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园艺学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (4): 903-914.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0205

• 新技术与新方法 • 上一篇    下一篇

枣77个品种果肉愈伤组织诱导培养研究

赵若雨,郭晓雪,朱文慧,李瑞梅,赵佳雪,杜 丹,代 丽,刘志国,王立新*,刘孟军*   

  1. 河北农业大学园艺学院,河北保定 071001
  • 出版日期:2024-04-25 发布日期:2024-04-26
  • 基金资助:
    河北省引进留学人员资助项目(C20210114);河北省教育厅科学技术研究项目(QN2022017);河北省省属高校基本科研业务费研究项目(KY2021059);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资助(CARS-30-2-07)

Induction and Cultivation of 77 Jujube Cultivars Pulp Callus

ZHAO Ruoyu,GUO Xiaoxue,ZHU Wenhui,LI Ruimei,ZHAO Jiaxue,DU Dan,DAI Li,LIU Zhiguo,WANG Lixin*,and LIU Mengjun*   

  1. College of Horticulture,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding,Hebei 071001,China
  • Published:2024-04-25 Online:2024-04-26

摘要: 果肉愈伤组织的大量培养可为悬浮细胞体系的建立、原生质体的分离与培养、遗传转化体系的建立及次生代谢产物的研究提供物质基础。以5个发育阶段的枣果肉为试材,共计77个枣品种,选用10种培养基进行枣果肉愈伤组织诱导研究。结果表明,基因型、果实发育阶段、培养基种类及其植物生长调节剂配比对枣果肉愈伤组织诱导效果均具有显著影响。在启动培养阶段,有42个品种分别筛选出1 ~ 6种可诱导出愈伤组织的培养基;有8种培养基可以成功诱导出愈伤组织,其中G1(4.41 g • L-1 MS + 6 g • L-1 琼脂 + 20 g • L-1蔗糖 + 0.5 mg • L-1 6-BA + 2.5 mg • L-1 2,4-D)和G7(4.41 g • L-1 MS + 6 g • L-1琼脂 + 20 g • L-1蔗糖 + 0.8 mg • L-1 6-BA + 1.5 mg • L-1 2,4-D)培养基的适用性最高,达60%,其次为G5(4.41 g • L-1 MS + 6 g • L-1琼脂 + 20 g • L-1蔗糖 + 1.0 mg • L-1 6-BA + 2.0 mg • L-1 2,4-D),达45%;幼果最适于果肉愈伤组织培养,88%的品种可成功诱导出愈伤组织,随着果实成熟,果肉愈伤组织越不易诱导,在完全成熟的全红期只有‘圆铃小枣’成功诱导出愈伤组织。在继代培养阶段,有22个品种的愈伤组织实现了持续继代培养,适宜的培养基有G1(4.41 g • L-1 MS + 6 g • L-1琼脂 + 20 g • L-1蔗糖 + 0.5 mg • L-1 6-BA + 2.5 mg • L-1 2,4-D)、G3(4.41 g • L-1 MS + 6 g • L-1 琼脂 + 20 g • L-1蔗糖 + 1.0 mg • L-1 6-BA + 1.0 mg • L-1 2,4-D)、G5(4.41 g • L-1 MS + 6 g • L-1 琼脂 + 20 g • L-1 蔗糖 + 1.0 mg • L-1 6-BA + 2.0 mg • L-1 2,4-D)、G6(4.41 g • L-1 MS + 6 g • L-1 琼脂 + 20 g • L-1 蔗糖 + 3.0 mg • L-1 TDZ + 0.5 mg • L-1 NAA)、G7(4.41 g • L-1 MS + 6 g • L-1琼脂 + 20 g • L-1蔗糖 + 0.8 mg • L-1 6-BA + 1.5 mg • L-1 2,4-D)、G9(4.41 g • L-1 MS + 6 g • L-1琼脂 + 20 g • L-1蔗糖 + 0.5 mg • L-1 NAA + 1.0 mg • L-1 6-BA)和G10(4.41 g • L-1 MS + 6 g • L-1琼脂 + 25 g • L-1蔗糖 + 0.4 mg • L-1 6-BA + 1.5 mg • L-1 2,4-D);改变植物生长调节剂配比可以显著提高愈伤继代效果。此外,在启动培养阶段,有极少量的品种,如‘无核72’和‘临猗梨枣’可以直接诱导出芽。

关键词: 枣, 愈伤组织, 果肉培养, 植物生长调节剂

Abstract: Mass culture of pulp callus can provide material basis for the establishment of suspension cell system,the isolation and culture of protoplasts,the establishment of genetic transformation system and the study of secondary metabolites. In this study,10 media were selected to study callus induction of jujube pulp from 77 jujube cultivars at five developmental stages. The results showed that the genotypes,fruit development stages,medium type and the proportion of growth regulators had significant effects on the callus induction. At the initial cultivating stage,one to six kinds of medium were screened which were suitable for callus induction for 42 cultivars. There were eight kinds of media that can successfully induce callus,among which G1(4.41 g • L-1 MS + 6 g • L-1 agar + 20 g • L-1 sucrose + 0.5 mg • L-1 6-BA + 2.5 mg • L-1 2,4-D)and G7(4.41 g • L-1 MS + 6 g • L-1 agar + 20 g • L-1 sucrose + 0.8 mg • L-1 6-BA + 1.5 mg • L-1 2,4-D)medium had the highest applicability,up to 60%,followed by G5(4.41 g • L-1 MS + 6 g • L-1 agar + 20 g • L-1 sucrose + 1.0 mg • L-1 6-BA + 2.0 mg • L-1 2,4-D),up to 45%. Young fruits were the most suitable for pulp callus induction and cultivation,and the successful rate of cultivars reached 88%. In addition,the closer the fruit was to maturity,the more difficult the pulp callus cultivation was. Among them,only‘Yuanling Xiaozao’pulp at the whole red stage could be successfully induced callus. At the sub-cultivation stage,22 cultivars pulp callus were achieved subcultivition,and the appropriate medium was G1(4.41 g • L-1 MS + 6 g • L-1 agar + 20 g • L-1 sucrose + 0.5 mg • L-1 6-BA + 2.5 mg • L-1 2,4-D),G3(4.41 g • L-1 MS + 6 g • L-1 agar + 20 g • L-1 sucrose + 1.0 mg • L-1 6-BA + 1.0 mg • L-1 2,4-D),G5(4.41 g • L-1 MS + 6 g • L-1 agar + 20 g • L-1 sucrose + 1.0 mg • L-1 6-BA + 2.0 mg • L-1 2,4-D),G6(4.41 g • L-1 MS + 6 g • L-1 agar + 20 g • L-1 sucrose + 3.0 mg • L-1 TDZ + 0.5 mg • L-1 NAA),G7(4.41 g • L-1 MS + 6 g • L-1 agar + 20 g • L-1 sucrose + 0.8 mg • L-1 6-BA + 1.5 mg • L-1 2,4-D),G9(4.41 g • L-1 MS + 6 g • L-1 agar + 20 g • L-1 sucrose + 0.5 mg • L-1 NAA + 1.0 mg • L-16-BA),G10(4.41 g • L-1 MS + 6 g • L-1 agar + 25 g • L-1 sucrose + 0.4 mg • L-1 6-BA + 1.5 mg • L-1 2,4-D). The changes of hormone ratio could significantly improve the callus sub-cultivation effect at the following cultivating stage. In addition,at the initial cultivating,a very small number of cultivars such as‘Wuhe 72’and‘Linyi Lizao’could directly induce bud germination.

Key words: Chinese jujube, callus, pulp cultivation, plant growth regulator

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