Recent Advances on Self-incompatibility Mechanism in Fruit Trees

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2020-0425

Acta Horticulturae Sinica ›› 2021, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (4): 759-777.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2020-0425

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Recent Advances on Self-incompatibility Mechanism in Fruit Trees

HE Min, GU Chao, WU Juyou, ZHANG Shaoling()

Pear Engineering and Technology Research Center,State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement,College of Horticulture,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China

Received:2020-08-14 Online:2021-04-25 Published:2021-04-29
Contact: ZHANG Shaoling E-mail:nnzsl@njau.edu.cn

Abstract

Abstract:

Self-incompatibility is a genetic mechanism which inhibits self-crossing and promotes out-crossing in flowering plants. Apple,pear,and other fruit trees exhibit the typical gametophytic self-incompatibility that is determined by the multiple alleles（S-allele）at a single locus（S-locus）containing at least two genes. One is the stylar-S determinant that is determined by the S-RNase gene,while the other is the pollen-S determinant that may be controlled by one or multiple F-box genes. The research progress of gametophytic self-incompatibility in Rosaceae and Rutaceae fruit trees is introduced as follows:the discovery of the male and female determinants,the mechanism of self-incompatibility mutation,S-RNase-mediated pollen tube signal transduction,and the application of self-incompatibility mutation in new variety breeding. These information is available for the studies of gametophytic self-incompatibility in future.

Key words: fruit tree, gametophytic self-incompatibility, S-RNase, pollen F-box

CLC Number:

HE Min, GU Chao, WU Juyou, ZHANG Shaoling. Recent Advances on Self-incompatibility Mechanism in Fruit Trees[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2021, 48(4): 759-777.

Figures/Tables 5

Fig. 1 The basic structure of S-RNase and SFB in Rosaceae fruit trees A: The basic structure of S-Rnase inPyrus and Malus（Li Tianzhong et al.2011）;B:The basic structure of S-Rnase in Prunus（Wu et al.2013）; C:SFB gene structure ofPrunus（Wu et al.2013）.

Fig. 2 S-RNase mediates the signal transduction process of pear pollen tube During the self-incompatible reaction,S-RNase is transported into the pollen tube,triggers RNA and nuclei degradation,mitochondria collapse,specifically disrupts tiplocalized ROS of incompatible pollen tube. Thus the pollen tube plasma membrane Ca2+ current decreases. It can also depolymerizes the actin cytoskeleton,finally causes the pollen tube programmed cell death. At the same time,the pollen tube initiates a defense mechanism to delay the process of programmed cell death by increasing phosphatidic acid.

Fig. 3 S-RNase mediates the signal transduction process of apple pollen tube A:Normal growth of pollen tubes in the early stage of self-incompatibility（SI）reaction. B:Self-incompatibility reaction causes pollen tube growth rejection. MdCaMBP:Malus × domasticacalmodulin-binding protein;ROS:Reactive oxygen species;JA:Jasmonic acid;MdMYC:Malus × domasticamyelocytomatosis protein;MdD1:Malus × domastica gamma-thionin protein;tRNA:transfer RNA;PPi:Pyrophosphate;Mdppa:Malus×domastica inorganic pyrophosphatase;MdMVG:Malus × domastica actin-binding protein;MdROP8:Malus × domasticasmall GTP binding protein;MdABCF:Malus × domastica ATP-binding cassette transporter;SC:Self-compatibility.

Fig. 4 Evolution process of citrus self-compatibility（Liang Mei,2019） SI:Self-incompatible;SC:Self-compatible. The red,blue,and purple arrows drawn in this figure represent the hybridization process between the two parents. The mutatedS gene Sm-RNase makes mandarin appear to be self-compatible,and is retained in other hybrids through gene penetration and interspecific hybridization. The progeny hybrids can fix the trait of self-compatibility through selfing or apomixis and this is the reason why most citrus cultivars are self-compatible.

Fig. 5 Flowchart for creating self-fruitful pear germplasm by using mutant materials（Qi Yangjie,2011）

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Recent Advances on Self-incompatibility Mechanism in Fruit Trees

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