Pollen Chromosome Doubling of Ehretia macrophylla Induced by High Temperature

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2024-0788

Acta Horticulturae Sinica ›› 2025, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (10): 2666-2676.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2024-0788

• Genetic & Breeding·Germplasm Resources·Molecular Biology • Previous Articles Next Articles

Pollen Chromosome Doubling of Ehretia macrophylla Induced by High Temperature

ZHANG Yu¹^,², GENG Xining², PENG Chaofeng²^,³, LI Meiyu², QI Shuaizheng², YANG Yingjun¹^,^*(), CHENG Shiping²^,^*()

¹ College of Horticulture and Plant Protection，Henan University of Science and Technology，Luoyang，Henan 471000，China
² Henan Province Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Eco-economic Woody Plant，School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering，Pingdingshan University，Pingdingshan，Henan 467000，China
³ College of Agriculture，Henan University of Science and Technology，Luoyang，Henan 471000，China

Received:2024-11-24 Revised:2025-06-27 Online:2025-10-25 Published:2025-10-28
Contact: YANG Yingjun, CHENG Shiping

Abstract

Abstract:

In present study，flower buds of Ehretia macrophylla were selected as the experimental material. The meiotic process of microspores of E. macrophylla was investigated. The optimal conditions for inducing pollen chromosome doubling by high-temperature exposure were identified and in order to establish technique for high temperature-induced pollen chromosome doubling in E. macrophylla. The anthers of E. macrophyllawere dropped with acetocarmine solution and placed under a microscope to observe the process of meiosis. On the basis of clarifying the meiosis process of pollen mother cells flower buds in meiotic prophase Ⅰ to high temperatures of 38，40 and 42 ℃ with 4 hours treatment. The findings indicated that the meiosis process of pollen mother cells in E. macrophylla mostly concentrated when the longitudinal diameter of flower buds was 2.0-4.0 mm and there was obvious asynchrony. When the longitudinal diameter of the flower buds was between 2.0-3.0 mm，76.5% of the flower buds of E. macrophylla were in the premeiotic stage Ⅰ，when the longitudinal diameter of the flower buds was between 3.6-4.0 mm，meiosis basically completed，indicating that there was a significant correlation between the longitudinal diameter of the flower buds and meiosis of pollen mother cells. When the longitudinal diameter of the flower bud is between 2.6-3.0 mm in which pollen mother cells were at the packytene to diplotene stage，a high rate of 2n pollen（15.14%）were obtained after 4 h treatment at 42 ℃.

Key words: Ehretia macrophylla, high temperature induction, chromosome doubling, meiosis, 2n pollen

ZHANG Yu, GENG Xining, PENG Chaofeng, LI Meiyu, QI Shuaizheng, YANG Yingjun, CHENG Shiping. Pollen Chromosome Doubling of Ehretia macrophylla Induced by High Temperature[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2025, 52(10): 2666-2676.

Figures/Tables 7

References 50

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减数分裂时期 Meiotic stage	花蕾纵径/mm Flower bud longitudinal diameter
减数分裂时期 Meiotic stage	2.0 ~ 2.5	2.6 ~ 3.0	3.1 ~ 3.5	3.6 ~ 4.0
花粉母细胞 PMC stage	24
细线期 Leptotene	39	12
粗线期 Pachytene	20	23
双线期 Diplotene	11	17	1
终变期 Diakinesis	5	26	5
中期Ⅰ Metaphase Ⅰ	1	11	14	1
后期Ⅰ Anaphase Ⅰ		2	17	1
末期Ⅰ Telophase Ⅰ		9	15	3
中期Ⅱ Metaphase Ⅱ			13	7
后期Ⅱ Anaphase Ⅱ			11	3
末期Ⅱ Telophase Ⅱ			16	9
四分体 Tetrad			6	37
小孢子 Microspore			2	39

减数分裂时期 Meiotic stage	花蕾纵径/mm Flower bud longitudinal diameter
减数分裂时期 Meiotic stage	2.0 ~ 2.5	2.6 ~ 3.0	3.1 ~ 3.5	3.6 ~ 4.0
花粉母细胞 PMC stage	24
细线期 Leptotene	39	12
粗线期 Pachytene	20	23
双线期 Diplotene	11	17	1
终变期 Diakinesis	5	26	5
中期Ⅰ Metaphase Ⅰ	1	11	14	1
后期Ⅰ Anaphase Ⅰ		2	17	1
末期Ⅰ Telophase Ⅰ		9	15	3
中期Ⅱ Metaphase Ⅱ			13	7
后期Ⅱ Anaphase Ⅱ			11	3
末期Ⅱ Telophase Ⅱ			16	9
四分体 Tetrad			6	37
小孢子 Microspore			2	39

花蕾纵径/mm Flower buds longitudinal diameter	减数分裂时期 Meiotic stage	处理温度/℃ Temperature	观察花粉总数 Total number of pollen	2n花粉总数 The number of 2n pollen	2n花粉诱导率/% Induction rates of 2n pollen
2.0 ~ 2.5	花粉母细胞—细线期 PMC stage-leptotene	38	838	50	5.96 ± 0.82
		40	676	60	8.89 ± 1.66
		42	842	62	7.41 ± 0.47
2.0 ~ 2.5	细线期—粗线期 Leptotene-pachytene	38	808	76	9.51 ± 0.59
		40	889	84	9.50 ± 1.72
		42	608	72	11.82 ± 2.37
2.6 ~ 3.0	粗线期—双线期 Pachytene-diplotene	38	797	91	11.43 ± 0.44
		40	698	87	12.24 ± 0.45
		42	709	102	15.14 ± 1.90
2.6 ~ 3.0	双线期—终变期 Diplotene-diakinesis	38	689	71	10.29 ± 0.48
		40	665	67	10.00 ± 1.48
		42	811	103	12.91 ± 0.81
对照Control	—	—	796	0	0

花蕾纵径/mm Flower buds longitudinal diameter	减数分裂时期 Meiotic stage	处理温度/℃ Temperature	观察花粉总数 Total number of pollen	2n花粉总数 The number of 2n pollen	2n花粉诱导率/% Induction rates of 2n pollen
2.0 ~ 2.5	花粉母细胞—细线期 PMC stage-leptotene	38	838	50	5.96 ± 0.82
		40	676	60	8.89 ± 1.66
		42	842	62	7.41 ± 0.47
2.0 ~ 2.5	细线期—粗线期 Leptotene-pachytene	38	808	76	9.51 ± 0.59
		40	889	84	9.50 ± 1.72
		42	608	72	11.82 ± 2.37
2.6 ~ 3.0	粗线期—双线期 Pachytene-diplotene	38	797	91	11.43 ± 0.44
		40	698	87	12.24 ± 0.45
		42	709	102	15.14 ± 1.90
2.6 ~ 3.0	双线期—终变期 Diplotene-diakinesis	38	689	71	10.29 ± 0.48
		40	665	67	10.00 ± 1.48
		42	811	103	12.91 ± 0.81
对照Control	—	—	796	0	0

变异来源 Source of variation	df	F值 F value	P
减数分裂时期 Meiotic stage	3	27.763	0^**
温度Temperature	2	11.599	0^**
减数分裂时期 × 温度 Meiotic stage × Temperature	6	3.724	0.08

Pollen Chromosome Doubling of Ehretia macrophylla Induced by High Temperature

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