Karyotype Analysis of Four Cultivars of Peppers Based on Fluorescence in situ Hybridization

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2024-0047

Acta Horticulturae Sinica ›› 2024, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (10): 2311-2319.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2024-0047

• Genetic & Breeding·Germplasm Resources·Molecular Biology • Previous Articles Next Articles

Karyotype Analysis of Four Cultivars of Peppers Based on Fluorescence in situ Hybridization

LUO Yin¹^,²^,^*(), LUO Xirong¹, WU Shiqi³, LI Tangyan¹, LI Jing¹, QIU Huarong¹, QIN Cheng¹^,^*()

¹ Engineering Research Center of Zunyi Pepper Germplasm Resources Conservation and Breeding Cultivation of Guizhou Province，Modern Agriculture Department，Zunyi Vocational and Technical College，Zunyi，Guizhou 563006，China
² Longping Branch，College of Biology，Hunan University，Changsha 410125，China
³ College of Life Sciences，Guizhou University，Guiyang 550025，China

Received:2024-01-16 Revised:2024-07-23 Online:2024-10-25 Published:2024-10-21
Contact: LUO Yin, QIN Cheng

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to analyze the karyotype characteristics of different cultivars of peppers，‘Zunla-1’（Capsicum annuum L.)，‘Hainan Huangdenglong’（Capsicum chinense Jacquin），‘Muaraparte Rojo’（Capsicum baccatum L.）and‘Mijiaolü’（Capsicum frutescens L.），were used in this study. Karyotype analysis was performed using chromosome Fluorescence in situ Hybridization technique（FISH）. The results showed that the four peppers were diploid，and the chromosome number was 2n = 2x = 24. The chromosome length of Zunla-1 is 3.4-7.4 μm，which is mainly metacentric and submetacentric chromosomes，and the karyotype belongs to 20m + 3sm + 1st type. The chromosome length of Hainan Huangdenglong is 4.6-7.4 μm，which is mainly composed of median centromere and median centromere chromosomes，and the karyotype belongs to 2M + 22m. The chromosome length of Muaraparte Rojo was 3.0-4.5 μm，mainly metacentric chromosome，and the karyotype formula was 24m. The length of Mijiaolü chromosome was 3.9-4.9 μm，and it was mainly metacentric chromosome，which was 23m + 1sm type. The results of 5S rDNA and 18S rDNA FISH showed that 18S rDNA（20 loci）as probe showed more loci than 5S rDNA（8 loci）on chromosome，individual differences exist among four cultivars of peppers，the number of 5S rDNA loci on chromosome was 2，but the number of 18S rDNA loci was different，Mijiaolü has the highest number（8），followed by Muaraparte Rojo（6），and the lowest is Hainan Huangdenglong（2）.

Key words: pepper, cultivar, fluorescence in situ hybridization, karyotype analysis

LUO Yin, LUO Xirong, WU Shiqi, LI Tangyan, LI Jing, QIU Huarong, QIN Cheng. Karyotype Analysis of Four Cultivars of Peppers Based on Fluorescence in situ Hybridization[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2024, 51(10): 2311-2319.

Figures/Tables 4

References 23

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品种 Cultivar	染色体编号 Chromo- some No.	相对长度/% Relative length	臂比 Arm ratio	着丝粒指数/% Centromere index	核型公式 Formula of karyotypes	染色体类型 Type	核型不对称系数/% As.k	核型分类 Karyotype type
遵辣1号 Zunla-1	1	5.63 + 4.87 = 10.49	1.16	46.38	2n = 2x = 24 = 20 m + 3sm + 1st	m	56.40	2B
	2	5.73 + 4.35 = 10.08	1.32	43.15		m
	3	4.79 + 4.55 = 9.35	1.05	48.72		m
	4	5.10 + 4.18 = 9.28	1.22	45.04		sm
	5	4.71 + 4.18 = 8.89	1.13	47.02		m
	6	4.51 + 4.25 = 8.76	1.06	48.52		m
	7	4.39 + 4.13 = 8.52	1.06	48.47		m
	8	5.25 + 2.96 = 8.21	1.78	36.05		m
	9	4.71 + 3.06 = 7.77	1.54	39.38		sm
	10	3.63 + 3.44 = 7.07	1.06	48.66		m
	11	5.06 + 1.71 = 6.77	2.95	25.26		sm
	12	2.88 + 1.94 = 4.82	1.48	40.25		st
海南黄灯笼 Hainan Huangdenglong	1	5.42 + 4.60 = 10.02	1.18	45.91	2n = 2x = 24 = 2M +	m	53.49	1A
	2	5.71 + 4.27 = 9.98	1.34	42.79	22m	m
	3	4.91 + 4.32 = 9.23	1.14	46.80		m
	4	4.59 + 4.53 = 9.12	1.01	49.67		m
	5	4.40 + 4.24 = 8.64	1.04	49.07		m
	6	4.55 + 4.07 = 8.62	1.12	47.22		m
	7	4.80 + 3.47 = 8.27	1.39	41.96		m
	8	4.06 + 3.80 = 7.87	1.07	48.35		m
	9	4.23 + 3.60 = 7.83	1.18	45.98		m
	10	4.29 + 3.33 = 7.63	1.29	43.70		m
	11	3.39 + 3.18 = 6.57	1.06	48.40		m
	12	3.13 + 3.09 = 6.22	1.01	49.68		m
Muaraparte Rojo	1	4.80 + 4.68 = 9.48	1.03	49.37	2n = 2x = 24 = 24m	m	53.84	1A
	2	4.77 + 4.51 = 9.28	1.06	48.60		m
	3	4.87 + 4.23 = 9.10	1.15	46.48		m
	4	5.16 + 3.68 = 8.84	1.40	41.63		m
	5	4.74 + 4.08 = 8.82	1.16	46.26		m
	6	4.85 + 3.90 = 8.74	1.24	44.57		m
	7	4.76 + 3.43 = 8.19	1.39	41.88		m
	8	4.48 + 3.58 = 8.06	1.25	44.42		m
	9	4.08 + 3.92 = 8.01	1.04	49.00		m
	10	4.31 + 3.66 = 7.97	1.18	45.92		m
	11	3.81 + 3.42 = 7.22	1.11	47.30		m
	12	3.22 + 3.06 = 6.27	1.05	48.73		m
米椒绿 Mijiaolü	1	4.95 + 4.36 = 9.30	1.14	46.83	2n = 2x = 24 = 23m + 1sm	m	53.94	1A
	2	5.03 + 4.25 = 9.28	1.18	45.80		m
	3	4.59 + 4.15 = 8.74	1.11	47.48		m
	4	4.65 + 4.00 = 8.64	1.16	46.24		m
	5	4.29 + 4.21 = 8.50	1.02	49.53		m
	6	4.31 + 4.15 = 8.46	1.04	49.05		m
	7	4.40 + 3.99 = 8.39	1.10	47.56		m
	8	4.36 + 3.80 = 8.17	1.15	46.57		m
	9	5.02 + 3.10 = 8.12	1.62	38.18		m
	10	4.03 + 3.65 = 7.69	1.10	47.53		m
	11	4.53 + 2.90 = 7.43	1.56	39.03		m
	12	3.77 + 3.51 = 7.27	1.07	48.21		sm

品种 Cultivar	染色体编号 Chromo- some No.	相对长度/% Relative length	臂比 Arm ratio	着丝粒指数/% Centromere index	核型公式 Formula of karyotypes	染色体类型 Type	核型不对称系数/% As.k	核型分类 Karyotype type
遵辣1号 Zunla-1	1	5.63 + 4.87 = 10.49	1.16	46.38	2n = 2x = 24 = 20 m + 3sm + 1st	m	56.40	2B
	2	5.73 + 4.35 = 10.08	1.32	43.15		m
	3	4.79 + 4.55 = 9.35	1.05	48.72		m
	4	5.10 + 4.18 = 9.28	1.22	45.04		sm
	5	4.71 + 4.18 = 8.89	1.13	47.02		m
	6	4.51 + 4.25 = 8.76	1.06	48.52		m
	7	4.39 + 4.13 = 8.52	1.06	48.47		m
	8	5.25 + 2.96 = 8.21	1.78	36.05		m
	9	4.71 + 3.06 = 7.77	1.54	39.38		sm
	10	3.63 + 3.44 = 7.07	1.06	48.66		m
	11	5.06 + 1.71 = 6.77	2.95	25.26		sm
	12	2.88 + 1.94 = 4.82	1.48	40.25		st
海南黄灯笼 Hainan Huangdenglong	1	5.42 + 4.60 = 10.02	1.18	45.91	2n = 2x = 24 = 2M +	m	53.49	1A
	2	5.71 + 4.27 = 9.98	1.34	42.79	22m	m
	3	4.91 + 4.32 = 9.23	1.14	46.80		m
	4	4.59 + 4.53 = 9.12	1.01	49.67		m
	5	4.40 + 4.24 = 8.64	1.04	49.07		m
	6	4.55 + 4.07 = 8.62	1.12	47.22		m
	7	4.80 + 3.47 = 8.27	1.39	41.96		m
	8	4.06 + 3.80 = 7.87	1.07	48.35		m
	9	4.23 + 3.60 = 7.83	1.18	45.98		m
	10	4.29 + 3.33 = 7.63	1.29	43.70		m
	11	3.39 + 3.18 = 6.57	1.06	48.40		m
	12	3.13 + 3.09 = 6.22	1.01	49.68		m
Muaraparte Rojo	1	4.80 + 4.68 = 9.48	1.03	49.37	2n = 2x = 24 = 24m	m	53.84	1A
	2	4.77 + 4.51 = 9.28	1.06	48.60		m
	3	4.87 + 4.23 = 9.10	1.15	46.48		m
	4	5.16 + 3.68 = 8.84	1.40	41.63		m
	5	4.74 + 4.08 = 8.82	1.16	46.26		m
	6	4.85 + 3.90 = 8.74	1.24	44.57		m
	7	4.76 + 3.43 = 8.19	1.39	41.88		m
	8	4.48 + 3.58 = 8.06	1.25	44.42		m
	9	4.08 + 3.92 = 8.01	1.04	49.00		m
	10	4.31 + 3.66 = 7.97	1.18	45.92		m
	11	3.81 + 3.42 = 7.22	1.11	47.30		m
	12	3.22 + 3.06 = 6.27	1.05	48.73		m
米椒绿 Mijiaolü	1	4.95 + 4.36 = 9.30	1.14	46.83	2n = 2x = 24 = 23m + 1sm	m	53.94	1A
	2	5.03 + 4.25 = 9.28	1.18	45.80		m
	3	4.59 + 4.15 = 8.74	1.11	47.48		m
	4	4.65 + 4.00 = 8.64	1.16	46.24		m
	5	4.29 + 4.21 = 8.50	1.02	49.53		m
	6	4.31 + 4.15 = 8.46	1.04	49.05		m
	7	4.40 + 3.99 = 8.39	1.10	47.56		m
	8	4.36 + 3.80 = 8.17	1.15	46.57		m
	9	5.02 + 3.10 = 8.12	1.62	38.18		m
	10	4.03 + 3.65 = 7.69	1.10	47.53		m
	11	4.53 + 2.90 = 7.43	1.56	39.03		m
	12	3.77 + 3.51 = 7.27	1.07	48.21		sm

Karyotype Analysis of Four Cultivars of Peppers Based on Fluorescence in situ Hybridization

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