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园艺学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (8): 1465-1474.

• 果树 • 上一篇    下一篇

枇杷属植物核型分析及其在系统分类中的应用

李桂芬1,2,梁国鲁3,林顺权1,*   

  1. (1华南农业大学园艺学院,广州 510642;2广西壮族自治区农业科学院园艺研究所,南宁 530007;3西南大学园艺园林学院,重庆 400715)
  • 收稿日期:2013-01-04 出版日期:2013-08-25 发布日期:2013-08-25

A Study on Karyotype Analysis of Genus Eriobotrya and Its Application to Systematic Taxonomy

LI Gui-fen1,2,LIANG Guo-lu3,and LIN Shun-quan1,*   

  1. (1 College of Horticulture,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China;2 Horticulture Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agriculture Sciences,Nanning 530007,China;3College of Horticulture and Lanscape Architecture,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)
  • Received:2013-01-04 Online:2013-08-25 Published:2013-08-25

摘要: 对21个枇杷属材料和1个枇杷近缘属材料(石斑木)用去壁低渗—火焰干燥法进行染色体制片,进行核型分析,结果发现:所试材料的体细胞染色体数均为2n = 34,为二倍体,染色体类型包括中部(m)、近中部(sm)和近端部(st)着丝点染色体(st,仅存在于大花枇杷中)3种,核型公式为2n = 2x = 34 = 16 ~ 24m + 10 ~ 18sm(+ 2st),属2A对称型核型。根据各个种的中部着丝点染色体(m)的多少,可将22个材料初步分为5类,从第1类到第5类枇杷,核型不对称性依次增强,表明其系统演化地位逐渐进化。

关键词: 枇杷属, 核型分析, 系统演化

Abstract: In this paper the wall degradation hypotonic method was used to prepare mitotic chromosome sample of 21 materials(16 species,4 varieties,1 interspecific hybrid)of Eriobotrya and 1 closed genus of Eriobotrya[Rhaphiolepis indica(L.)Lindl.]. The results indicated that the chromosome number was 2n = 2x = 34 in all the materials,and the karyotypes of Eriobotrya and Rhaphiolepis indica consist of three kinds of chromosome:m,sm,and st(only in E. cavaleriei Rehd). The karyotype formula was 2n = 2x = 34 =(16 to 24)m +(10 to 18)sm(+ 2st)for all materials. According to the karyotype data,it can be concluded that the karyotypes of 21 Eriobotrya materials belongs to Stebbins’2A,which is a symmetrical karyotype. According to the karyotype formula we preliminarily classified these Eriobotrya materials into 5 groups. The asymmetry increased gradually from the first group to the fifth group,which indicated the systematic evolution among groups is more and more advanced.

Key words: Eriobotrya, karyotype analysis, evolution