解淀粉芽孢杆菌5号防控西瓜CGMMV机制初探

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0798

园艺学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (10): 2427-2438.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0798

解淀粉芽孢杆菌5号防控西瓜CGMMV机制初探

吴琼¹, 张甜甜², 李茂营¹^,^*(), 吴慧玲³, 郭绍贵¹, 张洁¹, 任毅¹, 张海英¹, 宫国义¹

¹ 北京市农林科学院蔬菜研究所，国家蔬菜工程技术研究中心，北京 100097
² 北京农学院植物科学技术学院，北京 102206
³ 北京市农林科学院植物保护环境保护研究所，北京 100097

收稿日期:2024-04-08 修回日期:2024-07-19 出版日期:2024-10-25 发布日期:2024-10-21
通讯作者:
*E-mail：2908197489@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(32372713); 北京市农林科学院青年基金项目(QNJJ201811); 北京市农林科学院青年基金项目(QNJ201801); 北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设专项资金项目(KJCX20200429)

Preliminary Study on the Prevention and Control Effect of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Strain 5 on Cucumber Green Mottled Mosaic Virus Disease on Watermelon

WU Qiong¹, ZHANG Tiantian², LI Maoying¹^,^*(), WU Huiling³, GUO Shaogui¹, ZHANG Jie¹, REN Yi¹, ZHANG Haiying¹, GONG Guoyi¹

¹ National Vegetable Engineering Technology Research Center，Vegetable Research Institute of Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry，Beijing 100097，China
² School of Plant Science and Technology，Beijing Agricultural University，Beijing 102206，China
³ Institute of Plant Protection and Environmental Protection，Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences，Beijing 100097，China

Received:2024-04-08 Revised:2024-07-19 Published:2024-10-25 Online:2024-10-21

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为筛选西瓜上黄瓜绿斑驳花叶病毒（cucumber green mottle mosaic virus，CGMMV）病害生物防治的有效生防菌剂，在接种CGMMV的西瓜幼苗上提前施用多粘类芽孢杆菌（Paenibacillus polymyxa）246-1号、贝莱斯芽孢杆菌（Bacillus velezensis）4-2号、解淀粉芽孢杆菌（B. amyloliquefaciens）5号生防菌剂，结果表明，多粘类芽孢杆菌246-1号、贝莱斯芽孢杆菌4-2号和解淀粉芽孢杆菌5号对CGMMV病害的防控效果分别达到了59.89%、46.71%和65.77%，其中解淀粉芽孢杆菌5号的防治效果最好。进一步测定21 d西瓜幼苗生理生化指标及表型变化，验证解淀粉芽孢杆菌前处理对CGMMV病害的防控效果，结果表明提前施用解淀粉芽孢杆菌5号后西瓜幼苗株高、根长、鲜质量和干质量比对照显著增加5.93 cm、2.92 cm、2.48 g、2.09 g；西瓜幼苗叶片净光合速率、气孔导度和蒸腾速率显著提高351.00%、133.33%、91.30%，胞间CO₂浓度显著降低25.88%；同时使西瓜幼苗SOD、POD、PAL和CAT活性显著提高100.37%、126.46%、98.45%和98.99%。综上，解淀粉芽孢杆菌5号通过提高植株生长发育、叶片光合作用能力和抗性酶活性，进而提高西瓜对CGMMV的抗性。

关键词: 西瓜, 黄瓜绿斑驳花叶病毒, 解淀粉芽孢杆菌, 生物防控

Abstract:

In order to screen for effective microbial agents against cucumber green mottled mosaic virus（CGMMV）disease on watermelon，Paenibacillus polymyxa 246-1，Bacillus velezensis 4-2，and B. amyloliquefaciens 5 microbial agents were applied in advance on watermelon seedlings inoculated with CGMMV. The results showed that P. polymyxa 246-1，B. velezensis 4-2，and B. amyloliquefaciens 5 control effects of CGMMV disease reached 59.89%，46.71%，and 65.77%，respectively. Among them，B. amyloliquefaciens 5 had the best prevention and control effect. Further determination of physiological and biochemical indicators and phenotypic changes in watermelon seedlings on the 21st day was conducted to verify the prevention and control of CGMMV disease by pre-treatment with B. amyloliquefaciens. The results showed that the application of B. amyloliquefaciens 5 microbial agent in advance significantly increased the plant height，root length，fresh weight，and dry weight of watermelon seedlings by 5.93 cm，2.92 cm，2.48 g，and 2.09 g compared to the control group；the net photosynthetic rate，stomatal conductance，and transpiration rate of watermelon seedlings significantly increased by 351.00%，133.33%，and 91.30%，while the intercellular CO₂ concentration significantly decreased by 25.88%；simultaneously，the activities of SOD，POD，PAL，and CAT in watermelon seedlings were significantly increased by 100.37%，126.46%，98.45%，and 98.99%. In conclusion，B. amyloliquefaciens 5 can improve the resistance of watermelon to CGMMV by improving the growth and development of plants，the photosynthesis ability of leaves and the activities of resistant enzymes．

Key words: watermelon, cucumber green mottle mosaic virus, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, biological prevention and control

吴琼, 张甜甜, 李茂营, 吴慧玲, 郭绍贵, 张洁, 任毅, 张海英, 宫国义. 解淀粉芽孢杆菌5号防控西瓜CGMMV机制初探[J]. 园艺学报, 2024, 51(10): 2427-2438.

WU Qiong, ZHANG Tiantian, LI Maoying, WU Huiling, GUO Shaogui, ZHANG Jie, REN Yi, ZHANG Haiying, GONG Guoyi. Preliminary Study on the Prevention and Control Effect of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Strain 5 on Cucumber Green Mottled Mosaic Virus Disease on Watermelon[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2024, 51(10): 2427-2438.

图/表 6

表1 3种生防菌剂对西瓜种子萌发的影响

Table 1 Effects of three microbial agents on watermelon seed germination

菌剂 Microbial agent	发芽势/% Germinating energy	发芽率/% Germination percentage	根长/cm Root length	下胚轴长/cm Hypocotyledonary axis length
清水（对照） Water（control）	97.33 ± 0.94 a	100.00 ± 0.00 a	3.71 ± 0.06 c	3.39 ± 0.04 c
多粘芽孢杆菌246-1号 Paenibacillus polymyxa 246-1	95.67 ± 0.47 b	99.00 ± 0.82 b	3.78 ± 0.02 c	3.38 ± 0.02 c
贝莱斯芽孢杆菌4-2号 Bacillus velezensis 4-2	95.00 ± 1.41 b	99.33 ± 0.47 b	4.04 ± 0.01 b	3.62 ± 0.02 b
解淀粉芽孢杆菌5号 Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 5	98.33 ± 0.47 a	100.00 ±0.00 a	4.33 ± 0.00 a	3.80 ± 0.03 a

表2 3种生防菌剂前处理对西瓜CGMMV的防控效果

Table 2 Effects of pre-treatment with three microbial agents on the prevention and control of CGMMV on watermelon

菌剂 Microbial agent	发病率/% Rate of the disease	病情指数 Disease index	防控效果/% Prevention and control effects
单独接种CGMMV（对照） Inoculation with CGMMV individually（control）	100.00 ± 0.00 a	77.41 ± 0.85 a	—
多粘芽孢杆菌246-1 Paenibacillus polymyxa 246-1	71.63 ± 0.75 c	31.05 ± 0.59 c	59.89 ± 0.36 b
贝莱斯芽孢杆菌4-2 Bacillus velezensis 4-2	79.42 ± 0.67 b	33.75 ± 0.33 b	46.71 ± 0.42 c
解淀粉芽孢杆菌5 Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 5	67.50 ± 1.61 d	20.42 ± 0.83 d	65.77 ± 0.85 a

图1 解淀粉芽孢杆菌5号前处理对西瓜幼苗生长指标的影响不同小写字母表示各处理间差异显著。下同。

Fig. 1 Effects of pre-treatment with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens on the growth indicators of watermelon seedlings Different lowercase letters indicate significent differences among different treatments at 0.05 level. The same below.

图2 解淀粉芽孢杆菌5号前处理对西瓜上CGMMV的防控效果

Fig. 2 Effects of pre-treatment with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 5 on the prevention and control of CGMMV on watermelon

图3 解淀粉芽孢杆菌5号前处理对西瓜幼苗光合作用的影响

Fig. 3 Effects of pre-treatment with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 5 on the photosynthesis of watermelon seedlings

图4 解淀粉芽孢杆菌5号前处理对西瓜幼苗抗性相关酶活性的影响

Fig. 4 Effects of pre-treatment with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 5 on resistance-related enzyme activities of watermelon seedlings

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解淀粉芽孢杆菌5号防控西瓜CGMMV机制初探

Preliminary Study on the Prevention and Control Effect of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Strain 5 on Cucumber Green Mottled Mosaic Virus Disease on Watermelon

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解淀粉芽孢杆菌5号防控西瓜CGMMV机制初探

Preliminary Study on the Prevention and Control Effect of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Strain 5 on Cucumber Green Mottled Mosaic Virus Disease on Watermelon

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