Abstract: Hybridization with Paeonia lutea has been conducted in ten years. Three hundred and thirty-three progenies were obtained from total 111 cross combinations with which P. lutea as crossing parents including infrasubsectional hybridization，intersubsectional hybridization and intersectional hybridization between Sect. Moutan and Sect. Paeon. Results showed that：（1）The number of seeds and seedlings of infrasubsectional hybridization in Paeonia subsect. Delavayanae are the highest，but the ornamental characters of the hybrid progenies are not optimal；In intersubsectional hybridization，generally P. lutea has better cross compatibility with species of simple flower types，and the hybrid progenies possess excellent ornamental characters；The emergence rate of intersectional hybridization is very low. （2）Observation of the pollen-stigma interaction showed that incompatible pollen cause callose reaction in pollen tube and stigma.（3）Through observation of morphological characteristics，it was found thatmorphological identification standards of intersubsectional hybridization can be established by leathery floral disc，carpel covered with hairs and widened leaf lobe.

Key words: Paeonia lutea, distant hybridization, cross compatibility, morphological identification