辣椒玉米间作对病害的控制作用及其增产效应

园艺学报 ›› 2006, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (5): 995-1000.

辣椒玉米间作对病害的控制作用及其增产效应

孙雁¹;周天富²;王云月¹;陈建斌¹;何霞红¹;李成云¹;朱有勇^1*

(¹ 云南农业大学教育部农业生物多样性与病害控制重点实验室, 云南省植物病理重点实验室, 云南昆明650201; ² 云南省文山州植保站, 云南文山663000)

收稿日期:2005-10-29 修回日期:2006-04-28 出版日期:2006-10-25 发布日期:2006-10-25

Effect of Intercropping on Disease Management and Yield of Chilli Pepper and Maize

Sun Yan¹;Zhou Tianfu²;Wang Yunyue¹;Chen Jianbin¹;He Xiahong¹; Li Chengyun¹;Zhu Youyong^1*

(1 Key Laboratory of Agriculture Biodiversity for Plant Disease Management, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Plant Pathology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China; ² Wensan Prefecture Plant Protection Station of Yunnan Province, Wensan, Yunnan 663000, China)

Received:2005-10-29 Revised:2006-04-28 Online:2006-10-25 Published:2006-10-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用辣椒田间(5～10行) 边行外各间作1行玉米的方法进行6种不同模式辣椒、玉米多样性种植控制辣椒疫病(Phytophthora capsici) 和玉米大斑病(Helminthosporium turcicum ) 、小斑病(Helminthosporiun maydis) 的病害研究。结果表明: 不同模式的辣椒、玉米间作对辣椒疫病和玉米大、小斑病的病害发生均有显著的控制效果。与单作相比, 间作对辣椒疫病的防治效果随辣椒行数的减少由35.0%逐渐增加到69.6%; 间作对玉米大、小斑病的控制效果随辣椒行数的增加由43.0%逐渐提高到69.3%。同时, 辣椒玉米间作可显著提高单位土地面积的生产能力和经济效益。其中, 5行辣椒间作2行玉米的复合产量和土地利用率最高, 但经济效益相对较低; 10行辣椒间作2行玉米的复合产量和土地利用率相对较低, 但经济效益最高。与单作辣椒相比, 辣椒玉米间作的总产值增加1 683～2 012元/hm² , 增幅达10%～12%。证明利用辣椒玉米间作提高物种多样性、增强农田稳定性可达到有效控制辣椒疫病和玉米大、小斑病的目的。

关键词: 辣椒, 玉米, 间作, 病害控制

Abstract: A field studywas conducted to determine the most effective intercropping combination of chilli and maize to reduce the occurrence of Phytophthora blight ( PB) on chilli and Northern & Southern leaf blight (NSLB) on maize. The treatment combinations were MC₅M, MC₆M, MC₇M, MC₈M, MC₉M, MC₁₀M, M₁₀
and C₁₀, (M, Maize; C, Chilli; 5 - 10, number of rows ofmaize or chilli per p lot). All intercrop combinations reduced incidence of both PB and NSLB significantly over their counterpart monocrops. The chillimaize combination of MC₅M had the most drastic effect in reducing PB on chillies while MC₁₀M proved to be the best
combination formanagement of NSLB in maize. The incidence of PB increased and that of NSLB decreased with increasing number of rows of chilli in the intercrop combination. The statistical analysis showed that all intercropping systems had greater yields and economic advantage over their monocrop counterparts. Intercrop combination ofMC5M had the greatest combined yield but smallest economic value whereas MC₁₀M had the opposite effect. Maize and chilli yields per plant increased gradually with the increasing rows of intercropped chilli. The programme establishes useful potential at farm-level for using interspecific diversity as means to improve control of PB and NSLB.

Key words: Chilli pepper, Maize, Intercropping, Disease management

孙雁;周天富;王云月;陈建斌;何霞红;李成云;朱有勇. 辣椒玉米间作对病害的控制作用及其增产效应[J]. 园艺学报, 2006, 33(5): 995-1000.

Sun Yan;Zhou Tianfu;Wang Yunyue;Chen Jianbin;He Xiahong;Li Chengyun;Zhu Youyong. Effect of Intercropping on Disease Management and Yield of Chilli Pepper and Maize[J]. ACTA HORTICULTURAE SINICA, 2006, 33(5): 995-1000.

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