Fruit Trees

• Effects of Fruit Thinning on Fruit Sugar Accumulation and Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics of Pear
• WU Tao;TAO Shu-tian;ZHANG Hu-ping;SONG Yue;YAO Gai-fang;and ZHANG Shao-ling
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(11): 2041-2048.
• Abstract ( 1693 ) HTML ( 1871 ) PDF (606KB) ( 1871 ) 　　　
• This study was carried out to investigate the effects of fruit thinning on fruit sugar accumulation and leaf photosynthetic characteristics in pears（Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai.‘Hosui’）. Plants grown in the field were subjected to heavy-thinning（HT treatment），moderate-thinning（MT treatment）and non-thinning（control）. Results showed that single fruit mass in HT and MT treatments increased significantly by 172.5% and 95.9% respectively compared with control，and total soluble sugar content also increased by 31.8% and 20.7% respectively. The components in total soluble sugar were also found to be affected，sucrose content increased by 134.8% and 91.5% in HT and MT treatments compared with control，and sorbitol content increased by 53.2% and 26.7%，while glucose content decreased in HT treatment by 45.0% and 22.7% to other two treatments. Fruit thinning at different stages showed similar effects as above treatments，earlier thinning could result in higher content of，even 90 days after anthesis（DAA），fruit thinning can still promote the sugar accumulation. As for leaf photosynthetic metabolism，leaves on bourse shoot in control treatment could maintain the highest net photosynthetic rate（Pn）till 80 DAA，however it decreased sharply at 110 DAA. Under an electron microscope，increased osmiophilic particles of chloroplasts and fuzzy lamellar structure were observed in the leaves of control treatment at 110 DAA，which was considered to be related to the drop of photosynthetic rate and leaf senescence.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• Investigation of the Mineral Nutrients Status of Pear Leaves in Main Orchards Around the Bohai Bay Region
• SONG Xiao-hui;XIE Kai;ZHAO Hua-bing;LI Yan-li;XU Yang-chun;and DONG Cai-xia
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(11): 2049-2058.
• Abstract ( 1680 ) HTML ( 1676 ) PDF (245KB) ( 1676 ) 　　　
• he pear tree nutrition diagnosis is based on mineral nutrition element contents in its leaves. This study investigated the nutrient status of pear leaves and soils in main orchards around the Bohai Bay region. The results showed that：（1）In 81%–97% orchards，the P，Ca，Mg and Fe contents in leaves were at optimal level，while in 26%–40% orchards，N and Zn contents were at the lower level.（2）Except for Mg and Zn，the other mineral nutrients content in leaves varied significantly in different cultivars. Pingguoli pear had higher N and P contents，but lower K content，Laiyang Chili pear had lower N，but higer P and K contents，and Dangshan Suli pear had lower contents of N，P and K.（3）N/P，Mg/P，Zn/P，K/Mg，Ca/Mg，Zn/Mg were screened for the DRIS parameters，and the sequence of the elements，necessary for improvement of the low-yield pear trees，was approxinately Mg > P > Ca > K > Zn > N > Fe. （4）The soil pH is positively correlated to leaf Ca，Mg content，but negatively correlated to leaf Zn content. There was a significant positive correlation between organic matter in soil and the leaf N，Mg content. Anyway，between the leaf content of N，K，Ca，Mg，Zn and soil available nutrients，there is a significant positive correlation.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• Effects of Selenium on Leaf Senescence and Antioxidase System in Pyrus bretschneider‘Dangshan Suli’
• LIU Qun-long;WANG Duo;WU Guo-liang;HAO Guo-wei;HAO Yan-yan;and SUN Sheng
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(11): 2059-2066.
• Abstract ( 1837 ) HTML ( 1352 ) PDF (443KB) ( 1352 ) 　　　
• The effects of selenium（Se）on leaf senescence and antioxidase system in Pyrus bretschneider‘Dangshan Suli’were studied after fruit harvested. The results showed that：Spraying lower Se dosage（5 mg · L-1）delayed the decrease of water content，dry weight per unit area，chlorophyll and soluble protein content significantly，increased the activities of SOD and GSH-Px，decreased the content of H2O2， and MDA significantly in the senescing leaves，thereby deferred leaf senescence about 7.25 days；But the medium（10 mg · L-1）and higher Se dosage（20 mg · L-1）were not so effective in deferring leaf senescence，the higher the dosage，the lower the effect；However，Se inhibited POD activity. Therefore，the effect of Se on leaf senescence varied depending on its dosage，lower Se dosage may be involved in leaf-senescing regulation by enhancing the activities of SOD and GSH-Px，as a result decreases the membrane lipid peroxidation，postpones the functional period of the leaves.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• Comparison of Mechanisms for Regulating Iron Deficiency-adaptive Responses Among Horticultural Crops of Malus，Lycopersicon and Vitis Plants
• XIAO Da-shuang;LI Tong-yin;ZHA Qian;LU Bin-bin;QIU Chang-peng;JIA Wen-suo;ZHANG Xin-zhong;WANG Yi;and HAN Zhen-hai;
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(11): 2067-2074.
• Abstract ( 2013 ) HTML ( 1376 ) PDF (513KB) ( 1376 ) 　　　
• Various responses to iron deficiency stress were studied in three iron-efficient horticultural crops，Malus xiaojinensis（woody plant），SO4（vine plant，Vitis），Hezuo 906（herb plant，Solanum lycopercicum）. The results showed that iron deficiency could induce both higher ferric-chelate reductase（FCR）activity and lower rhizosphere pH in all the three species. However，by shoot tip removal and Fe deficiency treatment，Hezuo 906 showed a higher FCR activity and a lower rhizosphere pH，while both M. xiaojinensis and SO4 remained at the normal iron level，which suggested that the iron deficiency responses in M. xiaojinensis and SO4 relied on the shoot signal，while the sole root local signal could trigger the responses in Hezuo 906. In split-root experiments of the root system with Fe supply developed some Fe efficiency responses in M. xiaojinensis and Hezuo 906，but not in SO4，showing that the shoot signal in M. xiaojinensis and Hezuo 906 could initiate the response to iron stress，while both the shoot signal and the root local signal were required in SO4. Furthermore，the results exhibited that the root hair formation was induced in M. xiaojinensis and Hezuo 906. The different species of horticultural crops may have various regulating mechanisms to iron stress.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• Genotyping VvmybA1 in 59 Grapevine Cultivars and Characterization of the DNA Fragement Sequences
• MU Qian;WU Wei-min;FANG Jing-gui;SUN Xin;SHANGGUAN Ling-fei;and ZHAO Mi-zhen
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(11): 2075-2084.
• Abstract ( 1784 ) HTML ( 1989 ) PDF (3352KB) ( 1989 ) 　　　
• The genotypes of the VvmybA1 loci in 59 grapevine cultivars were analyzed，and the results showed that the colored grape cultivars were of heterozygous loci of VvmybA1a and VvmybA1b or VvmybA1a and VvmybA1c，except for‘Fantasy Seedless’that had a homozygous locus of VvmybA1c. Most of the white-skinned grapevine cultivars were genotyped to be the homozygousity of VvmybA1a. Interestingly，seven grapevine cultivars with heterozygous loci of VvmybA1a and VvmybA1b or VvmybA1a and VvmybA1c grew white-skinned berry. Characterization of the DNA fragement sequences showed that there were some various nucleotides between the specific DNA fragments’ sequences of some grapevine cultivars.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• Effects of Drought on Citrus reticulate‘Shatangju’Nutrition Status and Its Relations with Flowering
• LI Wen-qing;KANG Shao-jie;and ZHANG Ming-yue
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(11): 2085-2091.
• Abstract ( 1615 ) HTML ( 1606 ) PDF (235KB) ( 1606 ) 　　　
• In order to study effects of drought stress on Shatangju tangerine（Citrus reticulate‘Shatangju’）nutrition status and its relations with flowering，potted culturing experiments were carried out and multi-factorial design was applied with water stress duration（0，2，4，6，8 weeks）and nitrogen fertilization level（5 g compound fertilizer and 5 g compound fertilizer plus 6 g urea per pot）as factors. It was found that nitrogen and potassium levels increased after four weeks of drought stress，compared with control，while nonstructural carbohydrates decreased. Citrus phosphorous content was not significantly influenced. The relative content of nutrition was also affected by drought stress，with citrus C/N and P/N being decreased relatively compared with control. The critical time point for nutrition differentiation was at about four weeks after the initiation of drought stress，which was also coincident with the critical inducting period in flowering exhibition. Flower numbers per shoot had positive correlations with nitrogen and potassium content，but negative correlations with C/N. Phosphorous content did not have significant correlations with flowering. Shatangju tangerine did not show any flowering under normal water condition no matter what the nutrition status was，but nitrogen，potassium and C/N had good correlations with flowering properties when drought stress was more than four weeks.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• Identification of Beauvericin，a Novel Mycotoxin from Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense
• LI Chun-yu;CHEN Shi;ZUO Cun-wu;KUANG Rui-bin;and YI Gan-jun;
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(11): 2092-2098.
• Abstract ( 1833 ) HTML ( 1880 ) PDF (345KB) ( 1880 ) 　　　
• The 28 isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense（Foc）including Race 1 and 4 were collected from the banana Fusarium wilt diseases epidemic areas of Guangdong，Hainan，Guangxi，Fujian and Yunnan provinces. The secondary metabolites were analyzed by HPLC-ESI-MS. We found fusaric acid which the molecular weight is 179 Dalton and another compound with a molecular weight of 783 Dalton. The latter was purified and identified to be beauvericin by 1H-NMR. Experiments in vitro proved that the banana pseudostem rot caused by the beauvericin which was produced by Foc.
• Related Articles | Metrics

Vegetables

• Morphological and Cytological Characterization of Somatic Hybrids Obtained by Tri-parental Protoplast Fusion in Brassica Species
• LIAN Yu-ji;LIN Guang-zhe;and ZHAO Xiao-mei
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(11): 2099-2110.
• Abstract ( 1734 ) HTML ( 1727 ) PDF (1004KB) ( 1727 ) 　　　
• To obtain various genetic resources，interspecific tri-parental somatic hybridization among Brassica campestris L. ssp. pekinensis（2n = 20，AA），B. oleracea L. var. varitalica（2n = 18，CC），and B. juncea L. Czern（2n = 36，AABB）was performed. Protoplasts were isolated from hypocotyls and cotyledons，and fused using the 40% polyethylene glycol（PEG）. Fused protoplast were cultured in modified K8p medium supplemented with 0.2 mg · L-1 2，4-D，0.5mg · L-1 6-BA，0.1 mg · L-1 NAA，and 0.1 mg · L-1 kinetin，and 0.4 mol · L-1 mannitol as osmoticum. At the 8–10-cell stage，divided cells were transferred to Kao’s basal medium supplemented with 0.3 mol · L-1 sucrose as carbon source，and 0.15% agarose，2 mg · L-1 6-BA，2 mg · L-1zeatin，1 mg · L-1 NAA，0.5 mg · L-1 kinetin for callus proliferation. After 35 days，when small calli reached 2–3 mm in diameter，calli were transferred to regeneration medium（MS + 5 mg · L-1 zeatin + 2 mg · L-1 IAA；MS + 2 mg · L-1 zeatin + 2 mg · L-1 IAA；MS + 0.5 mg · L-1 6-BA + 0.5 mg · L-1NAA）. A total 96 regenerated plants were obtained from 932 calli. Several phenotypes were obtained in the somatic hybrids，showing differences in leaf morphology，flower size and color. Most of the plants showed intermediate characteristics between two or more of the parental species. Cytoplasmic male sterility（CMS）identified by polymerase chain reaction（PCR）amplification using Ogura CMS specific primers. Putative somatic hybrids were identified by cytological and morphological analyses. The chromosome numbers of the somatic hybrids varied from 38 to 64，which was less than the sum of the parental lines. The somatic hybiridity was confirmed by Genomic in situ hybridization（GISH）and amplified fragment length polymorphism（AFLP）analysis.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• Effects of Water and Fertilizer Supply on Lycopene Content in Tomato Fruit
• NIU Xiao-li;ZHOU Zhen-jiang;LI Rui;and HU Tian-tian;
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(11): 2111-2120.
• Abstract ( 1862 ) HTML ( 1506 ) PDF (367KB) ( 1506 ) 　　　
• Using a pot experiment and quadratic orthogonal regressive rotation design with five factors，the effects of irrigation amount and fertilizer rates of nitrogen，phosphorus，potassium and manure on lycopene content in tomato were investigated. A model of regression relationship between water and fertilizer amounts and lycopene content in tomato was established. Single and coupling effects of all five experimental factors were studied. The results showed that for the soil and tomato variety used in the experiment，if other factors were zero codes，the relationship between lycopene content and irrigation amount，P fertilizer or manure rates could be estimated with a second-degree parabola，which was open downward，while the second-degree parabola between lycopene content and N or K fertilizer rates was open upward. Significant interactions occurred between the rates of P and K，P and manure，or K and manure，and certain interactions occurred between N and K，or N and manure，but no interaction between irrigation amount and any other experimental factors. It was indicated that large irrigation，or overuse of P fertilizer and manure did not benefit the lycopene content，and reasonable supply of N and K fertilizers could enhance the lycopene content in tomato effectively.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• Study on Inheritance of Eggplant Fruit Shape
• QIAO Jun;LIU Fu-zhong;CHEN Yu-hui;and LIAN Yong
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(11): 2121-2130.
• Abstract ( 1624 ) HTML ( 1591 ) PDF (398KB) ( 1591 ) 　　　
• In this study，three self-crossed eggplant lines that vary significantly in fruit shape 106（Oblate），114（Short barrel）and 111（Long tube）were used as materials. Artificial measurement and computer photograph analysis were used to obtain fruit shape index and fruit shape triangle index. The inheritance of fruit shape was investigated by a joint segregation analysis of P1，P2，F1，B1，B2 and F2 generations. The results showed that fruit shape index in F2 segregation population of two hybrid crosses（106 × 114，114 × 111）and fruit shape triangle index in F2 segregation population of hybrid crossⅠfit single peak skewed distribution. The results proved that fruit shape trait is quantitative trait and it was controlled by main genes. The inheritance of eggplant fruit shape fit one additive major gene + additive-dominant polygene model（D-2 model）. The highest major gene heritability was in F2 population and the highest polygene heritability was in B2 population. In summary，eggplant fruit shape trait was controled by polygenes，the highest fruit shape selection efficiency was in F2.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• Effects of Exogenous H2S on the Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics of the Cucumber Hypocotyls and Radicles under Cadmium Stress
• YU Li-xu;SHANG Hong-qin;ZHANG Cun-jia;WANG Xiu-feng;WEI Min;YANG Feng-juan;and SHI Qing-hua;
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(11): 2131-2139.
• Abstract ( 1458 ) HTML ( 1616 ) PDF (393KB) ( 1616 ) 　　　
• The effects of exogenous H2S on physiological and biochemical characteristics of cucumber hypocotyls and radicles under cadmium stress were studied. The results showed that the inhibited growth of cucumber hypocotyls and radicles by cadmium was alleviated by different concentrations（300 μmol · L-1，600 μmol · L-1，900 μmol · L-1，1 200 μmol · L-1）of NaHS treatment，especially under the 900 μmol·L-1 treatment. NaHS treatment significantly increased activities of amylase，SOD，POD，CAT and APX as well as the capacity of α，α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl radical（DPPH· ）and hydroxyl radical（OH· ）scavenging in both hypocotyls and radicles of cucumber，as the results，the accumulations of MDA and H2O2 were decreased. Otherwise，the treatments with other sodium salt including Na2S，Na2SO4，NaHSO4，Na2SO3，NaHSO3 and NaAc had no significant effects on the growth of cucumber hypocotyls and radicles. Based on these results，it could be concluded that the function of NaHS was attributed to H2S from it.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• Screening and Evaluation of 23 High Polymorphism SSR Markers in Cucumber
• Lü Jing;SHI Qiu-xiang;REN Yi;ZHANG Zhong-hua;and HUANG San-wen
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(11): 2140-2148.
• Abstract ( 2251 ) HTML ( 1458 ) PDF (447KB) ( 1458 ) 　　　
• At present，useful primers in the study of cucumber germplasm are scarce，in this study，23 SSR primers are selected from the 995 primers of cucumber genome linkage map，the 23 SSR primers distribute on the linkage map uniformly and can amplify clear，stable and single bands，using these markers，the genetic diversity of 30 cucumber（Cucumis sativus L.）accessions from different countries or regions was detected，and 153 polymorphism bands were got. Genetic diversity differs among 23 primers. The expected heterozygosity of detected resources is 0.57，and the average of PIC（Polymorphism information content）value is 0.60. The results distinctly prove the genetic diversity among Asian，European and India resources by 23 primers and objectively reflect information including population structure and regional differences.
• Related Articles | Metrics

Ornamental Plants

• Flower Buds Abortion of Paeonia lactiflora‘Qiaoling’in Different Cultivation Methods
• ZHOU Yi-ling;WANG Wei;LI Bing-ling;and LIU Yan
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(11): 2149-2156.
• Abstract ( 1799 ) HTML ( 1511 ) PDF (478KB) ( 1511 ) 　　　
• Flower bud abortion of Paeonia lactiflora can occur at any developmental stage in the shoot growth cycle and reduce the proportion of flowering shoots. The flower development of P. lactiflora‘Qiaoling’cultivated in open field，outdoor potted and forcing potted conditions were investigated to elucidate the reasons for flower abortion. At each developmental stage，the flower abortion rate was related to bud diameters and varied significantly under different cultivation methods. The rate of aborted flower buds with a diameter 2–4 mm were 67.9%–86.6% in forcing potted plants，44.9% in outdoor potted plants and 16.3% in field plants respectively. Such aborted flower buds grew from the stunt mixed buds whose differentiations were slower than that of normal buds and had completed differentiation of pistil and stamen primordium when their diameters reached 2 mm；The rate of aborted buds with a diameter 4–8 mm were 29.6% in outdoor potted plants，9.2%–25.6% in forcing potted plants and 11.8% in field plants respectively，and aborted buds with a diameter 5 mm were in the phase of differentiation of ovule primordium；Aborted buds with a diameter 8–17 mm only occurred in forcing potted plants with abortion rate of 0–4.8%，and the nucellus and funiculus had been formed when flower bud diameter reached 10 mm. The rate of aborted buds with a diameter 17–27 mm were 0–1.4%，19.9% and 9.2% respectively in forcing potted plants，outdoor potted plants and open field plants，and nucellus，integument and micropyle had appeared in aborted buds with a diameter 18 mm. The results suggested that the highest abortion rate occurred at shoot elongation stage when diameters of flower buds reached 2–4 mm，so this stage is the key stage to reduce flower abortion in greenhouse forcing by providing enough fertilizer，extending chilling duration and keeping stable temperature from buds emerge to flowering.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• Genetic Diversity Analysis in Natural Hybrid Progeny of Ornamental Crabapple，Malus‘Royalty’
• SHEN Hong-xiang;ZHAO Tian-tian;SONG Ting-ting;YAO Yun-cong;and GAO Jun-ping
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(11): 2157-2168.
• Abstract ( 1722 ) HTML ( 1118 ) PDF (249KB) ( 1118 ) 　　　
• Based on morphological characters and AFLP molecular markers，genetic variations were investigated in 50 natural hybrid progenies of ornamental crabapple，Malus‘Royalty’. The results showed that there were significant plentiful morphological traits within the seedlings. The coefficient of variation ranged from 3.44% to 42.68% in the 18 morphological parameters of leaf and flower. Among them the parameter including stipule length and width，leaf area，leaf fresh weight，petal width or flower stalk length had a coefficient of variation above 20%，showing a significant morphological diversity. Based on AFLP markers，9 primers were amplified into 349 bands and 86.8%（303 bands）of them were polymorphic. The Nei’s genetic diversity indices and the Shannon information indices were observed at the range of 0.24–0.36 and 0.36–0.53 respectively. The analysis indicated that there are large genetic variations in molecular level and，especially，in morphology characters of the natural hybrid progenies. These variations may provide advisable materials for the selection breeding of ornamental crabapple.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• Proteomic Analysis of Cold Stress Responses in Euonymus japonicus Leaves
• HAO Qiang;ZHANG Rui-li;LENG Ping-sheng;and GUAN Xue-lian
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(11): 2169-2179.
• Abstract ( 1501 ) HTML ( 2264 ) PDF (782KB) ( 2264 ) 　　　
• A proteome study based on 2-D gel electrophoresis was performed in order to analyse the cold-stress response of Euonymus japonicus‘Cuzhi’leaves. The plants were grown in the outdoor and total proteins were extracted from leaves monthly from Oct，2008 to Feb，2009. Our results demonstrated significant variations existed in 36 protein spots detected on CBB stained 2-DE gels，among which 19 proteins were identified by mass spectrometry，including well known and newly identified cold-responsive proteins. The identified proteins were involved in several processes，such as energy and metabolism，regulatory，defense response etc. The expression patterns of these proteins were consistent with physiological and biochemical changes.
• Related Articles | Metrics

Research Notes

• Evaluation and Analysis of Soil Physicochemical Characteristics and Fruit Quality in Main Apple Production Regions of Beijing
• ZHANG Qiang;WEI Qin-ping;JIANG Rui-shan;LIU Xu-dong;LIU Hui-ping;and WANG Xiao-wei
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(11): 2180-2186.
• Abstract ( 1692 ) HTML ( 1177 ) PDF (165KB) ( 1177 ) 　　　
• The total of 46 soil（0–40 cm）and fruit samples from fructiferous apple orchards in Changping district of Beijing were collected and classified to asses difference in the physicochemical properties of soils，soil nutrient content，fruit quality and mineral element content among different apple orchards from 2008 to 2009. The results showed that 56.14% orchard soil（20–40 cm）were higher in soil buck density，20% orchard soil porosity was under 45%，15.51% orchard soil pH was greater than 7.5. The 96% orchard soil was higher than 10.0 g · kg-1 in soil organic matter（SOM），nearly all the orchard soil were sufficient in total N，alkaline-N and available P，while 30%–40% orchard soil were low in available K，Ca and Fe. The 76.47% orchard was above 14% in soluble solids，while 50% apple orchard must be increased in per fruit mass. The 90% orchard in nitrogen content of fruit were higher than 0.30 g · kg-1，while 65% orchard in calcium content of fruit were lower than 80 mg · kg-1. They will be important works to improve soil conditions，reduce soil pH and soil buck density，increase soil available K，Ca and Fe in orchard soil management.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• Relationship Between（-）-α-terpineol Accumulation and Vvter Expression in Grape Berries
• WANG Zhi-qun;DUAN Chang-qing;ZHU Bao-qing;WU Yu-wen;TU Cui;and PAN Qiu-hong
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(11): 2187-2192.
• Abstract ( 1528 ) HTML ( 1062 ) PDF (295KB) ( 1062 ) 　　　
• The present study focused on the relationship between changes of free and glycosidic（-）-α-terpineol concentrations and expression of a Vvter gene encoding（-）-α-terpineol synthase during development of grape（Vitis vinifera L.‘Cabernet Sauvignon’and‘Riesling’）berries by using technologies of GC-MS and real-time PCR. The results showed that in these two cultivars glycosidic（-）-α-terpineol concentrations varied little in the process of berry development. Free（-）-α-terpineol concentration gradually decreased with development of‘Cabernet Sauvignon’berries and showed decrease-increase- decrease variation trends with development of’Riesling’berries. In respect of a variety，the variation trend of total（-）-α-terpineol was in good agreement with that of transcript.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• Monitoring the Temporal Change of the Mild and Severe Strain of Citrus tristeza virus by Real-time RT-PCR
• ZOU Qin;ZHOU Yan;LI Zhong-an;ZHOU Chang-yong;;LIU Yong-qing;and SU Hua-nan
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(11): 2193-2198.
• Abstract ( 1680 ) HTML ( 1619 ) PDF (278KB) ( 1619 ) 　　　
• Jincheng sweet orange seedlings were pre-inoculated with CTV mild isolate CT11 by grafting，and seven months later，challenged by severe CTV isolate CT14 with Toxoptera citricida. To identify and quantitate the mild and severe CTV isolates within the same plant，a real-time RT-PCR technique was modified and housekeeping genes 18S rRNAF/R and nad5F/R were approached for rectification. The results showed that CT14 was not detectable in any challenge-inoculated plants three months after CT14 attacked through aphids. The titer of CT11 in most samples of the plants challenge-inoculated via 25 or 50 aphids per plant was higher than that in the pre-immunized control plants on the 45th or 10th day，respectively，then decreased to the same level of the pre-immunized control，whereas the titer of the mild isolate in the pre-immunized control plants was much stable.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• Cloning and Characterization of Aquaporin Gene DcPIP2 in Cut Carnations
• LI Hong-mei;DING Yue-lian;HUANG Xin-min;LIN Yan-fei;ZOU Jie-yun;and HE Sheng-gen
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(11): 2199-2208.
• Abstract ( 1639 ) HTML ( 1310 ) PDF (807KB) ( 1310 ) 　　　
• A PIP（plasma membrane intrinsic protein）aquaporins（AQP）gene，designated as DcPIP2（GenBank accession number GU989036），was cloned from carnation（Dianthus caryophyllus‘Master’）leaves by RT-PCR and RACE. The full cDNA sequence of DcPIP2 is 983 bp，containing an open reading frame（858 bp）and encoding a protein of 285 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 30.6 kD. The DcPIP2 genomic DNA（2 635 bp）（GenBank accession number JF706350），corresponding to the DcPIP2 cDNA，was further cloned，which contains three exons and two introns in its coding sequence. The sequence analysis showed that the homology of amino acid sequences between DcPIP2 and Gossypium hirsutum PIP2;3（ACB42440），Jatropha curcas AQP（ABM54183），and Hevea brasiliensis PIP2（ACV66986）was 89%，88% and 87%，respectively. The expression of DcPIP2 in different organs of cut carnation flowers was determined by real-time quantitative PCR，it was found that DcPIP2 gene was expressed in leaves，stem necks，petals，pistils，stamina and sepals. The highest expression level of DcPIP2 was detected in pistils，followed by petals，while moderate expression level was present in stamina and stem necks，and the lowest level was in leaves.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• Pollination Biology Characters of Scutellaria baicalensis
• ZHANG Hong-rui;GAO Zhi-ming;HE De-xian;and WANG Wen-quan
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(11): 2209-2214.
• Abstract ( 1791 ) HTML ( 1363 ) PDF (331KB) ( 1363 ) 　　　
• Reproductive characteristics of Scutellaria baicalensis were studied by field observation，artificial pollination and laboratory tests. The results showed that corolla was purple or amaranth or blue color. Corolla tube was 0.5–1.2 cm wide，and 2.3–3.4 cm long，style was 2.3–3.5 cm long. The behind pair of anthers was 0.1–0.15 cm long while the front pair of anthers was 0.18–0.3 cm long. There were neither protruding stigmas nor contacting anthers. Pollen vigor was the strongest on the day of anthesis. At the beginning of anthesis，the vigor was 76.94%，and decreased rapidly to 54.06% three days later. Pollen-ovule ratio（P/O）ranged from 635 to 7 220. Natural nutlet setting rate was 56.74%. It was inferred that S. baicalensis belong to an entomophilous cross-pollinated plant based on the results of pollination observations and artificial pollination studies. The most freguently known pollinators of S. baicalensis were as follows：Anthophora deserticola Morawitz，Bombus（Bombus）ignitus Smith，Anthophora florae Smith and Bombus（Thoracobombus）opulentus Smith.
• Related Articles | Metrics

Technologies and Methods

• Development of a Multiplex RT-PCR Protocol for the Detection of Three Viruses on Benincasa hispida. var. chieh-qua
• ZHAO Qin;LI Hua-ping;XIE Da-sen;LUO Shao-bo;and PENG Qing-wu
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(11): 2215-2222.
• Abstract ( 1674 ) HTML ( 1403 ) PDF (532KB) ( 1403 ) 　　　
• According to the conserved nucleotide sequences of coat protein genes of Zucchini yellow mosaic virus（ZYMV），Papaya ring spot virus（PRSV）and Cucumber mosaic virus（CMV）infected chieh-qua specific primers were designed. Based on the establishment of the optimal RT-PCR for the single detection of ZYMV，PRSV and CMV，a multiplex RT-PCR protocol for the detection of three viruses on chieh-qua was developed，which provided a simple，rapid and economic method for simultaneous detection of three chieh-qua viruses to support the pathogen detection of chieh-qua technically and theoretically.
• Related Articles | Metrics

New Cultivars

• A New Early Maturing Peach Cultivar‘Zaohongtao’
• DENG Jia-lin;LI Wen-gui;and ZHANG Quan-jun
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(11): 2223-2224.
• Abstract ( 3790 ) HTML ( 964 ) PDF (188KB) ( 964 ) 　　　
• ‘Zaohongtao’is an early maturing peach cultivar with 543 h chilling requirement bred by artificial pollination. The flower is showy with much pollen. It is self-fruitful and the yield is high and stable. The fruit is near round，weights 136.6 g，and fully covered by rose red when ripening. The flesh is white，melting，with 10.5% soluble solids content and 2.62% total titratable acid content. The stone is cling. The fruit development period is about 70 days. It ripens in later May-early June in Sichuan basin，China.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• A New Very Late-ripening Fat Peach Variety‘Ruipan 20’
• ZHAO Jian-bo;GUO Ji-ying;JIANG Quan;CHEN Qing-hua;LI Xin-yue;REN Fei;and WU Xiao-hong
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(11): 2225-2226.
• Abstract ( 1166 ) HTML ( 1081 ) PDF (171KB) ( 1081 ) 　　　
• ‘Ruipan 20’is a late-ripening flat peach（Prunus persica var. platycarpa Bailey）cultivar derived from the cross of‘Fantasia’בRuipan 4’. The flower is showy with much pollen. The fruit is flat，the average fruit mass is 254.7 g，and the biggest is 350 g. The fruit is white fleshed，hard melting，sweet and freestone. The soluble solids content is 13.1%. It had high yield. The fruit development period is 160 days.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• A New Fresh Consuming Jujube Cultivar‘Jingzao 60’
• PAN Qing-hua;ZHANG Yu-ping;BAI Jin;JIN Wan-mei;and LI Shao-ning
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(11): 2227-2228.
• Abstract ( 1860 ) HTML ( 1131 ) PDF (143KB) ( 1131 ) 　　　
• ‘Jingzao 60’is a new jujube cultivar which was selected from a Beijing’s ancient satus jujube’s tree after many times grafting and regional testing. The fruit shape is near cone. The average mass of single fruit is 25.6 g. The color of mature fruit is purple，The flesh is crisp and contains abundant sweet juice. The soluble solids content is 26%，The total sugar content is 18.6%，vitamin C content is 3.24 mg · g-1，and titratable acidity is 0.54%. The quality is excellent. The fruit matures in mid-late September in Beijing.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• A New Lucuma neltirvosa Cultivar‘Xiantao 1’
• ZHOU Jing;WEI Chi-zhang;XU Dong-ying;LU Yan-chun;LAN Qing-jiang;WEI You;and TANG Jun-hai
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(11): 2229-2230.
• Abstract ( 1699 ) HTML ( 1566 ) PDF (156KB) ( 1566 ) 　　　
• ‘Xiantao 1’is a new cultivar selected from the seedlings of wild Lucuma nervosa. It has peach-shaped with smooth and shining skin，strong growth vigour，early bearing and early maturity，high and stable yield. The average fruit weight is 233.7 g. The fruits are suitable for fresh eating and processing with excellent quality，durable storage and long-period of fresh-fruit marketing，and strong resistance to stress，diseases and insects，which can plant in tropical and subtropical regions without severe winter frost.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• A New Autumn Early Maturing Chinese Cabbage Cultivar‘Weibai 9’
• HAN Tai-li;YANG Xiao-dong;XU Li-gong;TAN Jin-xia;and SONG Yin-hang
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(11): 2231-2232.
• Abstract ( 1498 ) HTML ( 1309 ) PDF (168KB) ( 1309 ) 　　　
• ‘Weibai 9’is a new autumn early maturing Chinese cabbage hybrid. It takes 70–80 days from sowing to maturation. The plant is 40 cm in height and 50 cm in width. The leaf is dark green and petiole is white. The code leaves is light yellow. The head is 36 cm in height and 23 cm in diameter. The average plant weight is 4.03 kg and the radio of net product is 74.7%. It has the characteristics of good quality，high yield and strong resistance to disease. The average yield is 111 765.1 kg · hm-2 in production test. So it is a good variety fit for planting in early autumn in Heilongjiang and the same ecological types of area. 　　
• Related Articles | Metrics

• A New Bitter Gourd Cultivar‘Zhelü 1’
• ZHOU Sheng-jun;ZHU Yu-qiang;CHEN Li-ping;CHEN Xin-juan;and ZHANG Peng
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(11): 2233-2234.
• Abstract ( 1309 ) HTML ( 900 ) PDF (150KB) ( 900 ) 　　　
• ‘Zhelü 1’is a new bitter gourd hybrid developed by the cross of‘K7-30-2-1-4-2’בG23-1-4-2-11-1’. The fruit is long coni form shape，with 25–30 cm in length，6–6.5 cm in diameter. The first female flower position is at 9–12 joint . The average fruit weight is about 480 g with light green skin. Its yield is about 40 t · hm-2. It is tolerant to hot climate and resistant to powdery mildew. It tastes a little bitter.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• A New Cut Flower Gerbera Cultivar‘Autumn Day’
• LI Shen-chong;;CAO Hua;LI Shu-bin;JIANG Ya-lian;YANG Chun-mei;SHAN Qin-li;WANG Ji-hua;;
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(11): 2235-2236.
• Abstract ( 1841 ) HTML ( 1086 ) PDF (143KB) ( 1086 ) 　　　
• ‘Autumn Day’is derived from the cross of female‘Sombero’and male‘Dongri’. It belongs to a standard cut flower cultivar with orange-red petal，black centre and semi-double type. The diameter of flower head is about 10–12 cm，the peduncle length is 50–55 cm，the diameter of peduncle is 0.55–0.65 cm. The annual marketable production is about 20–22 stems per plant in soil，and 23–25 stems per plant in substrate. It is highly resistant to Phytophthora cryptogea and tolerated to storage and transportation. It is suitable for protected cultivation. The vase life can last 12–15 days.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• A New Alpine Rhododendron Cultivar‘Fuli Jinling’
• LIU Xiao-qing;SU Jia-le;LI-Chang;HE Li-si;and CHEN Lu
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(11): 2237-2238.
• Abstract ( 1314 ) HTML ( 1130 ) PDF (163KB) ( 1130 ) 　　　
• The alpine rhododendron‘Fuli Jinling’was a new color variation cultivar that was selected from tissue culture seedlings of Jean de Marle Montague，its follower showed dual color at the inner side which was light pink at the central and gradually changed to bright red at the edge，and showed monochrome of bright red at the outer side（however，follower from the original parent was purely bright red at both sides）. The cymo-botrys of‘Fuli Jinling’was terminal with a size of 12 to 15 cm in diameter. The plant was compact and showed considerable tolerance to high temperature and high humidity.
• Related Articles | Metrics

• A Low Chilling and Early Blooming Ornamental Peach Cultivar‘Yuanchun’
• WANG Li-rong;ZHU Geng-rui;FANG Wei-chao;CAO Ke;LI Quan-hong;CHEN Chang-wen;LIU Duan-ming;HOU Kai;and FENG Yi-bin
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2011, 38(11): 2239-2240.
• Abstract ( 1300 ) HTML ( 998 ) PDF (163KB) ( 998 ) 　　　
• ‘Yuanchun’resulted from an open pollenation of 96-6-27 which is from the cross Mantianhong（Pruns persica Batsch.）× Baihuashanbitao（P. davidiana Franch）. The seed was produced by stratification，and then cultivated in the greenhouse. The flower is red and bright-colored. The chilling requirement is 550 h，and the heat requirement is lower，the blossom is early and able to make up the absence of red peach flower in the early spring. Cultivated in greenhouse，it can bloom before Chinese Spring Festival.
• Related Articles | Metrics