芸薹根肿菌游动孢子和休眠孢子研究进展

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2022-0610

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

芸薹根肿菌（Plasmodiophora brassicae）引起的根肿病是十字花科作物的重要病害，其游动孢子和休眠孢子在致病过程起着重要作用。综述了根肿菌初级游动孢子和次级游动孢子在不同侵染阶段行为和作用的研究进展，分析了休眠孢子在形成、成熟、释放，以及在土壤中存活、萌发、分布及传播方式和检测技术等方面的研究突破，展望了未来研究方向，旨在为阐明根肿菌的致病机理以及根肿病的病害循环提供参考。

关键词: 根肿菌, 游动孢子, 休眠孢子, 生活史, 综述

Abstract:

Clubroot，caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae，is an important disease of cruciferous crops. Zoospores and resting spores play vital roles in the infection process of P. brassicae. This review summarized research progresses on the behavior and the role of primary and secondary zoospores in different infection stages，analyzed research breakthroughs on the formation，the maturation，the release，the soil survival，the germination，the distribution，the dissemination and the assessment technologies of resting spores，and discussed future perspectives of P. brassicae research，aiming to provide references to further elucidation on the pathogenesis of P. brassicae and the disease cycle of clubroot.

Key words: Plasmodiophora brassicae, zoospore, resting spore, life cycle, review

彭宇龙, 孙小芳, 王双双, 韩畅, 刘婷, 黄云. 芸薹根肿菌游动孢子和休眠孢子研究进展[J]. 园艺学报, 2023, 50(9): 1987-1996.

PENG Yulong, SUN Xiaofang, WANG Shuangshuang, HAN Chang, LIU Ting, HUANG Yun. Research Progress on the Resting Spore and Zoospore of Plasmodiophora brassicae[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2023, 50(9): 1987-1996.

图/表 1

图1 根肿菌生活史参考Kageyama & Asano，2009；Feng et al.，2012，2013；Pérez-López et al.，2018；Liu et al.，2020b。 1：休眠孢子萌发；2：初级游动孢子侵入根毛（根部表皮细胞）并发展为初级原生质团；3：初级原生质团发展为游动孢子囊；4：次级游动孢子的释放；5：次级游动孢子的结合；6：次级原生质团在皮层细胞形成；7：休眠孢子的形成；8：休眠孢子的释放；9：初级游动孢子侵染皮层细胞；10：次级游动孢子侵染根毛；11：次级游动孢子侵染皮层细胞。

Fig. 1 The life cycle of Plasmodiophora brassicae Refer to Kageyama & Asano，2009；Feng et al.，2012，2013；Pérez-López et al.，2018；Liu et al.，2020b. 1：Resting spore germination；2：Primary zoospores penetrate the root hairs（or root epidermal cells）and develop to primary plasmodia；3：Primary plasmodia develop to zoosporangia；4：The release of secondary zoospores；5：The conjugation of secondary zoospores；6：The formation of secondary plasmodia in the cortical cells；7：The formation of resting spores；8：The release of resting spores；9：Primary zoospores infect cortical cells；10：Secondary zoospores infect root hairs；11：Secondary zoospores infect cortical cells.

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