马铃薯氮素诊断研究进展

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0738

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以氮素诊断技术发展为主线，系统地综述了马铃薯氮素诊断的研究进展，评述了国内外马铃薯氮素诊断方法研究及应用现状，比较了基于植株和土壤的氮素诊断方法的优势与不足，为马铃薯氮素精准管理研究和应用提供理论参考。构建低成本、空间覆盖全的氮素诊断体系，结合植株和土壤的氮素状态精准施氮是精准田间管理的有效手段。

关键词: 马铃薯, 氮肥, 遥感, 精准农业, 氮素诊断

Abstract:

Based on the development law of nitrogen diagnosis technology，this paper systematically reviewed the research progress of potato nitrogen diagnosis，reviewed the research and application status of potato nitrogen diagnosis methods at home and abroad，and compared the advantages and disadvantages of nitrogen diagnosis methods based on plant and soil，so as to provide theoretical reference for the research and application of potato nitrogen precision management. At present，it is an effective means of precise field management to construct a low-cost，spatial coverage nitrogen diagnosis system and further combine the nitrogen status of plants and soil with precise nitrogen application.

Key words: potato, nitrogen fertilizer, remote sensing, precision agriculture, nitrogen diagnosis

李爽, 林永鑫, 秦军红, 李广存, 金黎平, 刘建刚, 卞春松. 马铃薯氮素诊断研究进展[J]. 园艺学报, 2024, 51(10): 2449-2468.

LI Shuang, LIN Yongxin, QIN Junhong, LI Guangcun, JIN Liping, LIU Jiangang, BIAN Chunsong. Research Progress in Potato Nitrogen Diagnosis[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2024, 51(10): 2449-2468.

图/表 3

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诊断指标 Diagnosis index	波长/植被指数 Wavelength/vegetation index	参考文献 Reference
全氮或氮营养指数 N or NNI	—	Abdallah et al.,2016；Giletto et al.,2020；Zhou et al.,2022
叶绿素含量 Chlorophyll content	—	Botha et al.,2007；Abdallah et al.,2018；卓伟等,2020
叶柄硝酸盐浓度 Petiole nitrate concentration	—	MacMurdo et al.,1988；Vos & Bom,1993；Vitosh & Silva,1994；Errebhi et al.,1998；Bélanger et al.,2003；Wu et al.,2007；Zhou et al.,2022
叶片组织基因表达量 Leaf tissue gene expression	—	Zebarth et al.,2011；Tai & Zebarth,2015
SPAD	650和940 nm、710和850 nm、485 nm，560 nm，660 nm，830和1 650 nm	Vos & Bom,1993；Wu et al.,2007；Fernandes et al.,2021；Yang et al.,2022
叶绿素荧光 Chlorophyll fluorescence	—	Cartelat et al.,2005；Mauromicale et al.,2006；Buschmann,2007；Coelho et al.,2012；Abdallah et al.,2018
数码参数 Digital parameter	R/B、G/B	李井会等,2012；魏全全等,2021；Fan et al.,2022
植被指数 Vegetation index	NDVI、PVI、GNDVI、SAVI、MSAVI、TSAVI、RGFI、GRVI	Wu et al.,2007；Nigon et al.,2013；Yang et al.,2022
高光谱反射率 Hyperspectral reflection	400 ~ 2 350 nm、400 ~ 1 000 nm	Liu et al.,2021b；Zhou et al.,2022
高光谱变换光谱 Hyperspectral transform spectrum	—	高兴,2018；樊意广等,2022

诊断指标 Diagnosis index	波长/植被指数 Wavelength/vegetation index	参考文献 Reference
全氮或氮营养指数 N or NNI	—	Abdallah et al.,2016；Giletto et al.,2020；Zhou et al.,2022
叶绿素含量 Chlorophyll content	—	Botha et al.,2007；Abdallah et al.,2018；卓伟等,2020
叶柄硝酸盐浓度 Petiole nitrate concentration	—	MacMurdo et al.,1988；Vos & Bom,1993；Vitosh & Silva,1994；Errebhi et al.,1998；Bélanger et al.,2003；Wu et al.,2007；Zhou et al.,2022
叶片组织基因表达量 Leaf tissue gene expression	—	Zebarth et al.,2011；Tai & Zebarth,2015
SPAD	650和940 nm、710和850 nm、485 nm，560 nm，660 nm，830和1 650 nm	Vos & Bom,1993；Wu et al.,2007；Fernandes et al.,2021；Yang et al.,2022
叶绿素荧光 Chlorophyll fluorescence	—	Cartelat et al.,2005；Mauromicale et al.,2006；Buschmann,2007；Coelho et al.,2012；Abdallah et al.,2018
数码参数 Digital parameter	R/B、G/B	李井会等,2012；魏全全等,2021；Fan et al.,2022
植被指数 Vegetation index	NDVI、PVI、GNDVI、SAVI、MSAVI、TSAVI、RGFI、GRVI	Wu et al.,2007；Nigon et al.,2013；Yang et al.,2022
高光谱反射率 Hyperspectral reflection	400 ~ 2 350 nm、400 ~ 1 000 nm	Liu et al.,2021b；Zhou et al.,2022
高光谱变换光谱 Hyperspectral transform spectrum	—	高兴,2018；樊意广等,2022

诊断方法 Diagnostic methods	检测指标 Testing index	参考文献 Reference
杜马斯燃烧法、凯氏定氮法Dumas combustion method，Kjeldahl nitrogen determination method	土壤全氮Soil total nitrogen	张薇等,2015；秦琳等,2020
土壤硝酸盐诊断、矿质氮诊断Soil nitrate diagnosis，Mineral nitrogen diagnosis	土壤硝酸盐、土壤矿质氮Soil nitrate， Soil mineral nitrogen	Bélanger et al.,2001；Sharifi et al.,2007
长期氧化培养法 Long-term oxidation culture method	可矿化氮Mineralizable nitrogen	Sharifi et al.,2007
光谱分析法Spectral analysis	土壤速效氮、土壤全氮、土壤有机质 Soil available nitrogen，Soil total nitrogen，Soil organic matter	彭玉魁等,1998；郑立华等,2010；韩亚鲁等,2021；Gao et al.,2023；Zhang et al.,2023
孵化法Hatching method	土壤硝态氮Soil nitrate nitrogen	Maas,1968
离子选择电极Ion-selective electrode	土壤硝态氮Soil nitrate nitrogen	Li et al.,2019b
离子交换树脂膜 Ion exchange resin membrane	土壤矿质氮Soil mineral nitrogen	Qian & Schoenau,1994；Pare et al.,1995；Sharifi et al.,2009
放射性同位素示踪法 Radioisotope tracing method	¹⁵N	Lavrent’eva & Pomazkina,1999；Jiao et al.,2013
放射性核素监测Radionuclide monitoring	土壤全氮Soil total nitrogen	Taylor et al.,2023
热裂解 + 嗅觉系统 Thermal cracking + olfactory system	土壤全氮Soil total nitrogen	Liu et al.,2021a

诊断方法 Diagnostic methods	检测指标 Testing index	参考文献 Reference
杜马斯燃烧法、凯氏定氮法Dumas combustion method，Kjeldahl nitrogen determination method	土壤全氮Soil total nitrogen	张薇等,2015；秦琳等,2020
土壤硝酸盐诊断、矿质氮诊断Soil nitrate diagnosis，Mineral nitrogen diagnosis	土壤硝酸盐、土壤矿质氮Soil nitrate， Soil mineral nitrogen	Bélanger et al.,2001；Sharifi et al.,2007
长期氧化培养法 Long-term oxidation culture method	可矿化氮Mineralizable nitrogen	Sharifi et al.,2007
光谱分析法Spectral analysis	土壤速效氮、土壤全氮、土壤有机质 Soil available nitrogen，Soil total nitrogen，Soil organic matter	彭玉魁等,1998；郑立华等,2010；韩亚鲁等,2021；Gao et al.,2023；Zhang et al.,2023
孵化法Hatching method	土壤硝态氮Soil nitrate nitrogen	Maas,1968
离子选择电极Ion-selective electrode	土壤硝态氮Soil nitrate nitrogen	Li et al.,2019b
离子交换树脂膜 Ion exchange resin membrane	土壤矿质氮Soil mineral nitrogen	Qian & Schoenau,1994；Pare et al.,1995；Sharifi et al.,2009
放射性同位素示踪法 Radioisotope tracing method	¹⁵N	Lavrent’eva & Pomazkina,1999；Jiao et al.,2013
放射性核素监测Radionuclide monitoring	土壤全氮Soil total nitrogen	Taylor et al.,2023
热裂解 + 嗅觉系统 Thermal cracking + olfactory system	土壤全氮Soil total nitrogen	Liu et al.,2021a