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园艺学报 ›› 2008, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (12): 1809-1814.

• 研究简报 • 上一篇    下一篇

同源四倍体胡萝卜的减数分裂行为观察

裴红霞;庄飞云*;欧承刚;赵志伟   

  1. (中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所,北京100081)
  • 收稿日期:2008-08-06 修回日期:2008-11-03 出版日期:2008-12-25 发布日期:2008-12-25
  • 通讯作者: 庄飞云

Meiosis of Pollen Mother Cells of Autotetraploid Carrot

PEI Hong-xia,ZHUANG Fei-yun*,OU Cheng-gang,and ZHAO Zhi-wei
  

  1. (Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China)
  • Received:2008-08-06 Revised:2008-11-03 Online:2008-12-25 Published:2008-12-25
  • Contact: ZHUANG Fei-yun

摘要: 以花药培养获得的同源四倍体胡萝卜(2n=4x=36)植株为试材,对其花粉母细胞减数分裂行为观察,发现其与正常二倍体胡萝卜存在较大差异:前减数分裂间期及前期Ⅰ发现部分花粉母细胞具有多核仁现象;终变期、中期Ⅰ除二价体外,还观察到单价体及多价体联会形式;中期Ⅰ、中期Ⅱ,分别有23.00%和32.29%细胞存在一些染色体(1~6条)未排在赤道板上;中期Ⅰ染色体平均构型为0.86Ⅰ+4.01Ⅱ+2.99Ⅲ+1.89Ⅳ+0.81Ⅴ+1.09Ⅵ;后期Ⅰ、后期Ⅱ均观察到落后染色体或染色体桥现象,以及染色体分离多极化现象。由于其异常减数分裂行为,造成了四倍体胡萝卜的配子多样化,花粉畸形,育性低。

关键词: 胡萝卜, 同源四倍体, 减数分裂

Abstract: Chromosomes behaviors of pollen mother cells (PMCs) of autotetraploid carrot (2n=4x=36) were observed using enzymes digestion technique. There were more than two nucleoli in about 4.58% PMCs at premeiotic interphase and prophaseⅠ. Besides bivalents, univalents and multivalents were observed at diakinesis and metaphaseⅠ. Some chromosomes (about 1 to 6) were found not to rank on the metaphase plate in about 23.0% PMCs at metaphaseⅠand 32.3% PMCs at metaphaseⅡ, respectively. The average chromosome configuration was 0.86Ⅰ+4.01Ⅱ+2.99Ⅲ+1.89Ⅳ+0.81Ⅴ+1.09Ⅵ. Chromosome lagging, chromosome bridge and spindle mis-orientation were also observed. Abnormal chromosome behavior of PMCs was reason for polymorphism of male gametophytes and lower fertility of pollen in autotetraploid carrot.

Key words: carrot, autotetraploid, meiosis

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