果树

• The Variation of Style Auto-fluorescence after Calmodulin Treatment on Self- and Cross-pollination in Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai.
• ZHOU Jian-tao;JIANG Xue-ting;LIU Zhu-qin;and ZHANG Shao-ling
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(6): 781-786.
• Abstract ( 2385 ) HTML ( 1250 ) PDF (502KB) ( 1250 ) 　　　
• Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM)were used to investigate the role of exogenous calmodulin (CaM) and anti-CaM serum in 'Hosui' style auto-fluorescence characterization after self- and cross-pollination for 12 h and 72 h. The results showed that the auto-fluorescence of cross-pollination topside style treated with CaM for 12h reduced and the bottom increased, but the auto-fluorescence of self-pollination style treated with CaM increased except 2 500～3 000 μm behind stigma. Anti-CaM serum treated cross-pollination style increased the whole auto-fluorescence except 2 500～3 000 μm behind stigmaand the tiptop of self-pollination after anti-CaM serum treatment moved to 1 000～1 500 μm behide stigma. After pollination 72 h, the style of cross-pollination treated with CaM increased its auto-fluorescence and the highest value was at ovary. Self-pollination style treated with CaM changed the distributing disciplinarian of auto-fluorescence, its tiptop were at 1 500～2 000 μm behide stigma.The highest auto-fluorescence of self- and cross-pollination treated with anti-CaM serum moved to 0～500 μm behide stigma. This primary evdience showed here confirmed that exogenous calmodulin and anti-CaM serum have effected on metabolize of the self- and cross-pollination.
  
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• Effects on the Growth of Root and Cadmium Accumulation in Lichun Peach under Cadmium Stress
• WANG You-nian;GUAN Wei;XING Yan-feng;DU Xiang-tang;YANG Ai-zhen;and WANG Yi-ming
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(6): 787-792.
• Abstract ( 2313 ) HTML ( 1495 ) PDF (465KB) ( 1495 ) 　　　
• The seedlings of 'Lichun' peach（Prunus persica L.Batsch.）grown in MS nutrient solution under different levels（1, 2, 4 , 8 , 16 , 64 mg·L-1） of cadmium at pH 5.6 for 12 d were adopted in the observation. Changes on the growth of roots associating with Cd accumulation in organ, stem tissue and subcellular parts were investigated respectively. The results demonstrated that the rate of root growth increased significantly（P<0.05） after 2 d of exposure to 4 mg·L ^-1 Cd, in addition it diminished along with increasing days under Cd stress. After 6 d of suffering from Cd concentration over 4 mg·L ^-1, the growth of root was restrained obviously and the change of vegetal rate was decreased. When the seedlings were disposed subjecting 64 mg·L ^-1 Cd, the ability of root growth was completely inhibited. The accumulation of Cd in organ of the seedlings was higher than root, followed by stem and leaf. Furthermore the content of Cd in xylem was more than that in phloem, the subcellular distribution of Cd was not equilibrated, and the accumulation of Cd in the cell wall of root and leaf was more than that in the soluble materials. The accumulation of Cd in the cell nucleolus of root and leaf was more than that in mitochondria. The content of Cd in the cell wall of root was significantly（P<0.05）higher than that in other subcellular tissue. It suggested that the cell wall of root play an important role in alleviating Cd damage due to high Cd content.
  
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• Diurnal Variations and Light Response of Photosynthesis in Three Cultivars and Wild Type of Ziziphus mauritiana Lam.
• LIANG Kai-ming;CAO Hong-lin;XU Zhi-fang;YE Wan-hui;LIU Shi-ping;and LI Wu-jun;
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(6): 793-798.
• Abstract ( 2966 ) HTML ( 1959 ) PDF (538KB) ( 1959 ) 　　　

• Under the field conditions in winter, diurnal variations and light response of photosynthesis in leaves of three cultivated species and their wild species of Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. were investigated by using the Li-6400 portable photosynthesis system. The results indicated that the diurnal variation of net photosynthetic rate (Pn) exhibited dual-peak curves because of midday depression. Pn, transpiration rate (Tr) and water use efficiency (WUE) of Dacuimi cultivar were significantly higher than those of Misi and Wuqian cultivars. The lightly increase in Ci and the decrease in stomatal limitation (Ls) accompanied a reduction of Pn at noon indicated that the depression of photosynthetic rate was mainly due to the non-stomatal limitations. The light compensation point (LCP) and saturation point (LSP) were 21.2～51.6 (mol·m-2·s-1 and 800～1800 (mol·m-2·s-1 ,respectively, in these cultivars, and the apparent quantum yield(AQY) were 0.032～0.057. Thus, it is suggested that the tested four Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. were heliophilous plants. Because of higher LSP in Dacuimi and wild species, these plants showed heliophilous abilities. However, the LSP and LCP of Wuqian were lower than the others, which might reveal a helioskiophyte feature. Therefore, it was suggested that appropriate cultivars and managing methods should be chosen by different photosynthetic traits such as Pn, WUE and Tr in the production of Ziziphus mauritiana Lam.

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• Cloning of cDNA for ACC Oxidase from Fruit of Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai and Construction of Its Corresponding Antisense Expression Vector
• QIAO Yu-shan;SONG Chang-nian;QU Shen-chun;HU Zhong-dong;XIONG Ai-sheng;YAO Quan-hong;and ZHANG Zhen
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(6): 799-804.
• Abstract ( 2370 ) HTML ( 1507 ) PDF (515KB) ( 1507 ) 　　　

• A conserved fragment of ACC oxidase cDNA, and its corresponding 5'- and 3'-end sequences were successfully obtained from sand pear (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai 'Zaosheng Xinshui' ) by RT-PCR and RACE. They were spliced into a 1 225 bp full length cDNA which designated as Pyp-ACO. Its open reading frame is 945 nucleotides in length, and its upstream and downstream are 63 bp of 5'-UTR and 217 bp of 3'-UTR. The sequence was deposited in GenBank database, accession number EF451060. The nucleic acid of Pyp-ACO shares 98.3% and 98.1% sequence identity with those of P. communis L. and Malus×domestica Borkh.. The deduced amino acid sequence of Pyp-ACO was 314 residues and contains twelve conserved residues belonging to non-heme iron (II) dependent family of oxygenases/oxidases and three residues essential for emzyme activation. A binary antisense expression vector with Pyp-ACO coding region was constructed by inserting the target fragment in reverse orientation in pYPX145. The expression of the gene is controlled by a double 35S promoter. The vector was successfully introduced into Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA4404 for further transformation to develop transgenic pear for fruit with longer shelf life.
  

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• Detection and Sequencing of Apple scar skid viroid from Apricot in Xinjiang
• ZHAO Ying and NIU Jian-xin
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(6): 805-810.
• Abstract ( 2500 ) HTML ( 1583 ) PDF (616KB) ( 1583 ) 　　　

• Present study was conducted based on the previous research of Apple scar skin viroid (ASSVd) for apple and pear, used material of apricot was those that showed positive signal of blot hybridization detection. Full-length special fragment of ASSVd for apricot was amplicated using RT-PCR protocol, then was recycled, cloned and sequenced. It was demonstrated that the full-length genome of ASSVd of apricot is 330 nt long (GenBank numbered with EU031477 to EU031486). The exist of ASSVd in apricots was reconfirmed by the results of In situ RT - PCR , and ASSVd mainly located in nucleolus of mesophyll cell. The fact of infecting capability of apricot enlarged the host ranges of ASSVd.

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• Preparation of Antiserum of the Recombinant PthA-NLS and Its Inhibition Effect on Citrus Canker Disease
• HU Chun-hua;XU Lei;MA Xian-feng;LONG Gui-you;LIU Kun-yu;and DENG Zi-niu
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(6): 811-818.
• Abstract ( 2667 ) HTML ( 1574 ) PDF (872KB) ( 1574 ) 　　　

• The sequence encoding three nuclear localizing signals (NLSs) at the C-terminal of pthA, was amplified by PCR from the plasmid of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri. and cloned into PET32a(+) vector. The recombinant plasmid named PthA-NLS was identified by restriction digestiion and sequence analysis. The sequence of the cloned NLSs had 99.9% of similarity with that of pthA in GenBank. The recombinant fusion protein was expressed in E.coli BL21 (DE3) and analyzed by 12% SDS-PAGE. A 48 kD of recombinant fusion protein was purified with Ni2+-NTA resin. The antiserum was obtained by immunizing Balb/c mouse with the purified recombinant protein and then identified by Western Blotting and ELISA analysis. The result demonstrated that the antiserum could specifically bind to the recombinant protein and the PthA from X. axonopodis pv. citri., as well as to partially inhibit the disease development. The successful cloning, expression and the preparation of PthA-NLS specific mouse antiserum offered the ways for better understanding the pathogenesis of pthA and the development of a rapid method for molecular detection of citrus canker.
  
  

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蔬菜

• The Effects of Silicon on Signal Substances of Anthracnose-Defense Response in Flowering Chinese Cabbage
• YANG Xian;YANG Yue-sheng;and FENG Hong-xian
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(6): 819-826.
• Abstract ( 1994 ) HTML ( 1455 ) PDF (813KB) ( 1455 ) 　　　

• The influences of silicon (Si) on the signaling systems of phosphoinositides and calmodulin (CaM) in flowering Chinese cabbage (Brassica Campestris L. ssp. Chinensis var. utilis Tsen et Lee ) was studied using the inoculation of anthracnose (Colletotrichum higginsianum) at different Si levels. Results indicated that Si played a manifest regulating role on the formation of phosphatidylinositol (PI) and phosphatidylinositol-4-monophosphate (PIP). After the infection by anthracnose, there were clearly different fluctuations of PI contents between different cultivars . At the suitable Si level, infection induced high PI content. Due to the infection, PI content increased manifestly in the susceptible cultivar at medium Si level and in the resistant cultivar at low and medium Si levels, but showed unstable trend in other treatments. The accumulation of PIP was inhibited at the early infection stage and turned to be promoted at the late infection stage in the susceptible cultivar, but the accumulation pattern of PIP was completely reverse in the resistant cultivar. At suitable Si level, the infection by anthracnose manifestly increased PIP contents in both susceptible and resistant cultivars, especially in the late infection stage with stronger induction. This is probably related to the degradation of PI in large amount and the transfer of disease-resisting signals at the late infection stage. Si also affected the CaM contents, with the extents relating to the infection by anthracnose. Low Si level clearly promoted the inducing effect of anthracnose on CaM in the susceptible cultivar, while medium Si level showed strong promoting effect on the
  收稿日期：2008-01-02 ；修回日期：2008-

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• Study on Flower Bud Differentiation and Cloning and Expression of BrcuFLC in Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis (L.) Makino var. utilis
• XIAO Xu-feng;CAO Bi-hao;WANG Yong;CHEN Guo-ju;and LEI Jian-jun
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(6): 827-832.
• Abstract ( 2205 ) HTML ( 1633 ) PDF (590KB) ( 1633 ) 　　　
• The morphogenesis of the flower buds of the early and late varieties of flowering Chinese cabbage was found to be almost the same. All flower buds began to differentiate at the 2 to 3 leaf stage. Based on the conserved sequence of Flowering Locus C (FLC) and FRIGIDA (FRI) gene of Arabidopsis thaliana, a 612 bp fragment with an ORF encoding 198 amino acids and a 463 bp cDNA fragment were amplified by RT-PCR from cDNA of flower stalk and were named BrcuFLC (GenBank accession number: EF138603) and BrcuFRI (GenBank accession number: EU700362). Semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis showed that the expression of BrcuFLC was different in the early and late varieties. With the increase of the leaves, the BrcuFLC expression of two varieties were decreased, but the decrease quantity was not obvious in the late variety. The expression of BrcuFRI was very low in both of two varieties. BrcuFLC would transcript differently at various sites. The intensity of the stem and leave was distinctly more strong than that of flower and root, but for the BrcuFRI expression, the intensity of the root was the most strong in four organs'.
  
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• Establishment and Optimization of a High-frequency Shoot Regeneration System of Turnip (Brassica rapa L. ssp. rapifera)
• MA Guang;ZHOU Bo;and LI Yu-hua
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(6): 833-840.
• Abstract ( 2200 ) HTML ( 1379 ) PDF (444KB) ( 1379 ) 　　　

• With cotyledonary petiole and hypocotyl explants, the shoot regeneration frequencies of three turnip (Brassica rapa L. ssp. rapifera) cultivars were examined. To achieve a high-frequency regeneration system, the hormone combination of thidiazuron (TDZ) and naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) was compared with combination of benzyladenine (BA) and NAA on shoot regeneration. The results show that cotyledonary petioles were the best explant and that Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 7.0 mg·L^-1TDZ and 1.0 mg·L^-1 NAA was suitable recipe for getting high-frequency shoot regeneration. Based the recipe, the effects of AgNO3 concentration, seedling age, pre-culture time of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) were investigated to optimize the shoot regeneration system. The results suggseted that petiolate cotyledon with seedling age of 5 d cultured in MS medium containing TDZ 7.0 mg·L^-1 + NAA 1.0 mg·L^-1 + AgNO3 5.0 mg·L^-1 followed by pre-culture with 2,4-D 1.0 mg·L-1 for 2d can be induced with highest-frequency regeneration. The highest shoot formation rate was about 90%. The rooting percentage of shoots was 100% on MS supplemented with 0.1 mg·L^-1 indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). The 95% rooted shoots survived in a greenhouse.
  

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• Optimization of Culturing Conditions for Toxin Production by Sclerotium cepivorum Berk. of Garlic
• ZHANG lin-qing; and CHENG Zhi-hui
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(6): 841-846.
• Abstract ( 2394 ) HTML ( 1504 ) PDF (292KB) ( 1504 ) 　　　
• A test of crude toxin toxicity using garlic root inhibition was examined from toxin production related to culture medium, temperature, pH, culturing duration, light, dark or shaking conditions. Investigations concerned a garlic white rot pathogen, Sclerotium cepivorum Berk. Results showed that optimum conditions included using a Fries liquid medium at pH 5 and at18 oC, with successive dark periods and shaking during culturing. Production of crude toxin reached the highest level on the 6th day of culturing.
  
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• Cloning of Pokeweed Antiviral Protein Gene from Phytolacca acinosa and its Transfer to Pepper(Capsicum annuum L)
• CHEN Guo-ju;SHI Li;LEI Jian-jun CAO Bi-hao;and ZENG Guo-ping
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(6): 847-852.
• Abstract ( 2072 ) HTML ( 1402 ) PDF (466KB) ( 1402 ) 　　　

• The aim of this study is to obtain transgenic pepper plants resistant to TMV and CMV that could be used in breeding new pepper variety with virus-resistant traits. The primers were designed based on the sequences of PAP in Phytolacca Americana to amplify non-virulent defective PAP gene , PacPAP1 from genomic DNA of leaves in Phytolacca acinosa. The expression vectors was constructed and the PacPAP1 was transferred into pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) by flamingo bill mediated-Agrobacterium. In the transgenic plants , the molecular test were done and resistance assay was performed at 25d following artificial inoculation with TMV or CMV. The results showed that the size of the isolated non-virulent defective PacPAP is 714bp, bearing 99.7% identity with PamPAP from Phytolacca american. The accession numbers of the gene in GenBank is AY603353. The transgenic pepper plants were obtained with PacPAP. The non-transgenic pepper plants were susceptible to virus, no symptoms were observed in the positive transgenic plants. This suggests that transgenic pepper plant resistant to TMV and CMV can be obtained by transferring PacPAP1.

  
  

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观赏植物

• Identification of Intersectional Hybrid between Section Moutan and Section Paeonia Found in China for the First Time
• HAO Qing; LIU Zheng-an; SHU Qing-yan; WANG Liang-sheng; and CHEN Fu-fei
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(6): 853-858.
• Abstract ( 2804 ) HTML ( 2429 ) PDF (404KB) ( 2429 ) 　　　

• This paper reported the discovery process and identification method for the first intersectional hybrid between sect. Moutan and sect. Paeonia in China, which was named after 'He Xie'. According to observation and comparison on morphology of sect. Moutan, sect. Paeonia and 'He Xie', the morphology of 'He Xie' had the features similar to both herbaceous peony and tree peony, but more similar to herbaceous peony; Using SRAP (Sequence-related amplified polymorphism) molecular marker technique, the results revealed that the amplified fragments respectively unique to sect. Moutan and sect. Paeonia showed additivity in 'He Xie', which proved that it was could be the hybrid of the both section. 'He Xie' was proposed to be perennial herb by intersectional hybridization between the two sections identified from the aspects of morphology and molecular biology.
  

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• Physical Localization of 45S rDNA on the Chromosomes of 4 Species of the Genus Lilium
• Zhou Shu-jun;Jaap van Tuyl;Zang De-kui;Xia Yi-ping;and Li Fang
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(6): 859-862.
• Abstract ( 2459 ) HTML ( 1461 ) PDF (319KB) ( 1461 ) 　　　

• 45S rDNA was mapped on the chromosomes of Lilium. longiflorum, L. leichtlinii, L. auratum and L. pardalinum of the genus Lilium using fluorescence in situ hybridization in this paper. The result showed that 45S rDNA were localized near the centromere region in these four species, but the number of the 45S rDNA sites, which chromosomes having the 45S rDNA signal, and the intensity of the 45S rDNA signal somewhat varied in the four species. Three pairs of chromosomes have the 45S rDNA signal in L. longiflorum and L. pardalinum, while four pairs of chromosomes have the 45S rDNA signal in L. leichtlinii and L. auratum. Nevertheless, the two pairs of metacentric chromosomes of L. auratum have the 45S rDNA signal, one pair of metacentric chromosomes of L. leichtlinii have the 45S rDNA signal, but no 45S rDNA signal is on any metacentric chromosome of L. longiflorum and L. pardalinum. Considering the four species belonging to different sections in Lilium, the result supplies some molecular evidence for supporting the Lilium classification.
  

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• The Diversity of Flower Color of the Ornamental Sunflower and the Relation to Anthocyanins
• ZHANG Yuan-yuan;;QI Dong-mei;LIU Hui;ZHANG Ji-chong;LI Chong-hui;ZHANG jie;WANG Liang-sheng;and LIU Gong-she
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(6): 863-868.
• Abstract ( 2404 ) HTML ( 2260 ) PDF (664KB) ( 2260 ) 　　　

• Flower color is one of the most important ornamental characters. This study is the first report on the polymorphism of flower color of the ornamental sunflower. The floral color was measured according to the Royal Horticultural Society Colour Chart (RHSCC) and by a NF333 spectrophotometer. And UV-Visible spectra of flower pigments were performed. The results indicated that the floral color of the ornamental sunflower includes the red group and the yellow group. The results also showed that there are 9 anthocyanins of all 36 ornamental sunflower genotypes. Only one anthocyanin was detected in all 36 experimental materials. The results of the multilevel mass spectrum showed that the anthocyandin of the sunflower was cyanidin. The cyanidin was combined to glucose, rhamnose and/or arabinose to form glucosides. But we did not detect the cyanin in the pure yellow sunflower. This supposes that the cyanin was the matter of the red group of the ornamental sunflower.

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研究简报

• Effects of Fruit-thinning on Fruits Development, Pigmentation and Carbohydrate Content in Plant Organs of Wampee
• LIU Chuan-he;CHEN Jie-zhong;LIU Yun-chun;and LI Juan
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(6): 869-872.
• Abstract ( 2437 ) HTML ( 1466 ) PDF (306KB) ( 1466 ) 　　　
• The wampee (Clausena lansium (Lour.) Skeels) cultivar 'Dajixin' was used to study the effects of two levels, ie, 50% and25%, fruit-thinning on fruits development, pigmentation and carbohydrate content in plant organs, and non-thinning as control. The main results were as follows. The yields of 50% and 25% fruit-thinning treatment in this trail were decreased in a certain degree, compared with control. But fruit-thinning promoted the development of wampee fruits. At harvest (95 days after anthesis), compared with control, the fresh mass of individual fruit with 50% and 25% fruit-thinning increased by 33.7% and 13.9%, respectively. Fruit-thinning was helpful to the pigmentation of wampee fruits, and increased the total content of carbohydrate in plant organs such as leaves, 1-cm-size stems, fructiferous stems and fruits. In addition, compared with control, fruit-thinning promoted the growth of shoots after harvest, and increased their lengths and diameters significantly.
  
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• Plant Regeneration from Protoplast Culture of Musa AAB Silk cv. Guoshanxiang
• XIAO Wang;HUANG Xia;WEI Yue-rong;ZHAO Jie-tang;DAI Xue-mei and HUANG Xue-lin
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(6): 873-878.
• Abstract ( 2994 ) HTML ( 1698 ) PDF (659KB) ( 1698 ) 　　　

• A protocol for plant regeneration from protoplast of Musa AAB Silk cv. Guoshanxiang via somatic embryogenesis was developed. Viable protoplasts were isolated from embryogenic cell suspension (ECS) in a enzyme mixture of 3.5% cellulose R-10, 1% macerozyme R-10, 0.15% pectinase Y-23 and 0.41 mol/L manntitol, the yield was 3.1×107 protoplasts per mL packed cell volume (PCV) ECS. Liquid and feeder layer culture systems with medium 'A' and medium 'B' were used respectively for protoplast culture. In liquid culture system, medium 'B' was more efficient for inducing cell division and colony formation which was about 3-fold and 10-folod respectively, compared to that with medium 'A'. However, all protoplast-derived cell colonies obtained from liquid culture system could not develop further. In feeder layer culture system, there was no significant difference between medium 'A' and medium 'B' on cell division and colony formation of the cultured protoplasts. Protoplast-derived cell colonies from feeder layer culture system were then transferred onto embryo induction medium for somatic embryogenesis. Forty-five days after the cell colonies were transferred on embryo induction medium, 1550 mature embryos were obtained from 105 protoplasts. After another 30 d of culture, 7.8% of mature embryos germinated. Normal plantlets were obtained from MS basal medium supplemented with 0.1% activated charcoal and the plantlets were transferred into pots and grew well.
  
  

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• Characteristics of Ethylene Production and Gene Expression of Ethylene Receptors in Pre-cooled Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica)
• WANG Ran;WANG Cheng-rong;QIN Fei-fei;Masaya Kato;Fumie Nishikawa;and Hiroshi Hyodo
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(6): 879-884.
• Abstract ( 2582 ) HTML ( 1591 ) PDF (767KB) ( 1591 ) 　　　

• The characteristic of ethylene production and gene expression of ethylene receptors were studied in pre-cooled broccoli which were stored under 20 ℃. The results showed that during 0-6 h of storage, the ethylene production increased in the cross section of stem (0-2 mm), while decreased markedly in florets. Changes in the activity of ACC synthase were in agreement with those of the ethylene production rate. ACC content increased from 0 h to 6 h and decreased from 6 h to 12 h in all tested tissues. The florets had the lowest level of ACC content. The MACC level in florets was relatively high and remained stable during the experimental period. The lowest level of MACC appeared in the basal portion of florets. Though it was significantly higher in florets than that in the stem tissues, the activity of ACC oxidase increased from 0 h to 12 h in all tested tissues，which was inconsistent with the ethylene production. Northern blot analysis showed that mRNA levels of BO-ACS1 and BO-ACO2 in stem tissues were higher than that in florets at 0 h; mRNA levels at 12 h were lower than that at 0 h. In florets, the mRNA level of BO-ACS1 didn't increase at 12 h, however mRNA level of BO-ACO2 increased significantly. The transcripts of BO-ETR1, BO-ERS, and BO-ETR2 in the first layer of the cross section of stem and the BO-ERS in the florets were higher at 12 h than that at 0 h. The mRNA of BO-ETR2 could be only detected in the stem tissues.
  

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• Developing of RGA-CAPS markers for resistant gene R10 to potato late blight
• WANG Jia-jia;XU Jian-fei;LIYing;WANG Feng-yi;HUANG San-wen
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(6): 885-890.
• Abstract ( 1978 ) HTML ( 1462 ) PDF (477KB) ( 1462 ) 　　　
• R10 gene conferring resistance to potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) late blight is one of haplotypes in major late blight resistance complex (MLB). Based on sequence analysis for resistant genes known in this complex, it's indicated that these haplotypes have conserved domains and belong to R3a gene family. So twelve primer combinations were designed based on the conserved sequences of R3a gene and its homologs derived from MLB and were used to identify resistance gene analogs (RGA) closely linked to the R10 gene. The conserved primers combinations were screened by a population of the R10 differential (MaR10) and the susceptible potato (Solanum tuberosum) cultivar Katahdin. The PCR products then were digested with twelve restriction enzymes and were assessed for polymorphism by bulk segregant analysis. The RGA-CAPS marker RGA-600 and RGA-1000 linked 0.25 cM to the R10 gene, were developed and made base for the cloning of R10 gene.
  
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• Cloning and Sequence Analysis of 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylic Acid Oxidase Gene cDNA from Tree Peony
• ZHOU Lin and DONG Li
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(6): 891-894.
• Abstract ( 2237 ) HTML ( 1483 ) PDF (610KB) ( 1483 ) 　　　
• Total RNA was extracted from petals of 'Luoyang Hong' tree peony (Paeonia suffruticosa) with CTAB method, and a pair of degenerated primer was designed based on the reported conserved amino acid sequence of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase (ACO). A cDNA fragment with 821 bp was amplified by RT-PCR, and then full length of it, named Ps-ACO1 (GenBank No. DQ337251), was obtained by RACE and sequence spliced. Sequence analysis indicated that Ps-ACO1 is 1 221 bp in full length and contains a 939 bp open reading frame flanking by a 65 bp 5′-non-translation region and a 117 bp 3′-non-translation region, and encodes a 321 predicated amino acid residues which shared more than 80% homology with ACO of tobacco, apple, and peach and so on.
  
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• Establishment of A Highly Efficient System of Shoot Regeneration from Stem Segment Explants of Rhaphiolepis indica L.
• LIU Juan-Xu;LIU Ling;YU Yi-Xun;WANG Jing;and HUANG Xian-Bao
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(6): 895-898.
• Abstract ( 2386 ) HTML ( 1369 ) PDF (275KB) ( 1369 ) 　　　
• An efficient plant regeneration protocol for Rhaphiolepis indica L. was achieved via organogenesis direct formation on stem segment explants in vitro. Several factors affecting in vitro regeneration of R. indica, such as basic medium, different hormones combination, concentrations of sucrose and AgNO3, were examined. The optimum medium for shoot regeneration was MS medium containing 2.0 mg·L^-1 6-BA, 0.5 mg·L^-1 NAA, 1.0 mg·L^-1 AgNO₃ and 40 g·L^-1 sucrose. 90% of adventitious shoot regeneration frequency with 5.38 shoots per explants was obtained. Excised shoots were effectively elongated in 1/2 MS medium. Elongated shoots of 3.0 cm rooted when they were transferred to 1/2MS medium containing1.0 mg·L^-1 NAA after 40 days and developed into healthy plantlets, which resulted in a rooting rate of 100%.
  
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问题与讨论

• Countermeasures of Fruit Industry Sustainable Development in Tibet
• LI Mei-gui;XIE Zhong-chen;ZHENG Yu;CHEN Wei-feng;CAI Sheng-hua;LUO Song-yin-ba;Gu Sang-de-qing;and LI Jian
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(6): 899-908.
• Abstract ( 2303 ) HTML ( 1484 ) PDF (491KB) ( 1484 ) 　　　

• The valley in the middle and lower reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River , and the basins in Nujiang River, Lancangjiang River and Jinshajiang River on the north of the Hengduan Mountains in Changdu are the main fruit production areas in Tibet . Based on analyzing the current situation of fruit industry, the background of market, climate resources and fruit tree germplasm resources of main fruit production areas in Tibet, the paper provides thoughts on the development of characteristic fruit industry of Tibet , the market aim of which is mainly serving for tourism in Tibet, and suggestion of developing fruit industry. It also marks out the blueprint for sustainable development of the fruit industry.
  

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综述

• Petunia MADS-box Gene Family
• GUO Yu-long
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(6): 909-916.
• Abstract ( 1991 ) HTML ( 1822 ) PDF (418KB) ( 1822 ) 　　　
• MADS-box genes play pivotal roles in flower development. This paper reviews the progress of petunia MADS-box gene research, and put special emphasis on the contributions of petunia research to our knowledge about the roles of plant MADS-box family genes in plant development, and the functional conservation and diversity of MADS-box genes in angiosperms. We also reconstruct a phylogenetic tree of petunia and other selected MADS-box genes repositted in GenBank and discuss the problems in the petunia MADS-box gene research.
  
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Fruit Trees

• Progress of Molecular Basis of Biosynthesis and Transcriptional Regulation of Anthocyanins
• ZHANG Long;LI Wei-Hua;JIANG Shu-mei;ZHU Gen-fa;WANG Bi-qing;and LI Hong-qing
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(6): 909-916.
• Abstract ( 2191 ) HTML ( 2087 ) PDF (893KB) ( 2087 ) 　　　
• Anthocyanins are one of the main determinants of flower colors. The biosynthesis pathway of anthocyanins is one of the most extensively studied plant secondary metabolism. By the catalyzed of F3H, F3'H and F3'5'H, the biosynthesis of anthocyanins branched three pathway to form pelargonidin （orange to brick red）, cyanidin (pink to red) and delphinidin (purple to blue) separately. DFR, F3'H and F3'5'H are the most important genes for introducing new metabolic branches by genetic transformation to plants that lack some kinds of flower pigments. The research on biosynthesis of anthocyanins has been focused on the transcriptional regulation of structural genes in latest years. The transcriptional factors involved in biosynthesis of anthocyanins mainly include two kinds of protein families-bHLH and R2R3-MYB. The basic model of transcriptional regulation of biosynthesis of anthocyanins, including the interaction between bHLH and R2R3-MYB factors and the recognizing and binding of these factors to the cis-elements of structural genes, has been set up. Additionally, the study on the WD40s and phytochromes that located upstream of bHLH and R2R3-MYB factors in the transcriptional regulation system originates the research of the whole signal pathway from the stimulation of environmental factors to biosynthesis of anthocyanins.
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新品种

• A New Grape Cultivar 'Jingtianmeigui'
• XIANG Dian-fang;LI Shao-xing;ZHANG Meng-hong;LIU Jun;WANG Na;WANG Xue-dong;LUO Shu-xiang;QI Hui-xia;and GENG Xue-gang
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(6): 926-926.
• Abstract ( 2387 ) HTML ( 1255 ) PDF (74KB) ( 1255 ) 　　　
• 'Jingtianmeigui' is an interspecific hybrid cultivar derived from Muscat Hamburg (maternal plant) and Red globe (paternal plant). Its fruit cluster weighs 608. 0 g in average. Its berry is round in shape, purple-red to dark purple-red. The average mass of a single berry is 7.9 g. The soluble content of its berry is 20.5%. The flesh is fragile and juicy, and tastes sweet. The quality is excellent. The ripening date of berry is in the later ten days of August in east of Hebei.
  
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• A New Coconut Cultivar 'Wenye 3'
• FAN Hai-kuo;QIN wei-quan;HUNG Li-yun;TANG Long-xiang;ZHAO Song-lin;and MA Zi-long
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(6): 927-927.
• Abstract ( 2334 ) HTML ( 1304 ) PDF (94KB) ( 1304 ) 　　　
• 'Wenye 3', a new cultivar, is selected from Malaya red dwarf by Coconut Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropic Agriculture Science. Trunk is dwarf, fruit is red in color, high sugar in water, soft in meat and with an average mass of about 1 575 nut(hm(1 or about 3 000 nut(hm(1 for the highest. It go into anthesis for 3-4 years after planting, and could be planted in Hainan province, the best area is south and east of Hainan island.
  
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• A New Watermelon Variety 'Yuxing 3'
• SUN Shou-ru;MA Changsheng;ZHENG Xian-bo;ZHU Wei-ling;SUN Zhong-wei
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(6): 928-928.
• Abstract ( 1949 ) HTML ( 1224 ) PDF (94KB) ( 1224 ) 　　　
• ' Yuxing 3' is a new early-ripening watermelon cultivar, suitable for planting in greenhouse. The average fruit mass is about 7 kg , and the yield is 45-60 t.hm^-2.The fruit is long-ball with dark-green stripes on its surface .The flesh is bright red and juicy, and it's flavor is very sweet. It's texture is crisp. It's pericarp is thin but hard to crack. ‘Yuxing 3’ is resistant to diseases and suitable for storing and transporting.
  
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• A New Early Maturing Chinese Cabbage Cultivar by Isolated Microspore Culture 'Yuxin 58'
• YAO Qiu-ju;JIANG Wu-sheng;YUAN Yu-xiang;GENG Jian-feng;ZHANG Xiao-wei;WANG Zhi-yong
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(6): 929-929.
• Abstract ( 1849 ) HTML ( 1298 ) PDF (95KB) ( 1298 ) 　　　
• 'Yuxin 58'is a new Chinese cabbage hybrid,whose parents are self-incompatible double haploid lines induced by isolated microspore culture.It is early maturing and reuires only 58 to 60 days from sowing to maturaty.This cultivar is high resistant to turnip mosaic virus(TuMV)and softrot, resistant to downy mildew and black spot.Its head shape(height/diameter) index is 1.48 and a head mass ranges from 1.5 to 2.0kg.The mean yield is 67.5 t·hm-2.It has dwarf-head with leaf-tips overlapping on head top.Tender,crisp and slightly sweet leaves are suitable for both salad and cooking.
  
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• A New Cauliflower Cultivar‘Jinpin 50’
• ZHANG Bao-zhen;SUN De-ling;ZHAO Qian-cheng;FANG Wen-hui;CAI Rong-qi;LI Su-wen;LIU Li-li;and TONG Zhi-qiang
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(6): 930-930.
• Abstract ( 1893 ) HTML ( 1240 ) PDF (93KB) ( 1240 ) 　　　
• ‘jinpin 50’（F1）is a spring early maturing cauliflower hybrid ,Its harvest is about 50 days after transplanting, curd is tight and white, average mass is about0.73- 0.82 kg. The yield is 24.2%-28.1% higher than that of the control cultivar‘Jinxue 88’, 21.7%-24.2% higher than that of‘Xueshan’,the yield is 36 000~42 000 kg ．hm-2 , It is high quality and a special cultivar for protect cultivation in spring.
  
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• A New Heat-resistant Eggplant Cultivar 'Heishuai Yuanqie'
• WANG Mei;GAO Zhi-kui;REN Shi-fu;and HUANG Rui-hong
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(6): 931-931.
• Abstract ( 3190 ) HTML ( 1293 ) PDF (406KB) ( 1293 ) 　　　

• 'Heishuai Yuanqie' is an excellent eggplant hybrid. It has a series of good characteristics: stronger growth, higher setting-fruit ability, excellent merchandise quality and edible quality, higher tolerant to heat temperature, middling and later maturity, Its fruit is ball, purple-dark and full of shine. Its pulp is whiteness, It is delicious. Its seeds is small and few in fruit. It is suitable for Plastic Tunnel and outdoor cultivation in the north of China.
  

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• A New Vegetable Soybean Cultivar 'Qingsu 3'
• GU Wei-hong;YANG Hong-juan;MA Kun;and SONG Rong-hao
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(6): 932-932.
• Abstract ( 2022 ) HTML ( 1235 ) PDF (95KB) ( 1235 ) 　　　
• 'Qingsu 3' is a new vegetable soybean cultivar with good quality and earliness, and resistance to disease. This cultivar is with outstanding early maturity, erect stem, limited set pod, and each plant can set 20~25 pods, in which, the rate of pods with 2~3grain reached 73%. Its pods are green, and with few and white down, the lenth of pod with 2~3grain is more than 5.3 cm, the width of pod is more than 1.2 cm, the weight of 100 fresh grain is 66.3 g, and the grain is coating chorion, easy to cooking, tasting glutinous and light sweet. This cultivar is suitable to plant in plastick greenhouse or open field in southern and northern of china.
  
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• A New Doritaenopsis Cultivar 'Red Glow'
• ZHU Gen-fa;WANG Bi-qing;JIANG Ming-ding;Lü Fu-bing and ZHONG Rong-hui
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(6): 933-933.
• Abstract ( 1895 ) HTML ( 1328 ) PDF (404KB) ( 1328 ) 　　　
• 'Red Glow' is a new Doritaenopsis cultivar bred by self-crossing of Dtps. Minho Princess. Purple, round, stripe flowers, the flower size is 8.3cm. There were about 10 flowers in main inflorescence, mean 1.7 branches in the flower stalk with more than 19 flowers. Good flower arrangement.
  
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