Screening of Antagonistic Bacteria Against Fusarium spp. Causing Melon Fruit Rot and the Antagonistic Properties

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2022-0741

Acta Horticulturae Sinica ›› 2023, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (10): 2257-2270.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2022-0741

• Plant Protection • Previous Articles Next Articles

Screening of Antagonistic Bacteria Against Fusarium spp. Causing Melon Fruit Rot and the Antagonistic Properties

HE Yafang¹^,², BAO Huifang²^,^*(), WANG Ning², ZHAN Faqiang², ZHANG Xuejun³, SHI Yingwu², YANG Rong², HOU Xinqiang², LONG Xuanqi²^,^*()

¹ College of Life Sciences and Technology，Xinjiang University，Urumqi 830046，China
² Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Special Environmental Microbilogy，Institute of Microbiology，Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Urumqi 830091，China
³ The Research Center of Hami-melon，Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Urumqi 830091，China

Received:2023-04-21 Revised:2023-09-03 Online:2023-10-25 Published:2023-10-31

Abstract

Abstract:

In this study，the antagonistic bacteria JS6-1 and JS3-4 against Fusarium solani BM1 were screened from the saline-alkali soil of Jiashi County，Kashgar，Xinjiang by plate confrontation method and the agar diffusion method. The diameters of the inhibition zone of the melon and fruit rot pathogens were 22.90 and 21.05 mm，respectively. JS6-1 and JS3-4 were identified as Bacillus velezensis and Bacillus siamensis by morphological observation，physiological and biochemical tests as well as 16s rRNA gene sequence analysis，respectively. The results of bacteriostatic spectrum showed that the two strains had strong inhibitory effect to nine plant pathogens，such as Fusarium oxysporum KW1，Alternatia alternata HB2，fragrant pear rot pathogen Valsa mali var. pyri FL1 and so on. The results of enzyme activity and iron carrier determination showed that the two strains could produce cellulase，protease，amylase，glucanase and iron carrier. Lipopeptides of two strains were extracted by acid precipitation method，and bacteriostatic experiments were carried out against Fusarium solani BM1. The results showed that the diameters of bacteriostatic zone of the lipopeptides were 20.55 and 19.05 mm，and the inhibition rate against spore germination of pathogenic bacteria were 100% and 93.77%，respectively. In conclusion，JS6-1 and JS3-4 have good antagonistic effect against Fusarium solani and are expected to be used in the biological control of melon fruit rot.

Key words: melon, Fusarium spp., fruit rot, biocontrol bacteria, postharvest preservation

HE Yafang, BAO Huifang, WANG Ning, ZHAN Faqiang, ZHANG Xuejun, SHI Yingwu, YANG Rong, HOU Xinqiang, LONG Xuanqi. Screening of Antagonistic Bacteria Against Fusarium spp. Causing Melon Fruit Rot and the Antagonistic Properties[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2023, 50(10): 2257-2270.

Figures/Tables 13

References 37

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菌株 Strain	抑菌带宽度/mm Inhibition zone width	发酵上清液抑菌圈直径/mm The fermentation supernatant inhibition zone diameter
JS6-1	7.39 ± 0.07 a	22.90 ± 0.74 a
JS3-4	6.67 ± 0.08 b	21.05 ± 0.28 b
JS1-1	5.74 ± 0.17 c	13.29 ± 0.11 c
JS55-2	5.12 ± 0.11 d	9.81 ± 0.47 d
JS15	5.08 ± 0.21 d	9.27 ± 0.30 d

菌株 Strain	抑菌带宽度/mm Inhibition zone width	发酵上清液抑菌圈直径/mm The fermentation supernatant inhibition zone diameter
JS6-1	7.39 ± 0.07 a	22.90 ± 0.74 a
JS3-4	6.67 ± 0.08 b	21.05 ± 0.28 b
JS1-1	5.74 ± 0.17 c	13.29 ± 0.11 c
JS55-2	5.12 ± 0.11 d	9.81 ± 0.47 d
JS15	5.08 ± 0.21 d	9.27 ± 0.30 d

病原菌	抑菌率/% Inhibition rate
Pathogen	JS6-1	JS3-4
香梨腐烂病菌 Valsa mali var. pyri FL1	58.02 ± 1.28 c	59.26 ± 1.44 b
马铃薯黑痣病菌立枯丝核菌 Rhizoctonia solani ZN5	51.85 ± 0.42 de	56.79 ± 1.28 bc
番茄早疫病菌茄链格孢菌 Alternatia solani ZN18	58.02 ± 1.26 c	53.09 ± 1.91 de
核桃腐烂病 Cytcospora sp. ZN19	70.41 ± 2.22 a	75.37 ± 1.18 a
甜瓜枯萎病 Fusarium oxysporum KW1	59.32 ± 0.84 c	54.60 ± 0.74 cd
水稻恶苗串珠镰刀菌 F. moniliforme ZN12	54.26 ± 1.48 d	58.52 ± 1.29 b
马铃薯早疫病菌茄病链格孢菌 A. solani ZN6	62.28 ± 1.18 b	57.72 ± 2.17 bc
西瓜枯萎病尖孢镰刀菌 F. oxysporum ZN10	50.12 ± 0.65 e	50.65 ± 1.01 e
香梨黑斑病菌链格孢菌 A. alternata HB2	58.25 ± 1.26 c	57.98 ± 1.87 bc

病原菌	抑菌率/% Inhibition rate
Pathogen	JS6-1	JS3-4
香梨腐烂病菌 Valsa mali var. pyri FL1	58.02 ± 1.28 c	59.26 ± 1.44 b
马铃薯黑痣病菌立枯丝核菌 Rhizoctonia solani ZN5	51.85 ± 0.42 de	56.79 ± 1.28 bc
番茄早疫病菌茄链格孢菌 Alternatia solani ZN18	58.02 ± 1.26 c	53.09 ± 1.91 de
核桃腐烂病 Cytcospora sp. ZN19	70.41 ± 2.22 a	75.37 ± 1.18 a
甜瓜枯萎病 Fusarium oxysporum KW1	59.32 ± 0.84 c	54.60 ± 0.74 cd
水稻恶苗串珠镰刀菌 F. moniliforme ZN12	54.26 ± 1.48 d	58.52 ± 1.29 b
马铃薯早疫病菌茄病链格孢菌 A. solani ZN6	62.28 ± 1.18 b	57.72 ± 2.17 bc
西瓜枯萎病尖孢镰刀菌 F. oxysporum ZN10	50.12 ± 0.65 e	50.65 ± 1.01 e
香梨黑斑病菌链格孢菌 A. alternata HB2	58.25 ± 1.26 c	57.98 ± 1.87 bc

指标分类 Index classification	测定指标 Identification index	JS6-1	JS3-4
氮源利用 Nitrogen source utilization	硫酸铵Ammonia sulfate	+	+
	草酸铵Sodium oxalate	+	+
	柠檬酸二铵Ammonium citrate	+	+
	L-酪氨酸L-tyrosine	+	+
	磷酸二氢铵Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate	+	+
	谷氨酸Glutamate	+	-
碳源利用 Carbon source utilization	D-葡萄糖D-glucose	+	+
	甘油Glycerinum	+	+
	蔗糖Saccharose	+	+
	D-果糖D-fructose	+	+
	乳糖Lactose	+	-
	淀粉Amylum	+	+
	甘露醇Mannitol	+	+
	鼠李糖Rhamnose	-	-
	壳聚糖Chitosan	-	-
	海藻糖Trehalose	+	+
	麦芽糖Maltose	+	+
其他指标 Other indicators	接触酶反应Contact enzyme test	+	+
	柠檬酸盐利用Citrate utilization	-	-
	甲基红Methy red	-	+
	明胶液化Liquefy glutin	+	+
	淀粉水解Starch hydrolysis	+	+
	V-P试验V-P test	+	+
	吲哚试验Indole test	-	-
	硫化氢Hydrogen sulfide	-	-
生长特性 Growth characteristics	NaCl浓度/% NaCl concentration	2.5 ~ 9.5	2.5 ~ 9.0
	生长温度/℃ Growth temperature	15 ~ 50	4 ~ 50
	pH	5.0 ~ 11.0	5.0 ~ 9.0

Screening of Antagonistic Bacteria Against Fusarium spp. Causing Melon Fruit Rot and the Antagonistic Properties

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菌株编号Strain number	As/Ar	铁载体活性/% Siderophore activity
JS6-1	0.689 ± 0.008	31.10 ± 0.06
JS3-4	0.789 ± 0.015	21.11 ± 0.11

稀释倍数 Dilution multiple	Bacillus velezensis JS6-1		B. siamensis JS3-4
稀释倍数 Dilution multiple	孢子萌发率/% Spore germination rate	萌发抑制率/% Spore germination inhibition rate	孢子萌发率/% Spore germination rate	萌发抑制率/% Spore germination inhibition rate
原液 Stock solution	0	100.00	5.45	93.77
10^-1	8.69	91.64	12.12	86.15
10^-2	25.58	83.28	33.82	61.35
10^-3	34.21	67.79	40.54	53.67
10^-4	58.33	36.91	67.56	22.79
对照Control	87.50	—	87.50	—

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[4]	WANG Dong, MAIMAITIAIZEZI · Muhetaer, LIU Yanquan, DILIDAERKEZI · Wulamu. Identification of Virus Disease Types of Melon Planting in Jiashi County of Xinjiang [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2023, 50(8): 1793-1802.
[5]	HE Yanjun, WANG Yuhuan, LI Yulin, FAN Min. A New Watermelon Cultivar ‘Jinyuchun’ [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2023, 50(8): 1809-1810.
[6]	DIAO Qiannan, CAO Yanyan, CHEN Youyuan, ZHANG Yongping. A New Melon Cultivar‘Tianmi 20’ [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2023, 50(6): 1385-1386.
[7]	ZHANG Huijun, YUAN Yushu, ZHANG Yan, WU Qibo, DAI Zuyun. A New Melon Cultivar‘Huaitian 1’ [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2023, 50(3): 689-690.
[8]	WANG Xiqing, JIA Yunhe, YAN Wen, FU Yongkai, YOU Haibo, LI Dongyan, ZHAO Jingchao. A New Watermelon Cultivar‘Longsheng Jiali’with High Resistance to Fusarium Wilt [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2023, 50(2): 455-456.
[9]	YIN Lijuan, WANG Chunxia, LI Chenhao, DING Xiaoling, PAN Xiaona, YU Rong, MA Hanyue, CHEN Xiuhong, YANG Jianqiang, ZHANG Xian, and WEI Chunhua, . Screening and Phenotypic Analysis of EMS Induced Mutants in Watermelon [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2023, 50(11): 2401-2416.
[10]	HE Yanjun, LI Yulin, WANG Yuhuan, FAN Min. A New Watermelon Cultivar‘Fenghua 18’ [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2023, 50(10): 2299-2300.
[11]	TIAN Hongmei, LIU Juan, ZHANG Changkun, TAO Zhen, ZHANG Jian, and WANG Pengcheng, . A New Pumpkin Cultivar‘Wanzhen 6’for Melon Rootstock [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2022, 49(S2): 127-128.
[12]	HU Jianbin, YUAN Shengkai, MA Qiang, ZHANG Baojin, SUN Zhongwei, LI Qiong, HE Yingyue, LIU Xiaoyun, YANG Luming, ZHU Huayu, MA Zhiwei, SUN Shouru, and MA Changsheng, . A New Melon Cultivar‘Yutianmi’with Tolerance to Low Temperature [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2022, 49(S2): 163-164.
[13]	WEI Yuhong, LU Xiaolu, HUANG Yun, MA Yinghua, FAN Jinghua, and TIAN Jiaxi. A New Netted Muskmelon Cultivar‘Huami 303’ [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2022, 49(S2): 165-166.
[14]	KANG Liyun, ZHAO Weixing, GAO Ningning, LI Xiaohui, CHANG Gaozheng, LIANG Shen, XU Xiaoli, LI Hailun, and WANG Huiying. A New Netted Muskmelon Cultivar‘Xinglongmi 6’ [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2022, 49(S2): 167-168.
[15]	ZHU Xuejie, ZHU Zhonghou, ZHU Zhenzhen, and GUO Dalong, . A New Melon Cultivar‘Baipicui’ [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2022, 49(S1): 105-106.