The Advances of Callose Synthase in Plant

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2020-0379

Acta Horticulturae Sinica ›› 2021, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (4): 661-675.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2020-0379

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The Advances of Callose Synthase in Plant

ZHANG Qingwen, WANG Zhaohao, QI Jingjing, XIE Yu, LEI Tiangang, He Yongrui, CHEN Shanchun(), YAO Lixiao()

Citrus Research Institute,Southwest University/Chinese Academy of Agricultrural Sciences; National Center for Citrus Varieties Improvement,Chongqing 400712,China

Received:2020-11-02 Online:2021-04-25 Published:2021-04-29
Contact: CHEN Shanchun,YAO Lixiao E-mail:chenshanchun@cric.cn;yaolixiao@cric.cn

Abstract

Abstract:

Callose is a β-1,3-glucan polymer,which is deposited during plant growth and development,biotic and abiotic stresses. Callose synthase,also known as β-1,3-glucan synthase like,usually controls the synthesis of callose in the form of multi-subunit complexes. The isolation and identification process of callose synthase,the subunits of the callose synthase complex and their roles are described in the review. The processes of callose synthase gene regulated by transcription factors,plant growth regulator and others are highlighted. In addition,the function of callose synthase under abiotic stresses（wound,phosphate,metal ions,etc.）and biotic stresses（pests,bacteria,fungi,etc.） are summarized. Finally,the research direction of callose synthase in future is discussed. The related content would be helpful for illuminating regulating mechanism of callose synthase and searching for resistance genes in plant（especially horticultural plants）.

Key words: callose, callose synthase, growth and development, stress response, regulation mechanism

CLC Number:

ZHANG Qingwen, WANG Zhaohao, QI Jingjing, XIE Yu, LEI Tiangang, He Yongrui, CHEN Shanchun, YAO Lixiao. The Advances of Callose Synthase in Plant[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2021, 48(4): 661-675.

Figures/Tables 3

Table 1 Gene and protein characteristics of plant callose synthase

物种 Species	数量 Number	开放阅读框/bp Open reading frame	内含子数 Intron number	外显子数 Exon number	编码氨基酸数 Amino acid number	相对分子质量/kD Relative molecular weight	文献 Reference
拟南芥 A rabidopsis thaliana	12	5 307 ~ 5 853	1 ~ 49	2 ~ 50	1 768 ~ 1950	205.00 ~ 226.00	Hong et al.2001a
甜橙Citrus sinensis	9/12	1 509 ~ 7 602	0 ~ 109	1 ~ 110	502 ~ 2533	186.53 ~ 581.38	Granato et al.2019;彭蕴等,2019
油菜 Brassica napus	32	1 812 ~ 6 915	0 ~ 54	1 ~ 55	603 ~ 2304	69.10 ~ 266.81	Liu et al.2018
葡萄Vitis vinifera	8	3 867 ~ 6 159	9 ~ 48	10 ~ 49	1 288 ~ 2052	149.96 ~ 237.77	Yu et al.2016
小立碗藓 Physcomitrella patens	12	5 268 ~ 5 901			1 755 ~ 1966		Schuette et al.2009
大麦 Hordeum vulgare	7	627 ~ 5 748			208 ~ 1915	23.50 ~ 218.00	Li et al.2003;Schober et al.2009
辣椒Capsicum annuum	9	5 265 ~ 6 393	2 ~ 51	3 ~ 52	1 754 ~ 2130		Sun et al.2018

Fig. 1 Hypothetical model of the callose synthase complex（Verma & Hong, 2002） SuSy:Sucrose synthase;UGT:UDP-glucose transferase;Rop1:Rho-like protein;ANN:Annexin.

Fig. 2 Signal pathways to regulate callosesynthase（CalS） Yellow is the transcription factor,green is the plant growth regulator,pink is callosesynthase. ARF7:Auxin response factor 7;ARF17:Auxin response factor 17;AFBs:Auxin signaling F-Box protein;BPH14:Brown planthopper resistance 14;BAK1:Lrr-rk brassinosteroid receptor 1-associated kinase 1;BIK1:Botrytis-induced kinase 1;CDPK:Calcium-dependent protein kinases;CML41:Calmodulin-like 41;COI1:Coronatine-insensitive protein 1;EDS1:Enhanced disease susceptibility 1;FLS2:Flagellin sensing 2;ICS1:Isochorismate synthase 1;I3CA:Indole-3-caboxylic acid;NCED3:9′-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase;NPR1:Nonexpressor of pathogenesis-related genes 1;OCP3:Cationic peroxidase 3;PAD4:Phytoalexin deficient 4;PKL:Pickle;PR2:Pathogenesis-related protein 2;RBOH:Respiratory burst oxidase homologue;SVL:Short vegetative phase-like;TTP:Tristetraproline;TIR1:Transport inhibitor response 1.

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The Advances of Callose Synthase in Plant

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