Abstract: ‘Nanhu Hongling’，a new cultivar of water caltrop（Trapa acornis Nakano）with red pericarp and non-horn was selected with local cultivar‘Shuihongling’as female parent and‘Nanhuling’as male parent. The shape of fruit is like the silver ingot Yuanbao（an ancient Chinese coin），the pericarp is light purplish red，the gloss is good，the four corners are degraded，the pulp is milky white，the raw fruit is crisp，and the cooked food is powdery and waxy. The fruit shape and taste are similar to that of‘Nanhuling’. The yield is equivalent to that of‘Nanhuling’，with an average of about 12 000 kg • hm-2.

Key words: Trapa acornis, non-horn Trapa, plant breeding, red pericarp, cultivar