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2016, Vol.43, No.7 Previous Issue    Next Issue
  • Molecular Cloning and Functional Analysis of a 6-phosphoglueonate Dehydrogenase Gene Md6PGDH1 in Apple
  • SU Ling,LIU Xin,AN Jian-ping,LI Hao-hao,ZHAO Jin,HAO Yu-jin,WANG Xiao-fei*,and YOU Chun-xiang*
  • Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2016, 43(7): 1225-1235. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2016-0202
  • Abstract ( 413 ) HTML ( 1131 ) PDF (1955KB) ( 1131 )    
  • A 6-phosphoglueonate dehydrogenase gene named Md6PGDH1(MDP0000279299)was cloned from‘Royal Gala’apple(Malus × domestica Borkh.). Sequence analysis indicated that the length of Md6PGDH1 gene was 1 047 bp,which encoded 347 amino acids. It was predicted that the molecular mass of this protein was 36.430 kD,and pI was 9.24. Homology analysis showed that there were three other homologous genes;Analysis of functional domain showed that the Md6PGDHs protein included two conserved binding domains;the prediction of subcellular localization showed that there were differences in Md6PGDHs protein. In silico analysis suggested that the promoter sequence contained several cis-acting elements,including abiotic stresses responsive elements and hormone responsive elements. qRT-PCRs were performed to determine the expression levels of apple Md6PGDH1 in different tissues and in  response to abiotic stresses. Prokaryotic expression and activity assay of the Md6PGDH1,which laid a foundation for protein function identification. Overexpression of Md6PGDH1 in apple callus increased the tolerance of transgenic apple callus to high salinity.

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  • Effects of Slightly Acid Electrolyzed Oxidizing Water on Apple Replanted Soil Environment
  • XIANG Li1,XU Shao-zhuo1,WANG Gong-shuai1,SHEN Xiang1,CHEN Xue-sen1,SONG Hua-lu2,LI Fa-de2,YIN Cheng-miao1,*,and MAO Zhi-quan1,*
  • Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2016, 43(7): 1236-1244. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2015-0964
  • Abstract ( 196 ) HTML ( 858 ) PDF (724KB) ( 858 )    
  • Effects of SAEW(Slightly Acid Electrolyzed Oxidizing Water,pH 6.0)on the replanted soil environment and Malus hupeheusis Rehd. seedlings biomass were investigated in pot experiments. Results showed that SAEW significantly enhanced Malus hupeheusis Rehd. seedling biomass. Compared with the control,SAEW increased the length of roots,surface area of roots,total roots volume and root activity by 47.03%,141.79%,101.31% and 37.31%,respectively. Compared with the control,SAEW decreased the numbers of fungi by 48.1%,and the ratio of bacteria to fungi increased by 120%. T-RFLP(Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism)was applied in the analysis of soil fungal  diversity. Based on the T-RFLP,diversity index analysis,cluster analysis and principal component analysis,the simpson index of SAEW on the replanted soil was improved,Shannon index,Pielou index and Margalef index were reduced significantly. However,the SAEW treatment soil expressed a reverse trend. SAEW on the replanted soil formed independent community structure,and these communities could adapt to their own specific soil environment and become the dominant population. SAEW could reduce apple replant disease.

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  • Research on Diversity of Pear Germplasm Resources Based on Flowers Phenotype Traits
  • ZHANG Ying,CAO Yu-fen*,HUO Hong-liang,TIAN Lu-ming,DONG Xing-guang,QI Dan,and ZHANG Xiao-shuang
  • Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2016, 43(7): 1245-1256. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2015-0936
  • Abstract ( 338 ) HTML ( 1109 ) PDF (1349KB) ( 1109 )    
  • Eleven phenotypic characters related to flower traits were collected from 625 accessions of 13 Pyrus species preserved in National Germplasm Repository of Apple and Pear. Distribution frequency,coefficient of variation,Simpson index and Shannon index were analyzed. Comparative analysis of intraspecific and interspecific diversities of 4 phenotypic characters,i.e. number of flowers per inflorescence,number of stamen,number of stigma and corolla diameter was carried out in 5 cultivated Pyurs species. The crisp-fleshed and soft-fleshed pear accessions were clustered. It showed that the phenotypic diversity in pear flower organ was abundant. White unopened flower,fuchsia anther,position of stigma above stamen,absent pubescence on the base of stigma had more proportion than other corresponding descriptors,accounting for 50.56%,47.52%,63.20% and 80.96% respectively. Anther color was found to have the richest diversity with 0.719 of Simpson index and 2.351 of Shannon indexrespectively,and deep red anther and deep purple anther were newly discovered. The average variation coefficient of flowers per inflorescence,number of stamencorolla diameter and number of stigma was 19.50%,15.12%,13.74% and 8.50%,respectively,which showed that genetic stability of number of stigma was higher than the other three traits. Based on the statistical analysis of frequency distribution of corolla diameter,5 levels of numerical classification and reference cultivars were proposed. There were significant differences in 4 flower traits of pear among and within populations,and phenotypic differentiation coefficient(VST)of intraspecies and interspecies was 72.97% and 27.03%respectively,which showed that the variation within populations was more abundant. Cluster analysis showed that 196 crisp-fleshed local pear cultivars could be divided into 5 categories and 72 soft-fleshed P. ussuriensis accessions into 4 categories.

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  • Expression Responses of SUMO E3 Ligase(SIZ1)to Low Temperature Stress and Exogenous Melatonin in Postharvest Peach Fruit
  • SHAO Jia-rong,SONG Chun-bo,BIAN Kun,CHEN Wei,and YANG Zhen-feng*
  • Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2016, 43(7): 1257-1266. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2015-0923
  • Abstract ( 366 ) HTML ( 976 ) PDF (6306KB) ( 976 )    
  • To explore the role of SUMO E3 ligase(SIZ1)gene in chilling injury incidence of postharvest peach fruit,PpSIZ1 gene was identified and analyzed by bioinformatics. Furthermore,the effects of low temperature storage and exogenous melatonin treatments on PpSIZ1 expression were investigated in‘Hujing Milu’peach fruit during storage. Results showed that SIZ1 gene was identified in the peach genome and named as PpSIZ1,and the ORF of PpSIZ1 was 2 637 bp which encoded a predicted protein of 878 amino acids. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that PpSIZ1shared high similarity homology with PmSIZ1. Bioinformatics analysis showed that PpSIZ1 possessed predicted SAP,PHD,PINIT,SP-RING,and SXS domains,which were highly conserved in AtSIZ1,indicated PpSIZ1 could be classified with SUMO E3 Ligase. Chilling injury index of the fruit stored at 0 ℃ increased with the prolongation of storage. Exogenous melatonin treatments(100 and 200 μmol · L-1)could significantly inhibited chilling injury incidence of peach fruit stored at 0 ℃,and 100 μmol · L-1 melatonin treatment exhibits the best inhibitory effect. Low temperature stress at 0 ℃ could induce the expression of PpSIZ1,and the transcription level of PpSIZ1 was strongly up-regulated when treated with 100 μmol · L-1 melatonin. These results suggest that PpSIZ1 protein possibly functioned as SUMO E3 ligase that facilitated the SUMO modification pathway,which could be associated with chilling tolerance in cold-stored peach fruit.

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  • Diversity Analysis of Volatile in Mature Fruits of Mango Germplasm
  • MA Xiao-wei,YANG Ying-di,WU Hong-xia,ZHOU Yi-gang,and WANG Song-biao*
  • Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2016, 43(7): 1267-1274. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2015-0899
  • Abstract ( 372 ) HTML ( 687 ) PDF (667KB) ( 687 )    
  • To assess volatile variety of mango germplasm,composition and relative content of volatile in 28 mango cultivars were investigated by using solid phase micro-extraction headspace GC–MS methods. The results showed that there were significant differences among the cultivars in composition and relatively content of volatile. Totally 63 volatiles belonging to various chemical classes were detected. Based on the cumulative occurrence of members of these classes,cultivars were grouped as terpene,esters or aldehydes dominant. Terpene hydrocarbons were the major volatiles of 24 cultivars,the dominant terpenes being 3-carene,terpinolene and α-cubebene depending on different cultivars. The highest concentration of esters were found in‘Lippens’,‘Guixiang Mang’and‘Yingwu Mang’,the dominant esters of the three cultivars being butyl butyrate,2-methylbutyl butyrate and ethyl isovalerate,respectively. 6-Bromoindole-3-carboxaldehyde was the major aldehyde in‘Fengshun Wuhe’,which accounted for 33.64% of the total flavor volatile compounds.

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  • Fine Mapping of UI3a,a Gene Controlling Unilateral Incompatibility in Tomato
  • SONG Li-hua,CUI Li-peng,WANG Xiao-xuan,GAO Jian-chang,GUO Yan-mei,HUANG Ze-jun,and DU Yong-chen*
  • Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2016, 43(7): 1275-1285. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2016-0145
  • Abstract ( 327 ) HTML ( 1203 ) PDF (6027KB) ( 1203 )    
  • Unilateral incompatibility(UI)is a kind of incompatibility that occurs in one direction only,most often when the pollen donor is self-compatible(SC)and the recipient is self-incompatible(SI). In the present study,we identified 4 unilateral incompatibility lines(ui3a)from an introgression line(IL)population of Solanum pennellii‘LA0716in a fresh market tomato inbred line 1052 that was developed by our group. Pollen germination test showed that the pollen viability of these ui3a lines was normal. Crosses were successful when these ui3a lines as pollen donor and the self-compatibility(SC)lines from the IL population as recipient,but not vice versa. Pollen tube growth studies indicated that the pistils of these ui3a lines rejected the pollen of themselves and self-compatibility(SC)lines from the IL population,but accept the pollen of S. peruvianum accession‘LA3858. SubsequentlyUI3a gene was fine-mapped to a 349 kb region between markers C2_At3g10220 and 1k-1294 on chromosome 3. There were 37 predicted genes in this region.

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  • Effects of Tomato Psyllid Infestation on Activity of Anti-oxidant Enzymes and Expression Levels of Defense Response Related Genes in the Tomato Carrying Resistance Gene Mi-1.2
  • GANBAATAR Oyunchuluun*,NIU Yi-ding*,BAO Wen-hua,HASI Agula,and HA Da**
  • Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2016, 43(7): 1286-1294. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2016-0080
  • Abstract ( 178 ) HTML ( 961 ) PDF (1335KB) ( 961 )    
  • Mi-1.2 is a CC-NBS-LRR protein encoding gene in tomato that confers broad-spectrum resistance toward nematode and piercing-sucking insects such as aphid,whitefly and psyllid. In this study,we investigated the mechanism of Mi-1.2 resistance toward tomato psyllid by measuring the activity of anti-oxidant enzymes and transcript levels of defense response related genes in resistant tomato cultivar‘Motelle’challenged with tomato psyllid infestation. Feeding of tomato psyllid elevated the activity of protective enzymes POD,CAT and APX,and also induced the expression of the gene coding for PAL,a key enzyme in SA synthesis,SA signaling marker gene PR-1 and also three WRKY family genes required for Mi-1.2 mediated defense response. Mi-1.2 itself is also upregulated by tomato psyllid feeding.  

    Expression level of JA/systemin signaling pathway related genes such as PinIITPI-1PR-6PR-7PR-5 and prosystemin encoding gene Psy did not change,while the expression of JA synthesis related genes AOS2 and LoxD was repressed by tomato psyllid infestation. The results indicated that SA signaling pathway is involved in Mi-1.2 mediated tomato resistance against piercing-sucking insect tomato psyllid. Expression of those genes mentioned above was not altered by RNAi knockdown of Mi-1.2,suggesting that Mi-1.2 has no regulatory role on the expression of these genes.
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  • Identification of Key Signal Gene Involved in Eggplant Bacterial Wilt-resistance
  • XIAO Xi-ou1,2,JIANG Jing1,CHEN Na1,LEI Jian-jun1,Lü Ling-ling2,and CAO Bi-hao1,*
  • Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2016, 43(7): 1295-1304. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2015-0652
  • Abstract ( 248 ) HTML ( 932 ) PDF (2266KB) ( 932 )    
  • To identify the function of signal gene in the eggplant bacterial wilt-resistance,the transcription of 14 genes were silenced by virus induced gene silencing(VIGS)in bacterial wilt resistant eggplant‘E-31. After the VIGS eggplant was challenged by Ralstonia solanacearum,qRT-PCR result showed that the expression levels of 14 genes was reduced compared with the control. The inoculation results showed that after the silence of MKK2MAPK6PAD4NPR1SGT1TGAGluA and WRKY70 in the resistant eggplant,the eggplant displayed the wilt symptom. While the expression levels reducing of MAPK3,MAPK4,NDR1,JAR1,EIN2 and EIL1 in the‘E-31eggplant did not cause the bacterial wilt resistance down. The resulted suggested MKK2,MAPK6,PAD4,NPR1,SGT1,TGA,GluA and WRYK70 positively regulated the resistance of bacterial-wilt in the eggplant. However,MAPK3,MAPK4,NDR1, EIL1,EIN2 and JAR1 was not involved in the bacterial wilt-resistance or negatively regulated the resistance. The result indicated that the regulation of bacterial wilt-resistance involved in eggplant may mainly rely on SA signal way.

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  • Recombination and Mixed Infection of Two Distinct Begomoviruses in Tomato
  • ZHAO Li-ling,ZHONG Jing,YIN Yue-yan,DING Ming*,and ZHANG Zhong-kai*
  • Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2016, 43(7): 1305-1314. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2016-0159
  • Abstract ( 254 ) HTML ( 758 ) PDF (1251KB) ( 758 )    
  • Tomato leaf curl disease induced by begomoviruses pose a serious constraint to tomato production worldwide. Mixed infections in natural condition may cause recombination or pseudorecombination events and generated new virus strains,species or diseased complex that either intensify or ameliorate the severity of disease. In this study,two begomovirus isolates Y3080-32 and Y3080-40,and two betasatellite isolates Y3080-1 and Y3080-2,were obtained from a diseased tomato plant in Honghe,Yunnan Province,China,which shows leaf yellowing and stunting symptoms. Sequence comparison shows that Y3080-32 is highly related to Malvastrum yellow vein Honghe virus(MaYVHoV)that was reported previously to infect only Malvastrum coromandelianum,while Y3080-40 belongs to Pepper leaf curl Yunnan virus(PepLCYnV). Recombination analysis reveals that the isolate Y3080-32 is  a recombinant begomovirus derived from MaYVHoV and PepLCYnV(Y3080-40). In addition,this study shows that the betasatellite isolates of Y3080-1 and Y3080-2 are isolates of Malvastrum yellow vein betasatellite(MaYVB). This report is a documentation of co-infection of MaYVHoV/MaYVB disease complex and PepLCYnV in tomato,and indicates mixed begomovirus infections provide opportunities for recombination and pseudorecombination events to occur.

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  • Cloning and Characterization of Two Genes Encoding Myo-inositol Monophosphatase 1(CmIMP1)and 2(CmIMP2)from Pumpkin
  • WANG An-jun1,2,LI Yu-dan2,3,HUANG He-xun2,LUO Shao-bo2,4,WU Ting-quan2,4,LI Ren-qiang1,*,and ZHONG Yu-juan2,4,*
  • Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2016, 43(7): 1315-1325. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2016-0180
  • Abstract ( 226 ) HTML ( 938 ) PDF (2322KB) ( 938 )    
  • The full-lengh cDNA sequences of the homologous IMP genes encoding myo-inositol monophosphatase,named CmIMP1 and CmIMP2 were cloned from pumpkin(Cucurbita moschata Duch.),using homological cloning method according to the corresponding unigene sequences obtained from the published transcriptome. The GenBank accession numbers for CmIMP1 and CmIMP2 were  KP735607 and KP735608,respectively. Sequence analysis showed that the cDNA sequence length of CmIMP1 is 1 053 bp containing an 810 bp open reading frame(ORF),encoding 269 amino acids. The cDNA sequencelength of CmIMP2 is 945 bp with an ORF of 807 bp,encoding 268 amino acids. Amino acid alignments revealed that the two CmIMP gene sequences contained three conserved domains for lithium-sensitive monophosphatase enzyme and shared high identities with homologous genes from other plants with identity percentage from 63.8% to 94.0%,among which the IMPs from cucumber and muskmelon had the highest identities with them. Real-time PCR analysis suggested that the expression of CmIMP1 and CmIMP2 exhibited tissue specificity with highest in leaves followed by stem hair and 2-day fruit. Real-time PCR analysis for the abiotic stress treatment showed that salt stress,ABA,and drought could induce the expression of CmIMP1. Drought could strongly induce the expression of CmIMP2,then followed by salt stress,while ABA could hardly induce CmIMP2 expression. These results indicated that CmIMP might play significant role in molecular mechanism of pumpkin responding to abiotic stress.

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  • Studies on Floral Morphological Variation of Rudbeckia hirta
  • WANG Hai-ling*,LIU Feng-hua,LIU Tao,WANG Xin-liang,and LI Yan-sheng
  • Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2016, 43(7): 1326-1336. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2015-0757
  • Abstract ( 352 ) HTML ( 641 ) PDF (4765KB) ( 641 )    
  • Floral morphological variation was studied by multiple statistical analysis to supply the basis for spreading and applying of Rudbeckia hirta L. It can be seen that(1)there was distinct diversity in the flower morphological variation of Rudbeckia hirta L. Varity with different degrees are shown among samples in the following items,which are number of ray florets inside color,flower diameter,number of ray florets type,center flower diameter,ray florets length,ray florets width,ray florets length/width,inflorescence type,ray florets type,base orientation of ray floret,edge curly of ray floret,ray floret gesture of lengthwise,primary color inside,comparison between inside and outside of ray floret colors,distribution of ray floret’s inside minor color and ray floret minor color inside geometry. Meanwhile lower variation- coefficient appeared in the number of ray florets,inner wheel ray floret gesture of lengthwise and ray floret minor color inside. Number of keel,upper surface texture,shape of cross-section at widest point and top shape of ray floret were stable traits.(2)Results of R cluster analysis concurred with those of PCA analysis showed that the morphological degrees are relatively independent among selected items.(3)Q cluster analysis classifies the Rudbeckia hirta L. variation plants into four groups,which are named A,B,C,D.

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  • Phenotypic Diversity of Paphiopedilum armeniacum Populations
  • ZHOU Yan-hui1,JIA Rui-dong1,*,YANG Shu-hua1,ZHAO Xin1,GE Hong1,*,LUO Wen-mei2,ZHAO Xin-mei2,and SANG Yi-heng2
  • Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2016, 43(7): 1337-1347. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2015-0949
  • Abstract ( 259 ) HTML ( 882 ) PDF (715KB) ( 882 )    
  • Three populations of Paphiopedilum armeniacum in Yunnan region were surveyed based on 19 phenotypic traits including floral organs,leaves and so on. It was aimed at analyzing the phenotypic diversity among and within populations by some statistical analysis methods. The results showed that there were highly significant differences in phenotypic traits among and within populations. The mean of phenotypic differentiation coefficient(VST)was 53.02%,which meant that differentiation among populations was a bit larger than that within populations. The range of average variation coefficients(CV)about 19 phenotypic traits was 9.68%–26.36%. The average variation coefficients of three populations were 13.27%,15.85% and 14.96%,respectively. Therefore,the variation coefficients varied dramatically among phenotypic traits. Principal component analysis indicated that traits related to plant height,plant height and scape height,contributed to differences of plants mainly. Pearson correlation analysis showed that there were highly significant differences between tepals. Plant height and scape height were highly related to other traits,especially traits which were on behalf of the size of flower organs.

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  • Molecular Cloning and Expression Analysis of Nitrite Reductase Gene CsNiR in Tea Plant
  • ZHANG Fen,WANG Li-yuan,CHENG Hao*,WEI Kang,HU Juan,ZHANG Cheng-cai,LIU Yuan,WU Li-yun,and LI Hai-lin
  • Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2016, 43(7): 1348-1356. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2016-0324
  • Abstract ( 275 ) HTML ( 1055 ) PDF (2054KB) ( 1055 )    
  • Teanitrite reductase(CsNiR)was cloned by RT-PCR from cDNA isolated from leaves of cultivar‘Longjing 43’. The complete ORF of the CsNiR was 1 764 bpencoding 587 amino acids. Alignment of amino acid sequences showed that CsNiR sharing more than 76% similarities to NiR in Betula pendulaArabidopsis thalianaSpinacia oleracea and Oryza sativa. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that the CsNiR was a hydrophilic non-secretory protein with molecular weight 68.648 kD and theoretical pI 6.12. Prediction results by InterProScan showed the secondary structure of CsNiR protein comprised of a hemoprotein beta component and a 4Fe-4S region,and its 3D structure was also predicted  by Swiss Model. qRT-PCR analysis revealed that the expression abundance of CsNiR in mature leaves was the highest among the three tested tissues(two leaves and a bud,mature leaves and roots). Meanwhile,the transcript changes of CsNiR responding to different nitrogen(N)levels were studied by qRT-PCR after resupplying normal N(1 mmol · L-1 NH4NO3)and low N(0.1 mmol · L-1 NH4NO3)on hydroponic seedlings of three tea varieties with treatment of two week N starvation. The CsNiR expression levels were increased significantly in roots at 2 h and 6 h under normal N treatment,but they were changed since 24 h after N supplied in leaves. Furthermore,the transcription of CsNiR was also different among varieties. The transcript abundance of CsNiR increased more greatly under the normal N condition compared to those under low N treatment. Thus,factors like genotypes,tissues,nitrogen levels should be taken into consideration for the role of CsNiR in nitrogen utilization in tea plants.

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  • A Study on Pollen Morphology of Pomelo Germplasms in Hunan Province
  • CHEN Peng1,2,LIU Jing-bo3,LUO Sai-nan1,BU Fan-wen1,4,YUAN Ping1,ZHANG Wen1,and LI Xian-xin1,5,*
  • Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2016, 43(7): 1357-1366. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2015-0909
  • Abstract ( 226 ) HTML ( 860 ) PDF (8641KB) ( 860 )    
  • Pollen morphology of 47 kinds of pomelo and 5 other citrus were examined using scanning electron microscope(SEM). The results of phenotypic character indicated that the pollen morphology had abundant diversity. There were large differences on pollen size and shape. The volume(Polar axis × Equator axis)of the largest pollen is around two times as large as the smallest one. The shape of most pollen is oval. To all other pollen,exine ornamentation were reticulate and mesh were roughly round,expect for the pollen of Daoxian Yeju which has no obvious mesh and mesh ridge. All other pollen had 4  bourgeon channelsonly a few had 5 bourgeon channels. They annularly distributed in equal spaceand extended nearly to two polesexpect for the pollen of Yamasaki Wase which were almost squashed. The pollen of material with high acidity was always long oval, such as sour pomelos,lime,and lemon. They had large mesh size,widen mesh ridge and the holes of germination embedded in bourgeon channels,and vice versa. Clustering analysis on the basis of pollen phenotypic character,52 materials could be divided into 5 groups when the genetic distance was 1.2. The significance of the study on pomelo classification and genetic diversity was discussed through pollen morphological characters.

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  • Effects of Five Interstocks on Shoot Growth,Fruiting and Accumulation of Mineral Elements in Leaves of‘Whangkeumbae’Pear
  • ZHAO Jing*,ZHAO Na-na*,SONG Jian-kun,SUN Hua-li,and WANG Ran**
  • Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2016, 43(7): 1367-1376. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2016-0228
  • Abstract ( 420 ) HTML ( 647 ) PDF (717KB) ( 647 )    
  • The effects of five interstocks were studied on shoot growth,fruiting and accumulation of mineral elements in leaves of‘Whangkeumbae’pear(Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai)in order to provide a basis for interstock selection in pear. The rootstock was P. calleryana Decne. Five interstocks were‘K11P. communis × P. pyrifolia),‘Zhongai 1P. ussuriensis Maxim× P. communis),‘OHF51P. communis L.),‘OHF97P. communis L.)and‘FBA’(P. communis L.)respectively. The shoot growth,yield and mineral element contents of‘Whangkeumbae’grafted on different interstocks were measured during  2011—2014. The results showed that‘K11and‘Zhongai 1had better growing compatibility with the rootstock and the scion. In the first year after grafting,‘Whangkeumbae’trees grafted on interstock‘OHF51exhibited the highest amount of flowers in the first blossom year,however the higher yield per tree and largest individual fruit weight were observed on‘Whangkeumbae’trees grafted on‘OHF97and‘Zhongai 1in the second blossom year. The shoot growth of‘Whangkeumbae’trees grafted on‘K11was significantly higher than that of‘Whangkeumbae’trees grafted on other four interstocks,although the shoot growth tendency of‘Whangkeumbae’trees grafted on different interstocks was similar. During the growing stages. the contents of N,P,Ca,and Mg,in the leaves of the scion trees grafted on‘K11were higher than those on the other interstocks. The content of Mn was the highest on‘OHF51and Zn content was higher on‘OHF97than that on other interstocks. However,the contents of N and P in leaves of the ‘Whangkeumbae’trees grafted on‘Zhongai 1were slightly higher in later growth stage,‘Zhongai 1was better than the other four combination.

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  • Effect of Gibberellin on Growth and Accumulation of Nitrogen of Cucumber Under Suboptimal Root-zone Temperature
  • BAI Long-qiang1,*,LIU Yu-mei1,2,*,MIAO Li1,ZHANG Xiao-cui1,LI Yan-su1,HE Chao-xing1,and YU Xian-chang1,**
  • Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2016, 43(7): 1383-1390. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2016-0044
  • Abstract ( 267 ) HTML ( 830 ) PDF (677KB) ( 830 )    
  • The purpose of this paper is to clarify the effect of gibberellin(GA)on the energy and carbon(C)skeleton supply of nitrogen(N)metabolism of cucumber(Cucumis sativus L.)under suboptimal root-zone temperatures and to provide some theoretic basis for searching an effective way to regulate the N use efficiency of cucumber.Cucumber seedlings at 2-leaf stage were treated with root-zone temperature(RT)22 ℃,RT 16 or RT 16 in the presence of 5 μmol · L-1 GA3(GA)for 8 d. Then the items,including individual plant dry mass,chlorophyll fluorescence parameters,photosynthesis parameters,activity of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase(PEPCase)and sucrose phosphate synthase(SPS),N and  C accumulation,and energy distribution between N and C metabolism were tested.The results showed that exposure of cucumber seedlings to a RT of 16 led to a significant reduction in the photochemistry activity of PSⅡ,O2 evolution rate,activity of PEPCase and SPS,and energy distribution in N metabolism,while a rise in C/N. However,application of GA3 showed prominent effects on mitigating the stress of suboptimal RT. Furthermore,GA treatment increased energy and C skeleton distribution in nitrogen metabolism. In conclusion,GA increased N absorption of cucumber under suboptimal RT conditions through increasing the energy and C skeleton supply.

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  • Determination of Polyphenols in Luffa by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography
  • WEN Wen-xu1,2,3,4,ZHU Hai-sheng1,2,3,*,WEN Qing-fang1,2,3,*,CHEN Min-dong1,2,3,Lin Bi-ying4,and XUE Zhu-zheng1,2,3
  • Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2016, 43(7): 1391-1401. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2016-0195
  • Abstract ( 307 ) HTML ( 978 ) PDF (745KB) ( 978 )    
  • This study based on ultra performance liquid chromatograph(UPLC)for rapid determination method of polyphenols and its content in the sponge gourd to supports luffa enzymatic browning of follow-up studies to provide technical. The liquid-chromatographic separation was performed on Agilent ZORBAX Eclipse Plus C18(2.1 mm × 100 mm,1.7 μm-Micron)column kept at 32 ,using methanol/acetic acid/water mixture as the mobile phase with a flow rate of 0.25 mL · min-1 through gradient elution:0–0.5 min,95% B;0.5–17.5 min,95%–67.5% B;17.5–18 min,67.5%–95% B. The detection wavelength was set at 283 nm. Results showed that 14 polyphenols standard was completely separated within 18 min where detecting thirteen poly samples. The determination coefficients were higher than 0.999 and linear range was from 0.05 to 4 mg · L-1. The limits of quantification range from 0.004 to 0.049 mg · mL-1. Recoveries achieved from the luffa ranged from 95.70% to 106.89%(RSDs,0.32%–4.71%). The precision,reproducibility and stability were satisfactory with the relative standard deviations(RSDs)less than 5%. Gentisic acid as the main polyphenols,followed by chlorogenic acid,dopamine,L-tyrosine,finally the pyrobitumengallic acid,protocatechuic acid,vanillic acid,catechin,epicatechin,p-hydroxy benzoic acid and clove acid as well as the 4-methyl catechol,coumaric acid.

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  • Cloning and Expression Analysis of Chalcone Isomerase Gene from Anthurium andraeanum
  • YANG Zhe1,LIU Ke-lin2,PENG Jia-jia1,3,QIN Yang1,3,ZHENG Gao-yan1,MING Jun1,and LIU Chun1,*
  • Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2016, 43(7): 1402-1410. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2015-0872
  • Abstract ( 190 ) HTML ( 909 ) PDF (1345KB) ( 909 )    
  • A full length cDNA of chalcone isomerase(CHI)was amplified from Anthurium andraeanum L.‘Dakota’by using RACE technology. The relationship between its expression patterns and anthocyanin content were dissected for the purpose of further improving the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway of anthurium. The results showed that the AnCHI cDNA was 1 117 bp with a 777 bp open reading frame in full-length which encoding 258 amino acids. AnCHI was expressed in different developing periods of spathes as well as in roots,stems,leaves and spadixes and the expression levels of AnCHI in the early stages(1–4)of spathes were significantly higher than that in mature stages(5–8). The content of anthocyanin was changed consistently with the gene expression,while the recombinant expression vectors—pGEX-4T1-AnCHI was correctly expressed in prokaryotes. The research suggested that AnCHI may play an important role in promoting the anthocyanin synthesis of Anthurium andraeanum.

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  • Variation of Endogenous Hormones in the Leaves of Male,Female and Hermaphrodite Plants of Eurya obtusifolia During Flowering Stages
  • LI Yun-ting,ZONG Xiu-hong,ZHANG Hua-yu,and DENG Hong-ping*
  • Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2016, 43(7): 1411-1418. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2016-0099
  • Abstract ( 249 ) HTML ( 603 ) PDF (729KB) ( 603 )    
  • The genus Eurya Thunb. was described as strict dioecy in most of the previous literatures,and gender variation was rarely observed. Gender variation was found in Eurya obtusifolia H. T. Chang during the field investigation. Leaves materials were collected from female,male and hermaphrodite plants. The contents of endogenous hormone(IAA,GA3,ZR and ABA)were determined by HPLC,then hormone proportion and hormone dynamics were analyzed. The results showed that,the increase of GA3 and ZR contents was beneficial to the development of male and hermaphrodite flowers. High level of IAA contents promoted the development of female flowers. ABA had uncertain effect on sexual differentiation. High ABA/ZR,IAA/ZR,GA3/ZR ratios could promote the development of female flowers,while high ABA/IAA and GA3/IAA ratios were beneficial to male flowers development.

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  • A New Dwarf Red Pear Cultivar‘Zhongai Hongli’
  • JIANG Shu-ling*,OU Chun-qing,WANG Fei,MA Li,LI Lian-wen,HAO Ning-ning,and JIA Jing-xian
  • Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2016, 43(7): 1419-1420. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2015-0859
  • Abstract ( 398 ) HTML ( 816 ) PDF (1006KB) ( 816 )    
  • ‘Zhongai Hongli’is a new dwarf red pear cultivar which was selected from the hybrid progenies of‘Aixiang’and‘Hexincun’. The tree is mid-vigorous and dwarf,the angle between shoot and trunk is naturally ringent. Its fruit is approximately round and the sunny surface is covered with purplish red color. After post-ripening,the fruit fresh is soft and juicy,taste moderately sour and sweet,with the soluble solids content of 15.38%,the titratable acid content of 0.35%,and the vitamin C content of 0.0145 mg · g-1,and aromatic,the quality is very nice. It is highly resistant to pear scab disease,relatively resistant to pear dry rot disease and relatively hardy.

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  • A New Pepper Cultivar‘Ganke 10’
  • CHEN Wei-guo*,TIAN Bin,LIU Ke-lu,and WANG Zuo-wei
  • Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2016, 43(7): 1421-1422. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2015-0902
  • Abstract ( 321 ) HTML ( 798 ) PDF (1051KB) ( 798 )    
  •  ‘Ganke 10’is a new pepper hybrid F1 developed by crossing P828 with P909. It is early maturing,the fruit is coarser long horns with mild-spiral. Green fruit,more fruit base folds. The fruit length is 30.0 cm,fruit shoulder width is 4.3 cm,flesh thickness is 0.35 cm. The average fruit weight is 87 g. It is mild-hot in flavor. Fiber is fine,good quality. High output,good shelf quality. Pepper blight resistance. It is suitable for the protected cultivation in north area China.

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  • A New Male Sterility Savoy Hybrid‘Huiwu 11’
  • YUAN Ling-yun,ZHU Shi-dong,LIU Shan,CHEN Guo-hu,ZOU Ming-qian,GE Ji-tao,and WANG Cheng-gang*
  • Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2016, 43(7): 1423-1424. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2016-0035
  • Abstract ( 244 ) HTML ( 938 ) PDF (1012KB) ( 938 )    
  • ‘Huiwu 11is a male sterile hybrid from male sterile line‘Wb11-18and male parent ‘W07-8. The cultivar shows better growth potential and could resistant to cold. The plant height is 13–14 cm and leaf number is 27. Its heart is tight and the whole plant leaves are around the firm. The expansion is about 28 cm × 28 cm. The leaf blade is slightly wrinkled and yellowish green;The petiole is white and tender. The average plant mass is about 0.3 kg. The yield is about 49 500 kg · hm-2. It is suitable to be cultivated in open field of the Yangtze River and Huaihe River.

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  • A New Cold Tolerance Green Chinese Prickly Ash Cultivar‘Hanyuan Putao Qingjiao’
  • WANG Jing-yan1,GONG Wei1,*,XIAO Qian-wen1,HU Wen2,WANG Yue2,LU Chun-you3,ZHANG Yan-yun2,and GOU Guo-jun3
  • Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2016, 43(7): 1425-1426. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2014-0013
  • Abstract ( 330 ) HTML ( 593 ) PDF (991KB) ( 593 )    
  • ‘Hanyuan Putao Qingjiao’is a new excellent and indigenous cold tolerance Chinese prickly ash cultivar which was derived from Hanyuan County,Sichuan Province. It has high ability of cold tolerance under low temperature condition in winter in high altitude area. Its fruit cluster looks like grape cluster and the fruit cluster length is 9.8 cm,grain number per fruit cluster is 73,thousand dry fruit peel weight is 18.91 g,volatile oil content is 7.59%,and with lasting spicy and rich aroma. The fresh production of its full bearing period crown projection area is 1.325 kg · m-2,and it has the ability of early fruiting and high yield. It is suitable to plant in the mountain,hill and plain under dry-heat and drought or damp-heat and rainy weather condition.

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