菊花扦插生根剂的筛选及综合评价

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0674

园艺学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (11): 2657-2667.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0674

菊花扦插生根剂的筛选及综合评价

吴雅杰¹^,^*, 焦钰¹^,^*, 王海龙¹, 陈志星², 浦浩², 朱子涵¹, 邹倩¹, 唐蜀昆³^,⁴, 曹艳茹¹^,^**()

¹ 昆明学院农学与生命科学学院，农业资源利用科技创新团队，昆明 650214
² 昆明虹之华园艺有限公司，昆明 651700
³ 云南大学生命科学学院，云南省微生物研究所，生物资源保护与利用重点实验室，微生物资源教育部重点实验室，昆明 650091
⁴ 云南省发酵蔬菜重点实验室，云南红河 661100

收稿日期:2024-07-10 修回日期:2024-08-23 出版日期:2024-12-12 发布日期:2024-11-26
通讯作者:
^** E-mail：yanrucao3@aliyun.com
作者简介:
* 共同第一作者
基金资助:
云南省科技计划项目(202301AT070051); 云南省科技计划项目(202205AG070001); 云南省“万人计划”青年拔尖人才资助项目(YNWR-QNBJ-2018-011)

Screening Research and Comprehensive Evaluation of Rooting Agents for Chrysanthemum Cuttings

WU Yajie¹, JIAO Yu¹, WANG Hailong¹, CHEN Zhixing², PU Hao², ZHU Zihan¹, ZOU Qian¹, TANG Shukun³^,⁴, CAO Yanru¹^,^**()

¹ Agricultural Resource Utilization and Technology Innovation Team，College of Agriculture and Life Sciences，Kunming University，Kunming 650214，China
² Kunming Hongzhihua Horticulture Company Limited，Kunming 651700，China
³ Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education，Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources，Yunnan Institute of Microbiology，College of Life Sciences，Yunnan University，Kunming 650091，China
⁴ Yunnan Key Laboratory of Fermented Vegetables，Honghe，Yunnan 661100，China

Received:2024-07-10 Revised:2024-08-23 Published:2024-12-12 Online:2024-11-26

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为筛选出在贫瘠红壤条件下对菊花扦插生根有较好促进作用的生根剂，以红壤土为基质，采用不同的生根剂对菊花插穗进行处理，对其生根率、生根时间、根长、根数、根干质量、根粗等表型指标进行测定，以主成分分析评价生根剂的效果。对促生效果较好的生根剂处理的菊花扦插苗进行营养物质、激素含量和酶活性等测定以探究其促生机理，以极差分析法明确影响菊花扦插生根的主要生理指标。主成分分析将生根表型的7个单项指标转换成2个相互独立的综合指标，累计贡献率为89.69%。由扦插苗的生根效果综合得分可知，那氏齐齐发诱导剂得分最高，与对照相比，生根时间提前了2 d，15 d 时生根率提高了34.44%，30 d时的生根数增加97.80%，根干质量增加54.97%，根粗增加24.24%；双吉尔-GGR6号得分次之，相较对照根长增加了78.64%。在扦插苗的各项生理指标中，IAA极差值最大，是影响菊花扦插生根的关键因素；可溶性蛋白含量是影响菊花扦插生根的最重要营养物质。综上，那氏齐齐发诱导剂和双吉尔-GGR6号促生根作用较好，可用作促菊花扦插的优良生根剂。

关键词: 菊花, 扦插, 生根剂, 生理指标, 主成分分析, 极差分析

Abstract:

In order to screen out the rooting agent that has a good effect on the rooting of chrysanthemum cuttings under the condition of barren red soil，the red soil was used as the substrate，and different rooting agents were used to treat the chrysanthemum cuttings，and the phenotypic indexes such as rooting rate，rooting time，root length，root number，root dry weight，and root thickness were determined. The effect of rooting agent was evaluated by principal component analysis. In order to explore the mechanism of growth-promoting seedlings of chrysanthemum cuttings treated with rooting agent，nutrients，hormone content and enzyme activity were determined，and the main physiological indexes affecting the rooting of chrysanthemum cuttings were clarified by extreme analysis. Principal component analysis（PCA） converted 7 individual indexes of rooting phenotype into 2 independent composite indexes，with a cumulative contribution rate of 89.69%. According to the comprehensive score of rooting of chrysanthemum cuttings，Nashi 778 has the highest score. Compared with the control，the rooting time was advanced by 2 days，the rooting rate increased by 34.44% on the 15th day，the number of roots at the 30th day increased by 97.80%，the root dry weight increased by 54.97%，and the root thickness increased by 24.24%. The second score of Double Gil GGR-6 was 78.64% higher than that of the control in root length. Among the physiological indexes of cuttings，the IAA range was the largest，which was the key factor affecting the rooting of chrysanthemum cuttings. Soluble protein content is the most important nutrient affecting the rooting of chrysanthemum cuttings. In conclusion，Nashi 778 inducer and Double Gil GGR-6 had good root-promoting effects，and could be used as excellent rooting agents for promoting chrysanthemum cuttings.

Key words: Chrysanthemum, cutting, rooting agent, physiological indicators, principal component analysis, range analysis

吴雅杰, 焦钰, 王海龙, 陈志星, 浦浩, 朱子涵, 邹倩, 唐蜀昆, 曹艳茹. 菊花扦插生根剂的筛选及综合评价[J]. 园艺学报, 2024, 51(11): 2657-2667.

WU Yajie, JIAO Yu, WANG Hailong, CHEN Zhixing, PU Hao, ZHU Zihan, ZOU Qian, TANG Shukun, CAO Yanru. Screening Research and Comprehensive Evaluation of Rooting Agents for Chrysanthemum Cuttings[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2024, 51(11): 2657-2667.

图/表 8

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药剂分类 Potion classification	药剂 Potion	主要成分 Main ingredients	施用方式 Mode of application	稀释倍数 Multiple of dilution
激素类 Hormone	吲哚丁酸Indolebutyric acid	吲哚丁酸Indolebutyric acid	蘸根Dipping root	1 000
	吲哚乙酸Indoleacetic acid	吲哚乙酸Indoleacetic acid	蘸根Dipping root	2 500
	赤霉素Gibberellin	赤霉素Gibberellin	蘸根Dipping root	10 000
	爱根生Aigensheng	萘乙酸、吲哚丁酸 Naphthalene acetic acid，indolebutyric acid	蘸根Dipping root	400
	ABT生根粉 ABT root growing powder	萘乙酸、吲哚乙酸 Naphthalene acetic acid，indoleacetic acid	蘸根 Dipping root	2 000
	生根粉Root growing powder	S-诱抗素、吲哚丁酸钾、R诱导剂、扩展渗透剂、萘乙酸钠S-attractant，indolebutyrate potassium， R inducer，expansion osmotic agent，sodium naphthoacetate	蘸根 Dipping root	800
植物生长调节剂类 Plant growth regulator	萘乙酸Naphthalene acetic acid	萘乙酸Naphthalene acetic acid	蘸根Dipping root	1 000
	亚精胺Spermidine	亚精胺Spermidine	蘸根Dipping root	137 741
	复硝酚钠 Compound sodium nitrophenol	邻硝基苯酚钠、对硝基苯酚钠、5-硝基邻甲氧基苯酚钠O-nitrophenol sodium，p-nitrophenol sodium，5-nitro-o-methoxylphenol sodium	蘸根Dipping root	2 000
农肥类 Agricultural fertilizer	强力生根壮苗原液Strong root and strong seedling stock	氨基酸Amino acid	灌溉Irrigation	1 000
	植物生根剂Plant rooting agent	氨基酸Amino acid	灌溉Irrigation	600
	根多多Genduoduo	氨基酸Amino acid	灌溉Irrigation	600
	根易生Genyisheng	微量元素Trace element	灌溉Irrigation	800
	硼锌钙镁铁 Boron，zinc，calcium，magnesium，iron	硼、锌、钙、镁、铁、铜、锰、氮Boron，zinc，calcium，magnesium，iron，copper，manganese，nitrogen	灌溉Irrigation	1 500
	双吉尔-GGR6号 Double Gil GGR-6	氨基酸、微量元素 Amino acid，trace element	蘸根Dipping root	10 000
	壮苗生根剂 Rooting agent for seedling	氨基酸、矿化碘、黄腐酸、微量元素Amino acid， mineralized iodine，fulvic acid，trace element	灌溉Irrigation	1 000
	根有劲Genyoujin	黄腐酸钾、氮磷钾Potassium fulvic acid，nitrogen，phosphate，potassium	灌溉Irrigation	1 200
	生根壮苗剂Rooting and seedling strengthening agent	腐殖酸、氮磷钾 Humic acid，nitrogen，phosphorus，potassium	灌溉Irrigation	800
	甲壳素有机水溶肥料 Chitin organic water soluble fertilizer	甲壳素 Chitin chitin	灌溉 Irrigation	1 000
	生物酶解海藻精 Enzymatic hydrolysis of alginate	海藻精 Essence of seaweed	灌溉 Irrigation	1 000
	那氏齐齐发诱导剂 Nashi 778	植物提取物Plant extracts	灌溉Irrigation	150
	生根宝Shenggenbao	无资料 No data	灌溉Irrigation	500
	标典3721 Biaodian 3721	无资料 No data	蘸根Dipping root	1 500
	聚无忧Juwuyou	无资料 No data	灌溉Irrigation	1 000
微生物菌剂 Microbial inoculant	三炬灌金液 Three torch filling liquid gold	胶冻样类芽孢杆菌 Paenibacillus mucilaginosus	灌溉Irrigation	500

药剂分类 Potion classification	药剂 Potion	主要成分 Main ingredients	施用方式 Mode of application	稀释倍数 Multiple of dilution
激素类 Hormone	吲哚丁酸Indolebutyric acid	吲哚丁酸Indolebutyric acid	蘸根Dipping root	1 000
	吲哚乙酸Indoleacetic acid	吲哚乙酸Indoleacetic acid	蘸根Dipping root	2 500
	赤霉素Gibberellin	赤霉素Gibberellin	蘸根Dipping root	10 000
	爱根生Aigensheng	萘乙酸、吲哚丁酸 Naphthalene acetic acid，indolebutyric acid	蘸根Dipping root	400
	ABT生根粉 ABT root growing powder	萘乙酸、吲哚乙酸 Naphthalene acetic acid，indoleacetic acid	蘸根 Dipping root	2 000
	生根粉Root growing powder	S-诱抗素、吲哚丁酸钾、R诱导剂、扩展渗透剂、萘乙酸钠S-attractant，indolebutyrate potassium， R inducer，expansion osmotic agent，sodium naphthoacetate	蘸根 Dipping root	800
植物生长调节剂类 Plant growth regulator	萘乙酸Naphthalene acetic acid	萘乙酸Naphthalene acetic acid	蘸根Dipping root	1 000
	亚精胺Spermidine	亚精胺Spermidine	蘸根Dipping root	137 741
	复硝酚钠 Compound sodium nitrophenol	邻硝基苯酚钠、对硝基苯酚钠、5-硝基邻甲氧基苯酚钠O-nitrophenol sodium，p-nitrophenol sodium，5-nitro-o-methoxylphenol sodium	蘸根Dipping root	2 000
农肥类 Agricultural fertilizer	强力生根壮苗原液Strong root and strong seedling stock	氨基酸Amino acid	灌溉Irrigation	1 000
	植物生根剂Plant rooting agent	氨基酸Amino acid	灌溉Irrigation	600
	根多多Genduoduo	氨基酸Amino acid	灌溉Irrigation	600
	根易生Genyisheng	微量元素Trace element	灌溉Irrigation	800
	硼锌钙镁铁 Boron，zinc，calcium，magnesium，iron	硼、锌、钙、镁、铁、铜、锰、氮Boron，zinc，calcium，magnesium，iron，copper，manganese，nitrogen	灌溉Irrigation	1 500
	双吉尔-GGR6号 Double Gil GGR-6	氨基酸、微量元素 Amino acid，trace element	蘸根Dipping root	10 000
	壮苗生根剂 Rooting agent for seedling	氨基酸、矿化碘、黄腐酸、微量元素Amino acid， mineralized iodine，fulvic acid，trace element	灌溉Irrigation	1 000
	根有劲Genyoujin	黄腐酸钾、氮磷钾Potassium fulvic acid，nitrogen，phosphate，potassium	灌溉Irrigation	1 200
	生根壮苗剂Rooting and seedling strengthening agent	腐殖酸、氮磷钾 Humic acid，nitrogen，phosphorus，potassium	灌溉Irrigation	800
	甲壳素有机水溶肥料 Chitin organic water soluble fertilizer	甲壳素 Chitin chitin	灌溉 Irrigation	1 000
	生物酶解海藻精 Enzymatic hydrolysis of alginate	海藻精 Essence of seaweed	灌溉 Irrigation	1 000
	那氏齐齐发诱导剂 Nashi 778	植物提取物Plant extracts	灌溉Irrigation	150
	生根宝Shenggenbao	无资料 No data	灌溉Irrigation	500
	标典3721 Biaodian 3721	无资料 No data	蘸根Dipping root	1 500
	聚无忧Juwuyou	无资料 No data	灌溉Irrigation	1 000
微生物菌剂 Microbial inoculant	三炬灌金液 Three torch filling liquid gold	胶冻样类芽孢杆菌 Paenibacillus mucilaginosus	灌溉Irrigation	500

处理 Treatment	Z1	Z2	综合得分 Composite score	位次 Precedence
H₂O（对照 Control）	-2.77	-1.49	-2.21	5
那氏齐齐发诱导剂Nashi 778	3.76	-1.34	2.29	1
植物生根剂Plant rooting agent	-0.98	-0.08	-0.69	4
双吉尔-GGR6号Double Gil GGR-6	0.33	1.33	0.51	2
萘乙酸Naphthalene acetic acid	-0.86	0.33	-0.51	3

处理 Treatment	Z1	Z2	综合得分 Composite score	位次 Precedence
H₂O（对照 Control）	-2.77	-1.49	-2.21	5
那氏齐齐发诱导剂Nashi 778	3.76	-1.34	2.29	1
植物生根剂Plant rooting agent	-0.98	-0.08	-0.69	4
双吉尔-GGR6号Double Gil GGR-6	0.33	1.33	0.51	2
萘乙酸Naphthalene acetic acid	-0.86	0.33	-0.51	3

营养物质 Nutrient	平均数Average			极差 Extremely poor
营养物质 Nutrient	H₂O （对照Control）	那氏齐齐发诱导剂 Nashi 778	双吉尔-GGR6号 Double Gil GGR-6	极差 Extremely poor
可溶性糖/（mg · g^-1）Soluble sugar	1.85	1.90	1.92	0.07
淀粉/（mg · g^-1）Starch content	1.26	1.32	1.33	0.08
可溶性蛋白/（mg · g^-1）Soluble proteins	2.04	2.18	2.18	0.16
氮素/% Nitrogen	1.91	1.93	1.91	0.02

菊花扦插生根剂的筛选及综合评价

Screening Research and Comprehensive Evaluation of Rooting Agents for Chrysanthemum Cuttings

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因素 Factor	平均数Average			极差 Extremely poor
因素 Factor	H₂O （对照Control）	那氏齐齐发诱导剂 Nashi 778	双吉尔-GGR6号 Double Gil GGR-6	极差 Extremely poor
叶绿素/（mg · g^-1）Chlorophyll	1.74	1.87	1.88	0.15
IAA/（ng · g^-1）	50.95	60.94	59.58	10.51
ABA/（ng · g^-1）	87.15	88.42	87.12	1.75
POD/（U · g^-1）	2.84	4.02	4.02	1.18
PPO/（U · g^-1）	4.33	4.67	4.71	0.38

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菊花扦插生根剂的筛选及综合评价

Screening Research and Comprehensive Evaluation of Rooting Agents for Chrysanthemum Cuttings

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