番茄内生定殖蜡蚧轮枝菌JMC-01防治烟粉虱

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2024-0491

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 蜡蚧轮枝菌（Lecanicillium lecanii）是一种昆虫病原真菌，可作为内生菌无症状地存在于某些植株中，在害虫取食过程中侵入其体内抑制发育或将其杀灭。为明确蜡蚧轮枝菌JMC-01能否有效内生定殖番茄（Solanum lycopersicum），对番茄有促生作用且对烟粉虱（Bemisia tabaci）有防治效果，本研究中通过抗生素标记法评估JMC-01的定殖效率，采用平板菌落计数法检测JMC-01在番茄植株根、茎、叶等营养器官的分布情况，测量番茄长势参数评估JMC-01对其的促生作用，并探究JMC-01内生定殖对烟粉虱生长发育的影响及致死率，评估其防治效果。结果表明JMC-01通过土壤淋施、茎部注射、浸根和叶面喷施接种均能在番茄体内有效定殖，叶面喷施定殖效果最好，28 d内定殖率达到100%；JMC-01易在接种部位富集，且孢子悬浮液接种浓度为1 × 10⁸个 · mL^-1时的定殖率最高。JMC-01内生定殖番茄14 d时，番茄的株高、叶绿素含量明显高于对照。烟粉虱取食接菌植株后致死率显著提高，发育历期延长，成虫的温室防效可达到59.35%。研究结果表明JMC-01能够内生定殖番茄植株，促进其生长，并对烟粉虱的生长发育及存活率有明显抑制作用。

关键词: 番茄, 昆虫病原真菌, 蜡蚧轮枝菌, 内生定殖, 促生作用, 烟粉虱

Abstract:

The entomopathogenic fungus Lecanicillium lecanii can asymptomatically exist as an endophyte in certain plants and invade pests to inhibit their development or kill them during the feeding process. In order to determine whether L. lecanii JMC-01 could effectively endogenously colonize tomatoes，promote tomato growth，and have a control effect on Bemisia tabaci. The colonization efficiency of JMC-01 was evaluated by the antibiotic marking method，the tissue distribution of JMC-01 in tomato nutrient organs such as roots stems and leaves was detected by flat colony counting method，the growth indexes of tomato plants were measured to determine the growth promoting effect of JMC-01 on tomato plants，and the effect on growth and development and the mortality rat of B. tabaci caused by the endophytic colonization of JMC-01 were explored to assess its control effect. The results showed that JMC-01 could be effectively colonized by soil irrigation，stem injection，root irrigation，and foliar spraying. Foliar spraying had the best legal colonization effect，and the colonization rate reached 100% within 28 days. JMC-01 was easily enriched at the inoculation site，and the colonization rate was the highest when inoculated conidial suspension at 1 × 10⁸ spores · mL^-1. When JMC-01 colonized endophytically in tomatoes for 14 days，the plant height and chlorophyll content of tomato were significantly higher than that of the control，and the mortality of B. tabaci significantly increased and the developmental period was prolonged，and the control efficiency of adults in the greenhouse could reach 59.35%. The research results indicated that JMC-01 could not only endogenously colonize tomato plants，but also promote their growth，and significantly inhibit the growth and survival rate of B. tabaci.

Key words: tomato, entomopathogenic fungi, Lecanicillium lecanii, endophytic colonization, growth promotion, Bemisia tabaci

李金鹏, 黎秋雨, 颜晓曦, 田浩然, 洪波, 贾彦霞. 番茄内生定殖蜡蚧轮枝菌JMC-01防治烟粉虱[J]. 园艺学报, 2025, 52(11): 3057-3068.

LI Jinpeng, LI Qiuyu, YAN Xiaoxi, TIAN Haoran, HONG Bo, JIA Yanxia. Endophytic Colonization of Lecanicillium lecanii JMC-01 in Tomatoes for the Control of Bemisia tabaci[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2025, 52(11): 3057-3068.

图/表 7

图1 JMC-01在番茄组织内定殖率的比较

Fig. 1 Comparison of colonization rate of tomato by JMC-01

图2 不同浓度和接种方式中JMC-01在番茄不同部位的定殖情况图中数据为平均值 ± 标准误（n = 6），数据分析采用单因素ANOVA检验，* 表示同一时间根、茎、叶间存在显著差异（P < 0.05），** 表示存在极显著差异（P < 0.01）

Fig. 2 Colonization of different parts of tomato by JMC-01 at different concentrations and inoculation methods The data in the figure are mean ± SE（n = 6），and the data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA. * indicates significant differences between root，stem and leaf groups at the same time（P < 0.05），** indicates highly significant differences（P < 0.01）

图3 JMC-01对番茄株高和叶绿素含量的影响 t检验，* α = 0.05

Fig. 3 Effects of JMC-01 on height，and chlorophyll content of tomato plants t-test，* α = 0.05

图4 JMC-01对番茄植株根长、地上部和地下部的鲜、干质量的影响

Fig. 4 Effects of JMC-01 on the root length，fresh and dry weights of the aboveground and underground parts of tomato plants

图5 烟粉虱取食JMC-01接种植株和对照植株后的生存分析

Fig. 5 Survival analysis of Bemisia tabaci after feeding on JMC-01 inoculated plants and the control plants

图6 烟粉虱各龄期死亡率比较

Fig. 6 Mortality of Bemisia tabaci at all ages

表1 JMC-01对烟粉虱的温室防效

Table 1 Control effects of JMC-01 against Bemisia tabaci

处理 Treatment	处理天数/d Days after treatment
	1		3		5		7		10		14
	RR/%	CE/%	RR/%	CE/%	RR/%	CE/%	RR/%	CE/%	RR/%	CE/%	RR/%	CE/%
JMC-01	24.13 b	24.13 ± 1.23	39.18 b	38.63 ± 2.25	46.01 b	45.30 ± 6.35	51.40 b	50.31 ±7.40	56.46 b	54.90 ± 7.10	60.91 b	59.35 ± 5.75
对照 Control	0 a	-	0.85 a	-	1.25 a	-	2.11 a	-	3.36 a	-	3.81 a	-

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