization of tree peony.

Key words: tree peony, Paeonia suffruticosa, Paeonia delavayi Franch., distant hybridization, morphological marker, ISSR marker