楠属5种植物叶片的挥发性成分的测定

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2020-0987

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用顶空—固相微萃取和气相色谱—质谱联用技术（HS-SPME-GC-MS）测定浙江楠（Phoebe chekiangensis）、闽楠（P. bournei）、紫楠（P. sheareri）、小叶桢楠（P. zhennan f. oblong）和大叶桢楠（P. zhennan f. elliptical）叶片挥发性成分,并比较浙江楠叶片在不同季节、不同方位和不同温度下的挥发性成分差异及其日变化规律。结果表明,5种楠属植物叶片共检测出80种化合物,其中浙江楠52种、闽楠55种、紫楠41种、小叶桢楠56种、大叶桢楠46种,(+)-β-瑟林烯、3-己烯-1-醇和β-榄香烯可能为浙江楠叶片香气的特征物质。在夏季和秋季浙江楠叶片中分别鉴定出70和64种化合物,其中夏季西方位叶片成分种类最多,而秋季北方位叶片成分种类最多。正交偏最小二乘法判别分析（OPLS-DA）表明南、北方位叶片成分差异大,而东、西方位叶片成分较相似。α-古巴烯和α-葎草烯等含量在不同温度培养下的浙江楠叶片中存在显著差异,其中15和25 ℃下挥发性成分相近,而45 ℃下的成分显著区别于其他温度。挥发性成分日变化分析发现浙江楠叶片α-古巴烯、β-荜澄茄烯和γ-摩勒烯等8种物质在12：00或14：00出现高峰,而β-石竹烯、右旋大根香叶烯和β-榄香烯等10种物质在12：00或14：00最低。研究结果可为浙江楠等楠属植物精油的开发利用及以楠属植物为主体林分的森林康养提供参考。

关键词: 楠属, 浙江楠, 挥发性成分, 顶空固相微萃取, 气质联用分析法

Abstract:

The Phoebe species are valuable ornamental trees,with abundant volatile compounds in the leaves. In order to determine the dynamic changes of volatile compounds in the leaves of five Phoebe species,the headspace-solid phase microextraction（SPME）,separated and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS）. A total of 80 volatile compounds were identified from five Phoebe species,and 52,55,41,56,and 46 compounds were detected from P. chekiangensis,P. bournei, P. sheareri,P. zhennan f. oblong,and P. zhennan f. elliptical,respectively. A total of 70 and 64 volatile compounds were identified from four directions of P. chekiangensis leaves in summer and autumn,respectively. In summer,the maximum variety of compounds was detected in western leaves,while in the autumn the maximum variety was detected in northern leaves. Further,OPLS-DA analysis showed that the volatile compounds were differed between northern and southern leaves,while the western and eastern leaves shared similar compounds. Moreover,we identified six major components,including α-copaene,and α-humulene significantly diverged in leaves grown under four temperatures. In particular,the compound contents under 45 ℃ significantly differed from the other three temperatures. Additionally,the volatile components showed diurnal variation in P. chekiangensis leaves. Eight compounds including α-copaene,β-cadinene and γ-muurolene peaked at 12：00 or 14：00,while ten compounds such as β-caryophyllene,(+)-germacrene D and β-elemene had the lowest content at 12：00 or 14：00. These results provided theoretical guidance on developing and utilizing essential oils from the leaves of P. chekiangensis and other Phoebe species,and the forest rehabilitation at the Phoebe principal stand.

Key words: Phoebe, Phoebe chekiangensis, volatile components, HS-SPME, GC-MS

中图分类号:

褚洒洒, 范祥祯, 邱肇凯, 杨琪, 张毓婷, 王洋, 徐晓珊, 童再康, 张俊红. 楠属5种植物叶片的挥发性成分的测定[J]. 园艺学报, 2021, 48(8): 1552-1564.

CHU Sasa, FAN Xiangzhen, QIU Zhaokai, YANG Qi, ZHANG Yuting, WANG Yang, XU Xiaoshan, TONG Zaikang, ZHANG Junhong. Determination of Leaf Volatile Components from Five Phoebe Species[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2021, 48(8): 1552-1564.

图/表 7

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类别 Class	编号 No.	保留指数 Retention index	化合物 Compounds	相对含量/% Relative content
类别 Class	编号 No.	保留指数 Retention index	化合物 Compounds	浙江楠 P. chekian- gensis	小叶桢楠 P. zhennan f. oblong	大叶桢楠 P. zhennan f. elliptical	紫楠 P. sheareri	闽楠 P. bour- nei
萜烯类（单萜）	A1	933	蒎烯Pinene	3.37	1.44	0.88	8.25	0.44
Terpenes	A2	943	α-蒎烯α-Pinene	0.32	0.21	0.43	0.82	5.09
（monoterpene）	A3	981	β-蒎烯β-Pinene	–	–	–	–	3.57
	A4	949	莰烯Camphene	0.71	0.63	0.27	0.97	1.16
	A5	977	(-)-β-蒎烯 (-)-β-Pinene	1.48	0.62	0.45	5.82	0.27
	A6	997	月桂烯 Myrcene	0.27	0.27	–	0.57	0.54
	A7	1 007	水芹烯 Phellandrene	0.18	0.36	–	–	0.16
	A8	1 024	S-(-)-柠檬烯 S-(-)-Limonene	–	–	–	–	0.40
	A9	1 057	(+)-柠檬烯 (+)-Limonene	1.11	0.43	0.13	1.85	–
	A10	1 044	(E)-β-罗勒烯 (E)-β-Ocimene	0.18	1.66	–	–	1.14
	A11	1 054	(Z)-13,7-dimethyl-3,6-octatriene	0.20	1.59	0.37	0.45	1.46
	A12	1 093	萜品油烯 Terpinolene	–	0.11	–	0.12	–
	A13	1 134	别罗勒烯(E,Z)-2,6- Dimethylocta-2,4,6-triene	0.19	1.54	0.35	0.81	0.61
萜烯类（倍半萜） Terpenes （sesquiterpene）	A14	1 331	1-ethenyl-1-methyl-4-propan-2-ylidene-2-prop-1-en-2-ylcyclohexane	5.60	6.16	6.50	0.47	6.74
	A15	1 344	(-)-α-荜澄茄油烯 (-)-α-Cubebene	1.54	5.60	7.00	0.61	2.55
	A16	1 360	(+)-长叶环烯 (+)-Longicyclene	–	–	–	–	0.38
	A17	1 363	(+)-环苜蓿烯 (+)-Cyclosativene	–	0.41	0.60	–	–
	A18	1 370	1,2,4a,5,6,8a-hexahydro-1-isopropyl-4,7-dimethylnaphthalene	–	–	–	–	0.15
	A19	1 376	α-古巴烯 α-Copaene	7.35	19.05	22.94	2.48	12.66
	A20	1 384	β-波旁烯 β-Bourbonene	1.40	2.11	3.32	0.41	2.48
	A21	1 390	β-荜澄茄油烯 β-Cubebene	3.34	8.29	3.85	8.80	5.13
	A22	1 393	β-榄香烯β-Elemene	6.84	2.79	2.10	6.40	4.02
	A23	1 407	2,6-二甲基-6-（4-甲基- 3-戊烯基） 2,6-Dimethyl-6-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)bicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene	0.65	0.52	0.24	0.29	–
	A24	1 411	(-)-α-古芸烯 (-)-α-Gurjunene	0.35	1.64	1.09	0.64	1.31
	A25	1 418	（1S,5S）-4,6-二甲基-6- （4-甲基戊-3-烯基）双环 [3.1.1]庚-3-烯 (1S,5S)-4,6-Dimethyl-6-(4-methylpent-3-enyl)bicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-ene	0.65	0.29	0.35	3.28	–
	A26	1 422	β-石竹烯β-Caryophyllene	8.01	3.33	5.58	10.42	5.70
	A27	1 448	马兜铃烯Aristolene	2.14	1.47	2.84	0.17	2.14
	A28	1 454	γ-广藿香烯γ-Patchoulene	1.68	1.06	2.32	–	1.58
	A29	1 459	α-葎草烯α-Humulene	1.87	2.91	2.48	24.41	3.90
	A30	1 463	β-倍半水芹烯 β-Sesquiphellandrene	0.79	0.11	–	–	–
	A31	1 466	香树烯(-)-Alloaromadendrene	0.57	1.62	2.06	–	1.02
	A32	1 475	α-Himachalene	–	–	–	–	0.53
	A33	1 494	(+)-β-瑟林烯 (+)-β-Selinene	3.76	2.67	0.54	1.87	3.01
	A34	1 489	右旋大根香叶烯 (+)- Germacrene D	6.50	3.70	9.41	2.29	6.13
	A35	1 498	愈创木烯Guaiacene	3.09	1.58	0.14	0.70	1.19
	A36	1 413	(+)-γ-古芸烯 (+)-γ-Gurjunene	–	–	–	–	3.71
	A37	1 428	(-)-β-花柏烯 (-)-β-Chamigrene	–	–	–	–	2.50
	A38	1 435	γ-榄香烯γ-Elemene	–	–	–	–	0.67
	A39	1 505	1-ethenyl-1-methyl-2-(1-methylethenyl)-4-(1-methylethylidene)-cyclohexane	5.09	7.03	6.42	0.42	6.43
	A40	1 510	(+)-香橙烯 (+)-Aromadendrene	0.66	0.67	1.00	0.13	–
类别 Class	编号 No.	保留指数 Retention index	化合物 Compounds	相对含量/% Relative content
类别 Class	编号 No.	保留指数 Retention index	化合物 Compounds	浙江楠 P. chekian- gensis	小叶桢楠 P. zhennan f. oblong	大叶桢楠 P. zhennan f. elliptical	紫楠 P. sheareri	闽楠 P. bour- nei
	A41	1 490	-Azulene,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydro-1,4-dimethyl-7-(1-methylethylidene)-, (1S,4S)-	–	0.13	–	0.70	–
	A42	1 523	(+)-γ-荜澄茄烯 (+)-γ-Cadinene	–	–	–	–	0.53
	A43	1 533	δ-荜澄茄烯 δ-Cadinene	6.01	1.87	3.57	1.12	1.81
	A44	1 609	α-广藿香烯 α-Patchoulene	0.13	0.41	0.11	0.25	0.42
	A45	1 621	环氧化蛇麻烯Ⅱ Humulene1,2-epoxide	0.18	0.27	0.14	0.55	–
醛类 Aldehydes	B1	1 645	2-甲基-4-戊醛 2-Methylpent-4-enal	1.49	0.69	0.25	0.10	0.51
	B2	1 124	壬醛 Nonanal	0.13	–	–	–	0.12
	B3	1 210	癸醛 Decanal	0.17	0.35	0.27	–	–
	B4	1 305	10-十一烯醛10-Undecenal	–	–	–	–	0.13
	B5	1 310	十一醛 Undecanal	–	0.33	–	–	0.13
	B6	1 412	十二醛 Lauryl aldehyde	0.16	1.02	0.13	–	–
	B7	1 520	十四烷醛 Tetradecanal	–	–	–	0.17	–
醇类 Alcohols	C1	2 510	反式-3-己烯-1-醇 Trans-3-Hexen-1-ol	2.08	1.57	1.02	1.51	1.50
	C2	2 738	3-甲基-4-戊醇 3-Methylpent-4-en-1-ol	0.22	0.43	–	0.28	–
	C3	1 409	环十二醇Cyclododecanol	–	–	–	–	0.39
	C4	2 714	叶醇cis-3-Hexen-1-ol	0.17	–	0.36	–	–
萜烯醇类	D1	1 035	桉叶油醇 Cineole	0.10	–	–	3.97	–
Terpene alcohols	D2	1 108	芳樟醇 Linalool	0.43	–	–	–	–
	D3	1 094	橙花醇 Nerol	–	–	–	–	0.14
	D4	1 295	紫苏醇 Perillyl alcohol	–	–	–	–	0.13
	D5	1 540	α-檀香醇 α-Santalol	–	0.13	0.11	–	–
	D6	1 526	α-人参烯 α-Panasinsanene	0.11	–	–	–	–
	D7	1 584	4(15),5,10(14)-大根香叶三烯-1-醇 4(15),5,10(14)-Germacratrien-1-ol	–	0.14	0.13	–	–
	D8	1 590	桉油烯醇 Spathulenol	–	0.68	0.22	–	0.47
	D9	1 633	Β-桉叶醇 β-Eudesmol	0.16	0.10	–	–	–
	D10	1 650	1aS,4aS,7R,7aS,7bS)-1,1,7- Trimethyl-4-methylidene-1a,2,3, 4a,5,6,7a,7b-octahydrocyclopropa [h]azulen-7-ol	–	0.11	–	–	–
酯类 Esters	E1	1 027	(E)-3-己烯-1-醇乙酸酯 Trans-3-hexenyl acetate	0.26	0.21	0.54	0.49	3.57
	E2	1 028	乙酸叶醇酯 cis-3-Hexenyl acetate	–	0.10	–	–	–
萜烯酯类	F1	1 265	乙酸芳樟酯 Linalyl acetate	0.23	0.41	0.17	–	0.91
Terpene esters	F2	1 299	乙酸龙脑酯 Bornyl acetate	3.70	0.98	0.62	5.10	–
	F3	1 292	左旋乙酸冰片酯 L-Bornyl acetate	–	–	–	–	2.24
萘类 Naphthalenes	G1	1 517	(1aR)-1aβ,2,3,3a,4,5,6,7bβ- Octahydro-1,1,3aβ,7-tetramethyl- 1H-cyclopropa[a]naphthalene	1.85	0.89	1.59	0.35	–
	G2	1 542	1,2,3,4,4a,7-Hexahydro-1,6- dimethyl-4-(1-methylethyl)- naphthalene	0.35	0.30	0.29	–	0.20
	G3	1 548	1,2,4a,5,6,8a-Hexahydro-4,7- dimethyl-1-(1-methylethyl) napthtalene	0.15	0.14	0.24	0.11	0.41
	G4	1 578	(8aα)-Decahydro-1α-isopropyl- 3aα-methyl-7-methylene-4α,8α- epoxyazulene	–	0.19	0.10	–	0.42
类别 Class	编号 No.	保留指数 Retention index	化合物 Compounds	相对含量/% Relative content
类别 Class	编号 No.	保留指数 Retention index	化合物 Compounds	浙江楠 P. chekian- gensis	小叶桢楠 P. zhennan f. oblong	大叶桢楠 P. zhennan f. elliptical	紫楠 P. sheareri	闽楠 P. bour- nei
烷烃类 Alkanes	H1	1 303	正十三烷Tridecane	–	–	–	0.10	0.13
	H2	1 308	环己烷Cyclohexane	–	–	–	–	0.67
	H3	1 556	(E)-2-(6,10-Timethylundeca-1,5,9- trien-2-yl)oxirane	0.11	–	–	–	–
有机酸 Organic acid	I1	1 283	(1R,4S)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo [2.2.1]heptan-2-yl acetate	–	–	–	–	0.33
氧化物 Oxide	J1	1 595	石竹素Caryophyllene oxide	0.49	0.34	0.22	0.21	0.36

类别 Class	编号 No.	保留指数 Retention index	化合物 Compounds	相对含量/% Relative content
类别 Class	编号 No.	保留指数 Retention index	化合物 Compounds	浙江楠 P. chekian- gensis	小叶桢楠 P. zhennan f. oblong	大叶桢楠 P. zhennan f. elliptical	紫楠 P. sheareri	闽楠 P. bour- nei
萜烯类（单萜）	A1	933	蒎烯Pinene	3.37	1.44	0.88	8.25	0.44
Terpenes	A2	943	α-蒎烯α-Pinene	0.32	0.21	0.43	0.82	5.09
（monoterpene）	A3	981	β-蒎烯β-Pinene	–	–	–	–	3.57
	A4	949	莰烯Camphene	0.71	0.63	0.27	0.97	1.16
	A5	977	(-)-β-蒎烯 (-)-β-Pinene	1.48	0.62	0.45	5.82	0.27
	A6	997	月桂烯 Myrcene	0.27	0.27	–	0.57	0.54
	A7	1 007	水芹烯 Phellandrene	0.18	0.36	–	–	0.16
	A8	1 024	S-(-)-柠檬烯 S-(-)-Limonene	–	–	–	–	0.40
	A9	1 057	(+)-柠檬烯 (+)-Limonene	1.11	0.43	0.13	1.85	–
	A10	1 044	(E)-β-罗勒烯 (E)-β-Ocimene	0.18	1.66	–	–	1.14
	A11	1 054	(Z)-13,7-dimethyl-3,6-octatriene	0.20	1.59	0.37	0.45	1.46
	A12	1 093	萜品油烯 Terpinolene	–	0.11	–	0.12	–
	A13	1 134	别罗勒烯(E,Z)-2,6- Dimethylocta-2,4,6-triene	0.19	1.54	0.35	0.81	0.61
萜烯类（倍半萜） Terpenes （sesquiterpene）	A14	1 331	1-ethenyl-1-methyl-4-propan-2-ylidene-2-prop-1-en-2-ylcyclohexane	5.60	6.16	6.50	0.47	6.74
	A15	1 344	(-)-α-荜澄茄油烯 (-)-α-Cubebene	1.54	5.60	7.00	0.61	2.55
	A16	1 360	(+)-长叶环烯 (+)-Longicyclene	–	–	–	–	0.38
	A17	1 363	(+)-环苜蓿烯 (+)-Cyclosativene	–	0.41	0.60	–	–
	A18	1 370	1,2,4a,5,6,8a-hexahydro-1-isopropyl-4,7-dimethylnaphthalene	–	–	–	–	0.15
	A19	1 376	α-古巴烯 α-Copaene	7.35	19.05	22.94	2.48	12.66
	A20	1 384	β-波旁烯 β-Bourbonene	1.40	2.11	3.32	0.41	2.48
	A21	1 390	β-荜澄茄油烯 β-Cubebene	3.34	8.29	3.85	8.80	5.13
	A22	1 393	β-榄香烯β-Elemene	6.84	2.79	2.10	6.40	4.02
	A23	1 407	2,6-二甲基-6-（4-甲基- 3-戊烯基） 2,6-Dimethyl-6-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)bicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene	0.65	0.52	0.24	0.29	–
	A24	1 411	(-)-α-古芸烯 (-)-α-Gurjunene	0.35	1.64	1.09	0.64	1.31
	A25	1 418	（1S,5S）-4,6-二甲基-6- （4-甲基戊-3-烯基）双环 [3.1.1]庚-3-烯 (1S,5S)-4,6-Dimethyl-6-(4-methylpent-3-enyl)bicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-ene	0.65	0.29	0.35	3.28	–
	A26	1 422	β-石竹烯β-Caryophyllene	8.01	3.33	5.58	10.42	5.70
	A27	1 448	马兜铃烯Aristolene	2.14	1.47	2.84	0.17	2.14
	A28	1 454	γ-广藿香烯γ-Patchoulene	1.68	1.06	2.32	–	1.58
	A29	1 459	α-葎草烯α-Humulene	1.87	2.91	2.48	24.41	3.90
	A30	1 463	β-倍半水芹烯 β-Sesquiphellandrene	0.79	0.11	–	–	–
	A31	1 466	香树烯(-)-Alloaromadendrene	0.57	1.62	2.06	–	1.02
	A32	1 475	α-Himachalene	–	–	–	–	0.53
	A33	1 494	(+)-β-瑟林烯 (+)-β-Selinene	3.76	2.67	0.54	1.87	3.01
	A34	1 489	右旋大根香叶烯 (+)- Germacrene D	6.50	3.70	9.41	2.29	6.13
	A35	1 498	愈创木烯Guaiacene	3.09	1.58	0.14	0.70	1.19
	A36	1 413	(+)-γ-古芸烯 (+)-γ-Gurjunene	–	–	–	–	3.71
	A37	1 428	(-)-β-花柏烯 (-)-β-Chamigrene	–	–	–	–	2.50
	A38	1 435	γ-榄香烯γ-Elemene	–	–	–	–	0.67
	A39	1 505	1-ethenyl-1-methyl-2-(1-methylethenyl)-4-(1-methylethylidene)-cyclohexane	5.09	7.03	6.42	0.42	6.43
	A40	1 510	(+)-香橙烯 (+)-Aromadendrene	0.66	0.67	1.00	0.13	–
类别 Class	编号 No.	保留指数 Retention index	化合物 Compounds	相对含量/% Relative content
类别 Class	编号 No.	保留指数 Retention index	化合物 Compounds	浙江楠 P. chekian- gensis	小叶桢楠 P. zhennan f. oblong	大叶桢楠 P. zhennan f. elliptical	紫楠 P. sheareri	闽楠 P. bour- nei
	A41	1 490	-Azulene,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydro-1,4-dimethyl-7-(1-methylethylidene)-, (1S,4S)-	–	0.13	–	0.70	–
	A42	1 523	(+)-γ-荜澄茄烯 (+)-γ-Cadinene	–	–	–	–	0.53
	A43	1 533	δ-荜澄茄烯 δ-Cadinene	6.01	1.87	3.57	1.12	1.81
	A44	1 609	α-广藿香烯 α-Patchoulene	0.13	0.41	0.11	0.25	0.42
	A45	1 621	环氧化蛇麻烯Ⅱ Humulene1,2-epoxide	0.18	0.27	0.14	0.55	–
醛类 Aldehydes	B1	1 645	2-甲基-4-戊醛 2-Methylpent-4-enal	1.49	0.69	0.25	0.10	0.51
	B2	1 124	壬醛 Nonanal	0.13	–	–	–	0.12
	B3	1 210	癸醛 Decanal	0.17	0.35	0.27	–	–
	B4	1 305	10-十一烯醛10-Undecenal	–	–	–	–	0.13
	B5	1 310	十一醛 Undecanal	–	0.33	–	–	0.13
	B6	1 412	十二醛 Lauryl aldehyde	0.16	1.02	0.13	–	–
	B7	1 520	十四烷醛 Tetradecanal	–	–	–	0.17	–
醇类 Alcohols	C1	2 510	反式-3-己烯-1-醇 Trans-3-Hexen-1-ol	2.08	1.57	1.02	1.51	1.50
	C2	2 738	3-甲基-4-戊醇 3-Methylpent-4-en-1-ol	0.22	0.43	–	0.28	–
	C3	1 409	环十二醇Cyclododecanol	–	–	–	–	0.39
	C4	2 714	叶醇cis-3-Hexen-1-ol	0.17	–	0.36	–	–
萜烯醇类	D1	1 035	桉叶油醇 Cineole	0.10	–	–	3.97	–
Terpene alcohols	D2	1 108	芳樟醇 Linalool	0.43	–	–	–	–
	D3	1 094	橙花醇 Nerol	–	–	–	–	0.14
	D4	1 295	紫苏醇 Perillyl alcohol	–	–	–	–	0.13
	D5	1 540	α-檀香醇 α-Santalol	–	0.13	0.11	–	–
	D6	1 526	α-人参烯 α-Panasinsanene	0.11	–	–	–	–
	D7	1 584	4(15),5,10(14)-大根香叶三烯-1-醇 4(15),5,10(14)-Germacratrien-1-ol	–	0.14	0.13	–	–
	D8	1 590	桉油烯醇 Spathulenol	–	0.68	0.22	–	0.47
	D9	1 633	Β-桉叶醇 β-Eudesmol	0.16	0.10	–	–	–
	D10	1 650	1aS,4aS,7R,7aS,7bS)-1,1,7- Trimethyl-4-methylidene-1a,2,3, 4a,5,6,7a,7b-octahydrocyclopropa [h]azulen-7-ol	–	0.11	–	–	–
酯类 Esters	E1	1 027	(E)-3-己烯-1-醇乙酸酯 Trans-3-hexenyl acetate	0.26	0.21	0.54	0.49	3.57
	E2	1 028	乙酸叶醇酯 cis-3-Hexenyl acetate	–	0.10	–	–	–
萜烯酯类	F1	1 265	乙酸芳樟酯 Linalyl acetate	0.23	0.41	0.17	–	0.91
Terpene esters	F2	1 299	乙酸龙脑酯 Bornyl acetate	3.70	0.98	0.62	5.10	–
	F3	1 292	左旋乙酸冰片酯 L-Bornyl acetate	–	–	–	–	2.24
萘类 Naphthalenes	G1	1 517	(1aR)-1aβ,2,3,3a,4,5,6,7bβ- Octahydro-1,1,3aβ,7-tetramethyl- 1H-cyclopropa[a]naphthalene	1.85	0.89	1.59	0.35	–
	G2	1 542	1,2,3,4,4a,7-Hexahydro-1,6- dimethyl-4-(1-methylethyl)- naphthalene	0.35	0.30	0.29	–	0.20
	G3	1 548	1,2,4a,5,6,8a-Hexahydro-4,7- dimethyl-1-(1-methylethyl) napthtalene	0.15	0.14	0.24	0.11	0.41
	G4	1 578	(8aα)-Decahydro-1α-isopropyl- 3aα-methyl-7-methylene-4α,8α- epoxyazulene	–	0.19	0.10	–	0.42
类别 Class	编号 No.	保留指数 Retention index	化合物 Compounds	相对含量/% Relative content
类别 Class	编号 No.	保留指数 Retention index	化合物 Compounds	浙江楠 P. chekian- gensis	小叶桢楠 P. zhennan f. oblong	大叶桢楠 P. zhennan f. elliptical	紫楠 P. sheareri	闽楠 P. bour- nei
烷烃类 Alkanes	H1	1 303	正十三烷Tridecane	–	–	–	0.10	0.13
	H2	1 308	环己烷Cyclohexane	–	–	–	–	0.67
	H3	1 556	(E)-2-(6,10-Timethylundeca-1,5,9- trien-2-yl)oxirane	0.11	–	–	–	–
有机酸 Organic acid	I1	1 283	(1R,4S)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo [2.2.1]heptan-2-yl acetate	–	–	–	–	0.33
氧化物 Oxide	J1	1 595	石竹素Caryophyllene oxide	0.49	0.34	0.22	0.21	0.36

化合物 Compounds	相对含量/ % Relative content		化合物 Compounds	相对含量/% Relative content
化合物 Compounds	夏季 Summer	秋季 Autumn	化合物 Compounds	夏季 Summer	秋季 Autumn
莰烯Camphene	4.85 ± 2.09^**	1.03 ± 0.13	α-葎草烯 α-Humulene	1.61 ± 0.18	1.42 ± 0.04
甘香烯Caryophyllene	5.50 ± 1.67	3.20 ± 1.87	(-)-α-荜澄茄油烯 (-)-α-Cubebene	2.46 ± 0.03	1.76 ± 0.18
α-古巴烯α-Copaene	7.49 ± 2.09^*	6.30 ± 1.46	右旋大根香叶烯 (+)-Germacrene D	5.57 ± 2.23	5.52 ± 2.58
β-榄香烯β-Elemene	8.81 ± 2.97	8.91 ± 1.53	(-)-α-古芸烯 (-)-α-Gurjunene	4.10 ± 2.17^*	2.49 ± 1.62
β-石竹烯β-Caryophyllene	11.87 ± 2.31^*	8.92 ± 1.68	δ-荜澄茄烯 δ-Cadinene	6.44 ± 2.97^**	3.22 ± 1.93
马兜铃烯Aristolene	2.44 ± 0.18	2.32 ± 0.32	芹子烯 Apigenine	2.26 ± 2.05	2.87 ± 2.55
α-蒎烯α-Pinene	0.49 ± 0.05^**	4.40 ± 0.63	佛术烯 Eremophilene	1.69 ± 0.06	1.79 ± 0.40

化合物 Compounds	相对含量/ % Relative content		化合物 Compounds	相对含量/% Relative content
化合物 Compounds	夏季 Summer	秋季 Autumn	化合物 Compounds	夏季 Summer	秋季 Autumn
莰烯Camphene	4.85 ± 2.09^**	1.03 ± 0.13	α-葎草烯 α-Humulene	1.61 ± 0.18	1.42 ± 0.04
甘香烯Caryophyllene	5.50 ± 1.67	3.20 ± 1.87	(-)-α-荜澄茄油烯 (-)-α-Cubebene	2.46 ± 0.03	1.76 ± 0.18
α-古巴烯α-Copaene	7.49 ± 2.09^*	6.30 ± 1.46	右旋大根香叶烯 (+)-Germacrene D	5.57 ± 2.23	5.52 ± 2.58
β-榄香烯β-Elemene	8.81 ± 2.97	8.91 ± 1.53	(-)-α-古芸烯 (-)-α-Gurjunene	4.10 ± 2.17^*	2.49 ± 1.62
β-石竹烯β-Caryophyllene	11.87 ± 2.31^*	8.92 ± 1.68	δ-荜澄茄烯 δ-Cadinene	6.44 ± 2.97^**	3.22 ± 1.93
马兜铃烯Aristolene	2.44 ± 0.18	2.32 ± 0.32	芹子烯 Apigenine	2.26 ± 2.05	2.87 ± 2.55
α-蒎烯α-Pinene	0.49 ± 0.05^**	4.40 ± 0.63	佛术烯 Eremophilene	1.69 ± 0.06	1.79 ± 0.40

化合物 Compounds	相对含量/% Relative content
化合物 Compounds	15 ℃	25 ℃	35 ℃	45 ℃
蒎烯 Pinene	7.19 ± 1.43 a	5.86 ± 1.83 a	6.38 ± 1.89 a	6.30 ± 1.41 a
α-古巴烯 α-Copaene	4.22 ± 0.19 a	3.34 ± 0.73 a	2.70 ± 0.19 ab	2.36 ± 0.01 b
β-蒎烯 β-Pinene	3.66 ± 0.96 a	3.22 ± 0.13 a	3.00 ± 0.76 a	2.79 ± 1.10 a
(-)-异喇叭烯 (-)-isoledene	1.10 ± 0.11 a	1.15 ± 0.04 a	1.17 ± 0.11 a	1.20 ± 0.05 a
(-)-α-荜澄茄油烯 (-)-α-Cubebene	3.41 ± 0.29 a	2.98 ± 0.47 ab	2.44 ± 1.21 ab	2.08 ± 0.11 b
β-榄香烯 β-Elemene	5.19 ± 1.27 a	5.29 ± 0.94 a	5.46 ± 1.16 a	6.90 ± 1.04 a
β-石竹烯 β-Caryophyllene	18.82 ± 0.83 b	22.97 ± 0.18 a	20.66 ± 1.85 b	19.95 ± 1.98 b
(1S,4aR,8aR)-7-Isopropylidene-1,4a-dimethyldecahydro-1-naphthalen ol	1.44 ± 1.09 a	1.97 ± 0.32 a	1.60 ± 0.38 a	1.94 ± 0.52 a
马兜铃烯 Aristolene	1.13 ± 0.11 a	1.35 ± 0.16 a	1.13 ± 0.11 a	0.89 ± 0.13 a
α-葎草烯 α-Humulene	16.40 ± 0.29 b	17.98 ± 0.48 ab	19.83 ± 0.36 a	18.91 ± 1.53 a
(+)-β-瑟林烯 (+)-β-Selinene	3.41 ± 0.12 a	3.41 ± 0.79 a	2.59 ± 0.45 b	3.39 ± 0.19 a
α-瑟林烯 α-Selinene	3.90 ± 0.14 b	4.29 ± 0.11 b	4.77 ± 0.35 b	6.61 ± 0.49 a
(+)-γ-古芸烯 (+)-γ-Gurjunene	5.04 ± 0.08 a	5.14 ± 1.18 a	3.22 ± 0.17 b	4.48 ± 0.17 ab
乙酸龙脑酯 Bornyl acetate	1.04 ± 0.04 a	0.97 ± 0.02 a	1.01 ± 0.01 a	0.87 ± 0.02 a
α-法呢烯 α- Farnesene	2.13 ± 0.56 a	1.30 ± 0.57 b	1.13 ± 0.12 b	0.71 ± 0.12 b
1-ethenyl-1-methyl-4-propan-2-ylidene-2-prop-1-en-2-ylcyclohexane	3.15 ± 1.82 a	2.51 ± 0.51 a	3.46 ± 0.37 a	2.24 ± 0.46 a