果树

• The Radial Distribution of Xylem Sap Flow Velocity in Trunks of Pear Trees
• SUN Hui-zhen;KANG Shao-zhong;and HU Xiao-tao
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(7): 937-944.
• Abstract ( 2732 ) HTML ( 1302 ) PDF (285KB) ( 1302 ) 　　　
• Daily and seasonal variability in the radial distribution of xylem sap flow velocity in trunks of pear trees were investigated by the heat pulse method. The results showed that sap flow velocity at different depths beneath the cambium exhibited one-, two-peak diurnal patterns in sunny, cloudy and light rainy days during the fully growing season, whereas diurnal sap flow velocity at different depths became irregular under different weather conditions at the end of growing season. The ratio of radial range of variation at different aspects, sap flow velocity in maximum, average and daily range of variation of the same depth in sunny, cloudy, light rain and moderate rain to storm days were 6:4:3:2 and 5:4:3:2, respectively, whereas minimum sap velocity was relatively similar under different weather conditions. The seasonal trends of daytime radial variation at the same aspect followed similar patterns, and showed three periods clearly- from May to July, August to September and October. Sap flow velocity at the same depth in August to September and October were about 50%–60%, 33%–50% of that from May to July. The ratio of radial range of variation from May to July and from August to September and October was 5:2:1. The seasonal patterns of nighttime radial variation were similar to the corresponding daytime where radial variation was lower compared with the daytime. The ratio of nighttime to daytime sap flow velocity became higher and higher with the extension of growing season. Throughout the season, nighttime sap flow velocity and radial range of variation were 43%±1% and 29%±7% of those of the daytime, respectively. Diurnal radial profile could be grouped into four types: high–low–low, low–high–low, high–low–high and low–high–low–high, which the maximum sap flow velocity mostly occurred in the position of 0.12–0.29 from the cambium.
  
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• Chlorophyll Fluorescence as a Tool to Predict Formation of Chilling Injury of Peaches in Storage
• YANG Hu-qing;ZHOU Cun-shan;HUO Yan-rong;PANG Lin-jiang;and WANG Yun-xiang
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(7): 945-950.
• Abstract ( 2491 ) HTML ( 1435 ) PDF (529KB) ( 1435 ) 　　　
• Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (Fo, Fm and Fv/Fm) were measured by Portable Chlorophyll Fluorometer when peaches [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch cv.] were stored at 0℃. Extractabe juice and respiration rate of peaches were also measured during the period of storage. At last, we assessed the relationships among chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, respiration rate and storage time. The results showed that all chlorophyll fluorescence parameters declined with the progress of fruit ripening, where Fm and Fv/Fm declined more quickly when chilling injury happened. But intermittent warming at 20℃ for 36 h after 10 days'storage can prevent Fm and Fv/Fm decline. Fm and Fv/Fm showed the best correlation with changes of extractabe juice. This suggestd a relationship between the fluorescence and formation of chilling injury. Chlorophyll fluorescence as a tool may predict formation of chilling injury of peaches in storage.
  
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• Plant Resources of Genus Rubus in Northwest Yunnan
• HE Jia-wei;YANG Zheng-song_;TANG Kai-xue;LI Yan;YANG Yan-lin;WANG Chao-wen_;and YANG Hong-tao
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(7): 951-958.
• Abstract ( 2375 ) HTML ( 1402 ) PDF (370KB) ( 1402 ) 　　　
• Northwest Yunnan is situated in the south of Hengduan moutains and east slope of Himalayas. It is the centre of Hengduan mountains areas and has typical stereo-climate. This paper reports the Rubus resources in northwest of Yunnan based on field investigation, studies on specimens and literature. It is indicated that northwest Yunnan is very rich in Rubus resources. There are 66 species and 20 varieties of Rubus in northwest Yunnan, among them, 6 species and 1 variety are new distributions to northwest Yunnan, 15 species and 6 varieties are endemic to Yunnan, 10 species and 4 varieties are endemic to northwest Yunnan. Rubus is widely distributed in northwest Yunnan. The lowest altitude of its distribution of the genus in northwest Yunnan is only 740 m and the highest altitude is 4200 m above sea level. Among the known species from northwest Yunnan, 6 species and 2 varieties are herb Rubus, 59 species and 18 varieties are woody Rubus. The distribution of herb Rubus is from 2300 m to 4200 m. The woody Rubus is distributed from 740 m to 4100 m. 10 species of Rubus which have potential cultivation and directly usage values are described in the paper to give suggestion for germplasm preservation and further rational usage of the plant resources.
  
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• Agrobacterium rhizogenes-Mediated Transformation and Hairy Root Regeneration of Malus baccata( L.) Borkh
• WU Jiao;KONG Jin;WANG Yi;HAN Zhen-hai;XU Xue-feng
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(7): 959-966.
• Abstract ( 2350 ) HTML ( 1586 ) PDF (573KB) ( 1586 ) 　　　
• To enhance the rooting ability of Malus baccata (L .)Borkh, hairy roots were induced from cuttings of M. baccata (L .)Borkh explants co-cultured with A. rhizogenes (8196＆R1601). Shoots were regenerated from hairy roots. Different strains of A.rhizogenes, medium, time of co-cultivation and usage of acetosyringone (AS) were researched. It indicated that the highest rooting rate (88.89%)was obtained when explants were infected by the 8196 bacterium suspension with AS(100 μmol﹒L-1), co-cultured for 3 days and cultured on 1/4MS medium . Regeneration system was established by screening different plant growth regulator recombination. Adventitious shoots were regenerated from calli that were induced from hairy roots in medium with 2.0 mg﹒L-1 BA, 0.1 mg﹒L-1 IBA and 0.1 mg﹒L-1 GA3 . Regeneration frequency was 3 %. Rooting ability of regeneration shoots increased significantly. It is a very promising method for M. baccata (L .)Borkh transformation.
  
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• Cloning and Prokaryotic Expression of CP Gene of Grapevine Virus A Sichuan Isolate
• WANG Jian-hui;LIU Xiao;XI De-hui;YUAN Shu;JIANG Yu;YANG Hui;DU Jun-bo;ZHANG Zhong-wei;CHEN Ke-ling;and LIN Hong-hui
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(7): 967-972.
• Abstract ( 2474 ) HTML ( 1716 ) PDF (836KB) ( 1716 ) 　　　
• Grapevine virus A (GVA) is a typical member in genus Vitivirus. The virus has been broadly discovered in vineyard around the world. Using an ELISA detection technology, four virus species were identified in 6 out of 10 shoot samples of Japanese hybrid grape, c.v. Fujiminori, Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) was used to amplify a complete coding sequence of the GVA coat protein (CP) from the virus-positive shoot samples. The CP gene, specified as the Sichuan isolate "SL10", contains 597 base pairs in length. The "SL10" CP gene was compared with other 15 GeneBank-collected CP genes, isolated from different geographic origins. Phylogenetic analysis clearly clustered the 16 CP genes into two distinguished groups. Group I contains only 3 members. The nucleotide identities among the 3 members range from 75.9% to 80.1%; whereas group II holds the rest 13 members. The nucleotide identities within the members in this group vary from 84.4% to 99.5%. The isolated CP gene was cloned into a prokaryotic expression vector and transformed into an E. coli strain BL21. After induced by IPTG, the CP gene was highly expressed in the E. coli.
  
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• Cloning and Functional Analysis of a Novel Chymopapain Promoter from Carica papaya
• YANG Ying-jun;ZHOU Peng;LI Yan-mei;and SHEN Wen-tao
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(7): 973-978.
• Abstract ( 2377 ) HTML ( 2193 ) PDF (867KB) ( 2193 ) 　　　

• A partial gene sequence and 5' flanking sequence of chymopapain were isolated from the genomic DNA of Carica papaya via PCR technology. The results of alignment indicated that the isolated DNA sequence had 99% homology with that of the chymopapain gene in papaya. The core promoter regions and some upstream regulatory elements in this fragment were analyzed. Transcriptional start site（TSS）was T predicted by the software of PROMOTER PREDICTION and PLANT CARE TATA-box，CAAT-box，WUN，HSE regions and other cis-elements were found incooespanding promoter sequence regions with others. Compared with the data in GenBank，the results showed that a novel promoter was obtained，the GenBank accession number was AY803756. Binary vectors were then constructed，GUS expressions were both observed in papaya leaves transferred via particle bombardment and tobacco plantlet mediated by agrobacterium. GUS activities were detected only in latex.
  
  

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蔬菜

• Genetic Study on Fruit Color Traits of Eggplant
• PANG Wen-long; LIU Fu-zhong; CHEN Yu-hui; and LIAN Yong
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(7): 979-986.
• Abstract ( 2099 ) HTML ( 2078 ) PDF (592KB) ( 2078 ) 　　　
• Hybrid combinations were made with three inbred lines of different fruit color. Fruit color was classed by color difference meter and ocular measurement. Their six generations F₁, F₂, backcrosses B₁ and B₂ and their parents P₁ and P₂ were used to study the inheritance of eggplant fruit color traits with joint analysis of multiple generations. The results were the followings: the F₂ population of the three combinations appeared two peaks or one peak distribution, indicating that eggplant trait was quantitative in nature and controlled by polygene. The inheritance of fruit color fitted the additive-dominance-epitasis major gene plus additive-dominance-epitasis polygene (E Model).The major gene heritability is higher，between 35.5% and 98.4%；The polygene heritability is lower，between 0 and 57.7%.
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• Response of Photosynthesis in Detached Leaf of Capsicum Seedlings to Low Light under Water Loss Stress
• SUI Xiao-lei;MAO Sheng-li;WANG Li-hao;LI Wei;ZHANG Bao-xi;and ZHANG Zhen-xian
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(7): 987-994.
• Abstract ( 1959 ) HTML ( 1454 ) PDF (215KB) ( 1454 ) 　　　

• Four capsicum inbred lines were used to study the response of photosynthesis in detached leaves from seedlings to low light under water loss stress in a phytotron. The results showed there was a close relationship between photosynthesis and water conditions under normal or low light. Capsicum seedlings expressed stomatal limitation to photosynthesis under both mild and middle water stresses. However, the decrease of Pn was considered as a result of non-stomata restriction under severe water stress. The response of photosynthesis to low light was slow, i.e. as the decrease of the relative leaf water content (RLWC), the Pn of leaves under low light declined slowly, and photosynthesis was not sensitive to the changes of water. The tolerant capability of photosynthesis to low light under water loss stress in hot pepper was stronger than that in sweet pepper. The leaf water potential of capsicum young plants grown under low light environment was relatively high but the water compensation point showed a declined trend.
  

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• Fertilization in Capsicum annuum L. and its Time Course
• SHEN Jia-heng;SHEN Ye;DING Chang-hong;DONG Xue-yun;LU Jun-ping;and Yang Hong
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(7): 995-1002.
• Abstract ( 2456 ) HTML ( 1506 ) PDF (1466KB) ( 1506 ) 　　　

• Embryological characters during fertilization and the time course of the fertilization process in Capsicum annuum L. were described by means of routine paraffin-embedded sectioning technique and observed by microscopy. The results are as follows: The mature male gametophyte is 2-celled pollen grain, and the generative cell divides into two sperms in the pollen tube. Pollen tube destroys one synergid and releases two sperms which move to egg and secondary nucleus at the same time. Fusion of egg-sperm is slower than that of secondary nucleus-sperm. The development of the endosperm is of Cellular type. Pollen grains germinate on the stigma 2–4 h after pollination. 8–12 h after pollination, a pollen tube gets into the ovary locule. 12–20 h after pollination, pollen tube releases two sperms into one synergid. Fusion of male and female sexual cells takes place about 14–30 h after pollination. The division of primary endosperm nucleus takes place 18–40 h after pollination，and its dormancy stage lasts for 4–6 h. About 4 days after pollination, zygote begins dividing and its dormancy stage lasts for 3 days.
  

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• Effect of Sub-low Night Temperature Treatment and Recovery on the Photoinhibition of Tomato Leaves
• LI Tian-lai;LIU Yu-feng;and SONG Li-yu
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(7): 1003-1010.
• Abstract ( 2251 ) HTML ( 1439 ) PDF (341KB) ( 1439 ) 　　　

• In order to discuss the physiological mechanism of effect of sub-low night temperature on photosynthesis in tomato leaves, the change of net photosynthetic rate（Pn）and chlorophyⅡfluorescence paramerers of tomato leaves under the condition of sub-low night temperature at 9 ℃for 3 to 9 days and then recover for 9 days at optional temperature were studied. Treated with sub-low night temperature at 9 ℃ for more than 3 days, it was shown that the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), the maximum photochemical efficiency(Fv/Fm), potential activities of PSII(Fv/Fo), the actual photochemical efficiency of PSⅡreaction center (ΦPSⅡ), rate of electronic transmission of photosynthesis (ETR), photochemical quenching coefficient (qP) of leaves deceased, while intrisic fluorescenc of (Fo), the relative reduction state of PSⅡ(1-qP) and the non-photochemical quenching coefficient (NpQ) increased. But when tomato leaves were treated with sub-low nigth temperature for less than 9 days and then recovered for 9 days,most chlorophyll fluorescence parameters could come back to CK, except NpQ. These results showed that the phenomenon of photoinhibition of photosynthesis in tomato mature leaves has been induced obviously after treated with sub-low night temperature at 9 ℃ for 3 days, and that it was reversible that the effect of treatment of sub-low night temperature at 9 ℃for less than 9 days on PSⅡ. Namely, the phenomenon of photoinhibition of photosynthesis in tomato leaves induced by short-term 9 ℃ sub-low night temperature could recover.
  

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• Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes by cDNA-AFLP Approach During Heat Stress in Tomato Leaves
• LIU Zhi-yong;DU Yong-chen;WANG Xiao-xuan;GUO Yan-mei;and GAO Jian-chang
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(7): 1011-1016.
• Abstract ( 2231 ) HTML ( 1692 ) PDF (828KB) ( 1692 ) 　　　
• In order to identify genes involved in heat shock responses in tomato, cDNA-AFLP approach was employed to identify genes differentially expressed in tomato leaves at high temperature. 768 primer combinations were used for selective amplification. 187 TDFs were selected for their differential expression under heat stress. Among the 187 TDFs, 153 TDFs were up-regulated and 34 TDFs were suppressed. 47 TDFs were cloned and sequenced. Compared with the publicly available databases, 34 TDFs presented some significant similarity with known plant sequences, whose functions are involved in gene regulation, transcription factor, signal transduction, stress defense，etc. 13 TDFs with low identity and no match to known genes may represent novel tomato genes.
  
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• Bioinformatics Analysis and Prokaryotic Expression of MAPK in Cucumber
• XU Hui-ni;WANG Xiu-feng;SUN Xu-dong;YANG Feng-juan;and DU Dong-liang
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(7): 1017-1022.
• Abstract ( 2281 ) HTML ( 2010 ) PDF (1145KB) ( 2010 ) 　　　

• A cucumber cDNA designated CsNMAPK (GenBank accession NO. DQ812086) was isolated by RT-PCR and RACE. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that the full-length cDNA sequence was 1 636 bp, which contained an open reading frame (ORF) of 1 113 bp and encoded a protein of 370 amino acid residues. The subcellular localization analysis predicted that the protein was in the cytoplasm and there was one strong inside to outside transmembrane helix. PlantCare analysis indicated that there were abscisic acid, MeJA, salicylic acid cis-acting responsive elements and gibberellin, wound-responsive elements in CsNMAPK. The CsNMAPK was cloned into pET-30a(+) vector to construct recombination prokaryotic expression vector pET-CsNMAPK. After transformed to E.coli BL21 and induced by isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG), recombinant protein about 46 kD was expressed in pET-CsNMAPK system and separated by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis. The research will be helpful to study the function of cucumber MAPK gene in response to NO3- stress.
  

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观赏植物

• Pigments Composition of Petals and Floral Color Change During the Blooming Period in Rhododendron mucronulatum
• LI Chong-hui;WANG Liang-sheng;SHU Qing-yan;XU Yan-jun;and ZHANG Jie
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(7): 1023-1030.
• Abstract ( 2941 ) HTML ( 2801 ) PDF (348KB) ( 2801 ) 　　　

• The floral color of Rhododendron mucronulatum Turcz. was investigated in terms of its presentation, pigments composition, changes in the composition during blooming season. The floral color was measured according to the Royal Horticultural Society Colour Chart (RHSCC) and then by a NF333 spectrophotometer. The results indicated that floral lightness increased, while the value of chroma decreased during the blooming period, and floral color turned from red purple (70B) to violet (84B) at the meantime. A high performance liquid chromatography with a photodiode array detector (HPLC - PAD) and HPLC - electrospray ionization - mass spectrometry (HPLC - ESI - MS) methods were employed for qualitative and quantitative analysis of anthocyanins and flavonols. In total, 15 compounds were detected at 520 nm and 350 nm in the petals: five anthocyanins, eight flavonols and two aromatic acids. Ten of them were tentatively identified, including one anthocyanin (malvidin 3-arabinoside-5-glucoside), seven flavonols (myricetin 3-galactoside, myricetin 3-rhamnoside, quercetin 3-galactoside, quercetin 3-glucoside, two quercetin- rhamnosides and kaempferol 3-rhamnoside), and two aromatic acid (chlorogenic acid and its isomer). No acylated pigments and 5-O-methylated flavonols were detected. Although the floral color changed significantly in the six blooming stages, the pigment composition kept unchanged, and the pigment content showed significant difference from the initiation of floral buds to the late opening of flowers. Total anthocyanins content (TA) and total flavonols content (TF) decreased rapidly during the first three stages, and then changed smoothly. The floral color breeding strategies for cultivars with cold resistance were discussed based on the pigment composition of R. mucronulatum.

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• Variation of Microbial Biomass and Enzyme Activities in the Rhizosphere Soil of Lily at Different Developmental Periods
• ZHANG Liang;CHENG Zhi-hui;ZHOU Yan-li;DONG Xiao-yan;and WEI Ling
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(7): 1031-1038.
• Abstract ( 2420 ) HTML ( 1512 ) PDF (927KB) ( 1512 ) 　　　

• The experiment was conducted to study the variation of the kinds and the number of microbial biomass and enzyme (catalase, urease, alkaline phosphatase) activities in the rhizosphere soil of different lily varieties at different developmental periods under nature conditions. The results showed that bacteria ranked first in the quantity of rhizosphere soil microorganism during the whole developmental periods and was the most sensitive one to lily rhizosphere effect. Fungus was the second, and actinomycete was the third place. At flower budding period,the quantity of bacteria and actinomycete in the rhizosphere soil of lily appeared at most appeared most,but their rhizosphere effect was opposite after this period. The fungi quantity and its rhizosphere effect were great at bulb substantiating period. The activities of urease and alkaline phosphatase in the soil appeared in the trend of fall, rise and fall, and reached a peak at flower budding period with a remarkable rhizosphere effect, along with the reproductive development, the activities of the two enzymes and rhizosphere effect weakened gradually. The activities of catalase appeared in the trend of rise first and then fall,but the rhizosphere effect was not obvious. The results suggested that the microbial biomass and enzyme activities of rhizosphere soil are remarkably affected by the growth and development of lily in the interaction system of lily—soil—microorganisms.
  

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• Effects of wound and high osmotic pressure pretreatments on PLB induction from leaf explants in Phalaenopsis amabilis
• HUANG Lei;CHEN Zhi-lin;Wu Kun-ling;ZENG Song-jun;and DUAN Jun
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(7): 1039-1046.
• Abstract ( 2116 ) HTML ( 1553 ) PDF (606KB) ( 1553 ) 　　　

• The first and second leaf from the top of Phalaenopsis amabilis seedlings were used respectively as explants，and 1/2 MS medium including 10% Coconut Milk (CM), 0.1 mg·L^-1　α-Naphthyl Acetic Acid (NAA), 1.0 mg·L^-1 Thidiazuron (TDZ) and 0.5% agar was used to induce PLB, the effects of wound and high osmotic pressure on PLB（protocorm-like body）induction were studied. The results revealed that these two types of pretreatments could improve PLB induction remarkably. After the explants were cut transversely twice or stabbed 15 times on different sites, their PLB induction rates went up to 66.1% or 68.3%, the PLB number per explant went up to13.1 or 15.2. After the explants were incubated in 0.4 mg·L^-1 mannitol solution or AAM medium for 2 hours as high osmotic pressure pretreatments, the PLB induction rates went up to 55.2% or 51.3%, the PLB number per explant went up to 13.7 or 12.9. While the PLB induction rate of the control was 19.5% and the PLB number per explant was 3.1. Compared with the control, the PLB induction rate and PLB number per explant were both significantly higher in all the pretreatments. Moreover, after the explants were pretreated by wound or high osmotic pressure, the time of PLB formation was 10 or 5 days shorter respectively than that of the control. However, there were not obvious differences between the first and second leaf explants in PLB induction. PLB induced from the explants that had been pretreated by wound or high osmotic pressure could develop into plantlet normally.
  

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其它园艺植物

• Induction and Identification of Tetraploids in Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.
• ZHANG Hai-feng;GUO Bao-lin;ZHANG Cheng-he;YANG Jun-xia;GUO Jing _;and CHEN Xin-hua
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(7): 1047-1052.
• Abstract ( 2298 ) HTML ( 1675 ) PDF (556KB) ( 1675 ) 　　　
• Stem primodia of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. seedlings were treated with different concentrations of colchicine solution at different stages in order to figure out the best inducing method and obtain tetraploids of Eucommia ulmoides. The results showed that, apart from 0.05% colchicine solution for 48 h, the additional treatments (0.1%, 0.2% or 0.4%) were suitable for 12 h, in which the rates of mutants with morphological characteristics varied from 43.3% to 63.3%, the optimum treatment combination was 0.1% colchicine solution for 12 h, and the rates of vatiant plants and tetraploid plants were 63.3% and 36.7%, respectively. The results of chromosome counts indicated that, of the 148 variant plants, 47 plants were tetraploid plants (2n=4x=68), taking up about31.76%. This result was consistent with that analyzed with the 'Flow Cytometry' method. The plants showed the general characteristics of tetraploids, such as, thicker leaf, smaller leaf index , larger guard cells, less stomata per unit area and more chloroplasts in guard cells.
  
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研究简报

• Expression of Powdery Mildew Resistant Genes of Chinese Wild Vitis by Microarray Analysis
• ZHANG Jun-ke;SANG Chun-Guo;WANG Yue-jin;ZHANG Chao-hong;SHI Jiang-li;SU Xia and LUO Shi-xing
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(7): 1053-1058.
• Abstract ( 1921 ) HTML ( 1323 ) PDF (220KB) ( 1323 ) 　　　

• In this paper, the feasibility of using Affymetrix Vitis vinifera gene expression microarray to detect the gene expression of Chinese wild grape was studied, and the gene expression 48 h after artificial inoculation with Uncinular necator was detected. The results showed that the microarray can detect the expression of 11 906 genes in susceptible material (S), while 11 839 in resistant individual (R) and in both R and S 11 839 genes. The detected genes accounted for ~71.3% of the total 16 602 probe groups. That means Affymetrix V. vinifera microarray can be efficiently used for gene expression analysis of Chinese wild grapes. Compared to the S plant, 1 920 up regulated and 1 760 down regulated genes were detected in R plant, accounting for 16.21% and 14.87% of total detected genes respectively, up and down regulated rate (signal log ratio) are between 1~7.
  

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• SDS-PAGE Analysis of Phase Change-related Proteins in Apple (Malus domestica Borhk.)
• ZENG Guang-Juan;LI Chun-Min;ZHANG Xin-Zhong;TIAN Yi;CHEN Dong-Mei;ZHAO Yong-Bo;DONG Wen -Xuan
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(7): 1059-1064.
• Abstract ( 2315 ) HTML ( 1649 ) PDF (545KB) ( 1649 ) 　　　
• Dynamic changes of proteins in leaves from different nodes in 6 hybrid seedlings (Jonathan × Golden Delicious) were analyzed with SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in apple. Three protein bands were found specific in different phases. The molecular weight of the 3 protein bands were approximately 55 kD, 19 kD and 17 kD. The 55 kD protein presented qualitatively between nodes No.36～75 and No.101～126. The change of 19 kD and 17 kD proteins was found quantitatively. In leaf samples taken below nodes No. 86～100, the content of 19 kD protein was higher, but a sharp decrease occurred in leaves above nodes No.100. The content of 17 kD protein kept high between nodes No. 36～50 and No. 91～105. It is therefore suggested that the 3 proteins were phase change-related in apple seedlings.
  
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• Effects of Alternaria brassicicola(Berkeley)Saccardo Infection on Activities of Protective Enzymes and H₂O₂ Metablism in Non-heading Chinese cabbage
• WANG Li-ying;HOU Xi-lin;LIU Lin;and CHEN Xiao-feng
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(7): 1065-1068.
• Abstract ( 1953 ) HTML ( 1426 ) PDF (180KB) ( 1426 ) 　　　

• Changes of protective enzymes and the content of H₂O₂ were studied after Alternaria brassicicola infection on two no-heading Chinese cabbage materials（Suzhouqing and Duanbaigeng）. Results showed that PPO activity, SOD activity and CAT activity were increased in both disease-resistant material and disease-susceptible material, and PPO activity, SOD activity in Suzhouqing was higher than that in Duanbaigeng after infection, while CAT activity was lower than that in Duanbaigeng. As to PAL activity it was increased in Suzhouqing but decreased in Duanbaigeng. POD activity and H₂O₂ content was increased in both Suzhouqing and Duanbaigeng after inoculation, and the content of H₂O₂ could be lowered quickly in disease-resistant line. Thus it could be considered that compared with disease-susceptible material, disease-resistant material was able to produce more PPO and PAL that may resist the infection of Alternaria brassicicola, and was able to produce more H₂O₂ in short time to promote antioxidant enzymes activities, which could maintain low ROS level and reduce the damage of ROS after innoculation.
  

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• Data mining for simple sequence repeats marker development in expressed sequence tags from Lilium L.
• YANG Su-li;MING Jun;LIU Chun;MU Ding;and LI Ming-yang
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(7): 1069-1074.
• Abstract ( 2398 ) HTML ( 1590 ) PDF (484KB) ( 1590 ) 　　　
• The growing availability of EST sequences from Lilium L. provides a potential valuable source of new SSR markers. In this study, 101 SSR-ESTs from 1688 ESTs in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database, representing 5.98% of the total number of ESTs were identified .Among them, the trinucleotide repeat is the dominant type with repeat motifs being the most common, accounting for 2.84% of ESTs. 47 kinds of repeat motifs were mined out from all SSRs. 23 SSR primers were designed to sequence flanking SSRs, the primer pairs designed were screened against genomic DNA of‘Snow Queen’from which most EST-SSRs were derived, and 18 primer pairs showed the amplification, accounting for 78.26% of total primers. Then the primers showing amplification were subjected to PCR for DNA from 13 Lilium L. cultivars of 5 hybridism series and 12 primer pairs showed polymorphisms, accounting for 66.7% of primers available. Results prove that it is an effective and feasible approach to develop SSR markers based on ESTs in Lilium L.
  
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• Construction and Analysis of Eustoma grandiflorum Subtracted cDNA library
• WANG Ji-gang;ZHANG Kun;XU Qi-jiang;and LI Yu-hua
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(7): 1075-1080.
• Abstract ( 1922 ) HTML ( 1386 ) PDF (871KB) ( 1386 ) 　　　
• To research its' salt tolerance mechanism and to get the salt tolerance relative genes of Eustoma grandiflorum, a cDNA library was made by suppression subtractive hybridization technique. The leave mRNA of Eustoma grandiflorum treated with 400 mmol·L^-1 NaCl were tester, and that treated with pure water were driver. From the library, we got 658 unique sequences by sequencing and sequence blasting. 61 of the total sequences are functioning unknown, 535 sequences have no homology and 62 sequences have significance homology to the GO sequence library. The 62 sequences can be classified into 21 function categories. And we finally get the reactive oxygen species scavenging genes: DHAR, GST, TRX, CAT, transcription factor SMT3, and serine/threonine protein kinase gene. It indicated that there are general characters between the salt tolerance genes of Eustoma grandiflorum and model plants, and the most of the sequences can not be explained by the known genes.
  
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• 45S rDNA-FISH Mapping and Karyotype Analysis of Torenia fournieri L.
• LU Xu;LUO Rui-min;GAO Feng
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(7): 1081-1084.
• Abstract ( 1992 ) HTML ( 2046 ) PDF (446KB) ( 2046 ) 　　　

• Karyotype analysis and 45S rDNA- florescence in situ hybridization (FISH) mapping of Torenia fournieri L. were performed by using Lycopersicon esculentum 45S rDNA as a probe. The T. fournieri karyotype was classified into the type 1A in the Stebbins' category. The Asymmetry Index was 57.46. Variation in chromosome relative length ranged from 4.455% to 6.990%. The ratio of the longest over the shortest length of chromosomes (L/S) was 1.57. Chromosome constitution of relative length was 2L + 4M2 +12M1. The karyotype formula can be represented as 2n = 2x = 18 = 14m + 4sm (2SAT). Two hybridized signals were found on the chromosome 5p near the centromere at the metaphase and in the interphase nucleus of T. fournieri. An idiogram was obtained based on these findings.
  

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新品种

• A New Ice-red Brewing Grape Variety‘Bei bing hong’
• SONG Run-gang;LU Wen-peng;SHEN Yu-jie;JIN Ren-hao;GUO Zhen-gui;LIU Jing-kuan;and LIN Xing-gui
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(7): 1085-1085.
• Abstract ( 3792 ) HTML ( 1518 ) PDF (54KB) ( 1518 ) 　　　
• ‘Beibinghong’is a hybrid cultivar derived from ‘Zuoyouhong’ ב84-26-53’ . The ripening time of berry is in the middle ten day of September in Jilin city area. It is round and blue-black. The average mass of a single berry is 1.30g.The fruit cluster is conical, weighing 159.5g, fruit soluble solid content is 18.9%~25.8%,fruit total acid is 1.322%~1.481% and fruit juice rate is 67.1%.frozen fruit of trees harvested in early December fruit soluble solid content is 35.2%～37.0%,fruit total acid is 1.341%～1.592%，fruit juice rate is 22.0%. which fruit for brewing high quality icey-red grape wine. ‘ZuoYouhong’ is high cold-resistance, high yield and high disease-resistance.
  
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• A New Grape Cultivar 'Jingtianmi'
• XIANG Dian-fang;LI Shao-xing;ZHANG Meng-hong;LIU Jun;WANG Na;WANG Xue-dong;LUO Shu-xiang;QI Hui-xia;and GENG Xue-gang
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(7): 1086-1086.
• Abstract ( 2665 ) HTML ( 1273 ) PDF (47KB) ( 1273 ) 　　　

• 'Jingtianmi'is an intersecific hybrid cultivar derived from hybrid ('Lizamate'× 'Hongshuangwei') and hybrid ('Fenghuang 51'× 'Zizhenzhu'). Its fruit cluster mass is 616. 0 g in average. Its berry is round, green-yellow. The average mass of a single berry is 7.8 g. The soluble content of its berry is 14.5%. It tastes sweet with aroma. The quality is excellent. And it ripens in the later ten days of July to the beginning ten days of August in east of Hebei.
  

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• A New Early Ripening Actinidia Deliciosa Cultivar 'E Mihoutao 4'
• ZHOU Min-sheng;JIANGYing-chun;LUO Qian-wu;WANGZhi-jing;and WU Li-ming
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(7): 1087-1087.
• Abstract ( 2219 ) HTML ( 1147 ) PDF (53KB) ( 1147 ) 　　　
• 'E Mihoutao 4'is a new early-mature cultivar of Actinidia deliciosa, selected from wild kiwifruit. Its fruit shape is cylinder, skin is brown-yellow and with heavy hair, flesh.is green. Its average fruit mass is 91 g and the biggest one is 140 g. The soluble solids content of fruit is 14.0%,and the vitamin C content is 581.9 mg·kg-1. It matures in mid or later September .and has high yield.
  
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• A New Early ripening, Precocious and Thin Shell Walnut Cultivar‘Lüzao’
• LI Bao-guo;QI Guo-hui;GUO Su-ping;and CHEN Li-ying
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(7): 1088-1088.
• Abstract ( 2703 ) HTML ( 1293 ) PDF (49KB) ( 1293 ) 　　　
• ‘Lüzao’was a new early ripening, precocious and thin shell walnut cultivar. It had some characteristics, such as early ripening (ripening date was the end of July to the beginning of August) , full kernel, savory and crisp, the fresh kernel mass was 14.3g, thin shell (0.73mm), big fruit (11.75g), precocious, high and stable yields. The suitable area to plant ‘Lüzao’ was thickness layer and fertility soil.
  
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• Early Autumn Cabbage Hybrid 'Huifeng 5'
• WANG Cui-xian and WU Yong-hui
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(7): 1089-1089.
• Abstract ( 2152 ) HTML ( 1048 ) PDF (51KB) ( 1048 ) 　　　
• 'Huifeng 5' is early mature hybrid of autumn cabbage. which is developed from two self-incompatible lines of '9203-4-3-11' and '9108-11-2-14-11', 64 days from planting to harvest. It grows moderately and has green external leaves, little wax, round head with good compaction, crisp and tender leaves. It is also good in flavor. The single head mass is 1.27 kg. The yield is 59.54-60.34 t﹒hm-2. It is resistant to heat and disease. It is suitable to be cultivated in northern China, Hubei, Zhejiang, Yunnan, Shaanxi, and other provinces.
  
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• A New Cabbage Cultivar by Isolated Microspore Culture 'Yusheng 4'
• ZHANG Xiao-wei;YAO Qiu-ju;JIANG Wu-sheng;YUAN Yu-xiang;GENG Jian-feng and WANG Zhi-yong
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2008, 35(7): 1090-1090.
• Abstract ( 2193 ) HTML ( 1272 ) PDF (47KB) ( 1272 ) 　　　
• 'Yusheng 4'is a new cabbage hybrid,whose parents are self-incompatible double haploid lines induced by isolated microspore culture.It is characterized by good quality, high yield, wide adaptation, resistance to turnip mosaic virus,black rot and downy mildew. It takes 70-75 days from planting to harvesting and has a flat head with Tender,crisp leaves. The mean yield is 68.8 t·hm-2.
  
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