Analysis of Agronomic Traits and Fatty Acid Composition of Macadamia Germplasm Resources in Yunnan Province

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2024-0778

Acta Horticulturae Sinica ›› 2025, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (7): 1707-1717.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2024-0778

• Genetic & Breeding·Germplasm Resources·Molecular Biology • Previous Articles Next Articles

Analysis of Agronomic Traits and Fatty Acid Composition of Macadamia Germplasm Resources in Yunnan Province

ZHU Yi¹, YANG Hongxia², ZHENG Weikang¹, TANG Shaoping², CHAI Lijun¹^,^*(), YANG Fan²^,^*(), MA Zhaocheng³^,^*()

¹ National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops，College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences，Huazhong Agricultural University，Wuhan 430070，China
² Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Economic Crops，Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences Research，Ruili，Yunnan 678600，China
³ School of Public Health，Wuhan University，Wuhan 430071，China

Received:2025-01-20 Revised:2025-03-06 Online:2025-07-23 Published:2025-07-23
Contact: CHAI Lijun, YANG Fan, MA Zhaocheng

Abstract

Abstract:

This study analyzed the correlation between agronomic traits，fatty acid content and composition of 32 macadamia germplasms in Yunnan Province. The results showed that the variety with the largest kernel weight was Changning 1（3.83 g），the variety with the largest nut recovery was Guangxi 1（57.10%），the cultivar with the largest kernel recovery was Honghua（38.42%），and the variety with the highest oil extraction rate was 695（66.97%）；the rounded the macadamia fruits were，the higher the nut recovery was，and there was a negative correlation between the weight of the green skinned layer and kernel recovery. Nine fatty acids were detected in Macadamia oil，70.97% of which were monounsaturated fatty acids（MUFA），and ω-7 fatty acid（palmitoleic acid）was the most abundant in H2 varieties（20.47%）.

Key words: macadamia, germplasm, fatty acid, agronomic traits, fruit

ZHU Yi, YANG Hongxia, ZHENG Weikang, TANG Shaoping, CHAI Lijun, YANG Fan, MA Zhaocheng. Analysis of Agronomic Traits and Fatty Acid Composition of Macadamia Germplasm Resources in Yunnan Province[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2025, 52(7): 1707-1717.

Figures/Tables 10

References 17

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来源 Origin	种质资源 Germplasm	编号 No.	来源 Origin	种质资源 Germplasm	编号 No.
临沧市云县正成农业开发有限公司 Yunxian Zhengcheng Agricultural Development Co.,Ltd. of Lincang City	JW	1		正成25号Zhengcheng 25	17
	红花Honghua	2	保山市昌宁县柯街镇小团山村 Xiaotuanshan Village，Kejie Town，Changning County，Baoshan City	246	18
	294	3		741	19
	344	4		A16	20
	660	5		A4	21
	788	6		OC	22
	791	7		昌宁1号Changning 1	23
	正成1号Zhengcheng 1	8		桂热1号Guire 1	24
	正成2号Zhengcheng 2	9	保山市施甸县旧城镇里嘎村 Liga Village，Jiucheng Town，Shidian County，Baoshan City	695	25
	正成8号Zhengcheng 8	10	德宏州芒市三台山 Santai Mountain，Dehong Mangshi City	H2	26
	正成14号Zhengcheng 14	11	临沧市耿马县勐简县红岩山村 Hongyanshan Village，Mengjian Town，Gengma County，Lincang City	508	27
	正成15号Zhengcheng 15	12	临沧市镇康县南伞镇王氏庄园 Wang’s Manor，Nansan Town，Zhenkang County，Lincang City	900	28
	正成18号Zhengcheng 18	13	临沧市永德县崇岗乡大红山村 Dahongshan Village，Chonggang Town，Yongde County，Lincang City	333	29
	正成19号Zhengcheng 19	14	临沧市永德县大雪山乡大棕箐 Dazongqing Village，Daxueshan Town，Yongde County，Lincang City	800	30
	正成20号Zhengcheng 20	15		广西1号Guangxi 1	31
	正成23号Zhengcheng 23	16	临沧市永德县崇岗乡军捞村 Junlao Village，Chonggang Town，Yongde County，Lincang City	广11 Guang 11	32

来源 Origin	种质资源 Germplasm	编号 No.	来源 Origin	种质资源 Germplasm	编号 No.
临沧市云县正成农业开发有限公司 Yunxian Zhengcheng Agricultural Development Co.,Ltd. of Lincang City	JW	1		正成25号Zhengcheng 25	17
	红花Honghua	2	保山市昌宁县柯街镇小团山村 Xiaotuanshan Village，Kejie Town，Changning County，Baoshan City	246	18
	294	3		741	19
	344	4		A16	20
	660	5		A4	21
	788	6		OC	22
	791	7		昌宁1号Changning 1	23
	正成1号Zhengcheng 1	8		桂热1号Guire 1	24
	正成2号Zhengcheng 2	9	保山市施甸县旧城镇里嘎村 Liga Village，Jiucheng Town，Shidian County，Baoshan City	695	25
	正成8号Zhengcheng 8	10	德宏州芒市三台山 Santai Mountain，Dehong Mangshi City	H2	26
	正成14号Zhengcheng 14	11	临沧市耿马县勐简县红岩山村 Hongyanshan Village，Mengjian Town，Gengma County，Lincang City	508	27
	正成15号Zhengcheng 15	12	临沧市镇康县南伞镇王氏庄园 Wang’s Manor，Nansan Town，Zhenkang County，Lincang City	900	28
	正成18号Zhengcheng 18	13	临沧市永德县崇岗乡大红山村 Dahongshan Village，Chonggang Town，Yongde County，Lincang City	333	29
	正成19号Zhengcheng 19	14	临沧市永德县大雪山乡大棕箐 Dazongqing Village，Daxueshan Town，Yongde County，Lincang City	800	30
	正成20号Zhengcheng 20	15		广西1号Guangxi 1	31
	正成23号Zhengcheng 23	16	临沧市永德县崇岗乡军捞村 Junlao Village，Chonggang Town，Yongde County，Lincang City	广11 Guang 11	32

性状 Trait	最小值 Minimum	最大值 Maximum	极差 Range	均值 Mean	标准差 SD	变异系数/% CV
青皮果质量/g Single fruit weight	14.03	30.58	16.55	18.45	3.42	18.55
青皮果横径/mm Fruit transverse diameter	23.65	37.80	14.15	30.18	3.11	10.31
青皮果纵径/mm Fruit longitudinal diameter	22.91	44.71	21.80	34.40	5.63	16.38
青皮果纵横径比 Fruit aspect ratio	0.95	1.35	0.40	1.13	0.10	9.25
鲜带壳果质量/g Fresh nut weight	6.62	15.07	8.45	8.93	1.63	18.22
鲜带壳果横径/mm Seed transverse diameter	22.27	33.36	11.09	25.86	2.86	11.04
鲜带壳果纵径/mm Seed longitudinal diameter	22.06	39.60	17.54	26.23	4.62	17.61
鲜带壳果纵横径比 Aspect ratio of seed	0.91	1.27	0.36	1.01	0.07	7.27
烘干后带壳果质量/g Nut weight	5.27	12.28	7.01	7.14	1.31	18.35
果仁质量/g Kernel weight	1.89	3.83	1.94	2.35	0.36	15.29
出种率% Nut recovery	40.33	57.10	16.77	48.56	3.57	7.35
出仁率% Kernel recovery	26.20	38.42	12.22	33.15	3.04	9.17

性状 Trait	最小值 Minimum	最大值 Maximum	极差 Range	均值 Mean	标准差 SD	变异系数/% CV
青皮果质量/g Single fruit weight	14.03	30.58	16.55	18.45	3.42	18.55
青皮果横径/mm Fruit transverse diameter	23.65	37.80	14.15	30.18	3.11	10.31
青皮果纵径/mm Fruit longitudinal diameter	22.91	44.71	21.80	34.40	5.63	16.38
青皮果纵横径比 Fruit aspect ratio	0.95	1.35	0.40	1.13	0.10	9.25
鲜带壳果质量/g Fresh nut weight	6.62	15.07	8.45	8.93	1.63	18.22
鲜带壳果横径/mm Seed transverse diameter	22.27	33.36	11.09	25.86	2.86	11.04
鲜带壳果纵径/mm Seed longitudinal diameter	22.06	39.60	17.54	26.23	4.62	17.61
鲜带壳果纵横径比 Aspect ratio of seed	0.91	1.27	0.36	1.01	0.07	7.27
烘干后带壳果质量/g Nut weight	5.27	12.28	7.01	7.14	1.31	18.35
果仁质量/g Kernel weight	1.89	3.83	1.94	2.35	0.36	15.29
出种率% Nut recovery	40.33	57.10	16.77	48.56	3.57	7.35
出仁率% Kernel recovery	26.20	38.42	12.22	33.15	3.04	9.17

脂肪酸相对含量/% Relative content of fatty acids	最小值 Minimum	最大值 Maximum	极差 Range	均值 Mean	标准差 SD	变异系数/% CV	F值 F values
油酸（C18:1n9c）Oleic acid	47.76	52.91	5.15	50.67	1.50	2.97	17.45^***
棕榈油酸（C16:1）Palmitoleic acid	13.26	20.47	7.21	16.97	1.82	10.72	346.89^***
顺-11-二十烯酸（C20:1n9） Eicosenoic acid	2.5	4.81	2.31	3.34	0.48	14.28	31.96^***
亚油酸（C18:2n6c）Linoleic acid	1.53	3.79	2.26	2.24	0.61	27.14	104.89^***
棕榈酸（C16:0）Palmitic acid	8.6	10.23	1.63	9.53	0.45	4.74	13.90^***
硬脂酸（C18:0）Stearic acid	3.42	7.55	4.13	4.69	0.91	19.44	68.61^***
花生酸（C20:0）Arachidonic acid	2.75	5.32	2.57	3.89	0.50	12.84	32.29^***
山嵛酸（C22:0）Docosanoic acid	0.91	1.66	0.75	1.23	0.16	13.29	30.16^***
肉豆蔻酸（C14:0）Myristic acid	0.38	1.4	1.02	0.73	0.24	32.42	37.33^***
单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFA） Monounsaturated fatty acids	66.03	73.34	7.31	70.97	1.27	1.78	13.40^***
多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA） Polyunsaturated fatty acids	1.53	3.79	2.26	2.24	0.61	27.14	104.89^***
饱和脂肪酸（SFA）Saturated fatty acids	17.87	24.55	6.68	20.07	1.45	7.23	15.35^***

Analysis of Agronomic Traits and Fatty Acid Composition of Macadamia Germplasm Resources in Yunnan Province

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