Research Notes

• Study on Climatic Zoning for Wine-grape Growing in Huabei Regions
• Luo Guoguang;Wu Xiaoyun;and Leng Ping
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2001, 28(6): 487-496.
• Abstract ( 1423 ) HTML ( 2450 ) PDF (361KB) ( 2450 ) 　　　
• Based on analysis of the climate data of selected 96 meteorological stations in past 30 years , the climatic regions suitable for wine2grape growing in Huabei Regions were studied. The results of Comparison among different indices for climatic zoning showed that the sum of active temperature
  above 10 ℃during growing season ( ΣTa) proved to be a proper major index , and the hydrothermal coefficient from August to September (K value) - proved to be a proper secondary index of climatic zoning for viticulture in Huabei regions , China. Using these indices with modified criterion , whole
  Huabei Regions including Hebei , Shanxi , Inner Mongolia , Beijing and Tianjin were divided into four climatic regions : Very cool region , Cool region , Moderately warm region , and Warm region. Each region was divided into three sub2regions according to the K value : very dry sub2region , dry subre2
  gion , and wet sub2region. The status and potentials of wine2grape growing and winemaking for each climatic region was evaluated. The development orientation of wine viticulture and proper grape varieties for each region were suggested.
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• Studies on Localization and Change of Ca²⁺ in Fruit Flesh Cells duringFruit Development of Pear
• Peng Shu ang and Iwahori Shuichi
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2001, 28(6): 497-503.
• Abstract ( 1217 ) HTML ( 1074 ) PDF (309KB) ( 1074 ) 　　　
• Relat ionship between Ca2+ localization and change in the fruit flesh cells and cell ultrastructure during fruit development of pear ( Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai) cv. kosui were studied using the cytochemical method of antimonite precip itation technique. The results showed that before the fertilization no Ca2+ sediment particles could be detected in the flesh cells and there existed little chromat in and light staining was observed in the nucleous. After fertilization many Ca2+ sediment particles could be detected in the flesh cells, mainly distributed in nucleus, cytoplasm, plastids and exterior membrane of chloroplast . The plastids containing Ca²⁺ expanded great ly. In addition, Ca²⁺ sediment part icles could be observed in vessels and primarily developed stone cells. It was found that Ca²⁺ moved to the linking space in between the fruit flesh cells one week after fertilizat ion. There was little or no Ca²⁺ in the cells and vessels of physiologically dropped fruits, whereas Ca²⁺ was distributed along the vacuolar membrane of some cells. Three to fourweeks after the fertilization it was difficult to detect the Ca²⁺ sediment part icles in the flesh cells, which continued unt il the fruits were harvested. However, Ca²⁺ sediment particles appeared in both sides of flesh cell wall before the fruits rotted. Relationship between function of Ca²⁺ in fruit development and ultrastructure is discussed herein.
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• Studies on‘Wuye’Litchi Specific Proteins in the Embryo DevelopmentStages
• Chen Wei;LüLiuxin;Huang Chunmei;Zhou Jie;and Liang Wenyu
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2001, 28(6): 504-508.
• Abstract ( 1334 ) HTML ( 1414 ) PDF (224KB) ( 1414 ) 　　　
• Modified IEF-SDS-PAGE technique was applied in comparing and analyzing the
  changes of the protein components during the differentiation and development of litchi embryos. The results showed that while most of the proteins in different stages shared similar gel maps , which indicated
  the stability of embryo protein components , some were found changing. This experiment discovered 6 new specific proteins in different stages of the embryo development . They were 43. 7 kD pI 3. 5 , 55. 0
  kD pI 9. 4 in early torpedo-stages ; 23. 4 kD pI 6. 6 , 25. 1 kD pI 6. 8 in late torpedo2stage ; 25. 1 kD pI 9. 3 , 64. 6 kD pI 5. 9 in early cotyledon2stage. The number of the protein points was the highest in late heart2stage gel map , which indicated that gene expression was most active at the heart embryo stage. The number of protein spots visualized with silver staining is about 300. This result coincided with the one of the protein content determination. These specific proteins showed good repeatability in
  the repeated experiments. It is therefore suggested that these specific proteins might play an important role in litchi embryo differentiation and development .
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• Changes of Main Nutrients during the Fruit Ripening of Walnut
• Zhang Zhihua;Gao Yi;Wang Wenjiang;Zhang Yigong;and Fang Zheng
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2001, 28(6): 509-511.
• Abstract ( 1644 ) HTML ( 1364 ) PDF (94KB) ( 1364 ) 　　　
• The variation in contents of main nutrients were measured systematically during the fruit ripening of walnut . The results showed that the rate of accumulation of lipids in the kernel and potassium in the shuck was exponential . There exists very significant positive correlation between the
  level of potassium in the shuck and of the lipids in the kernel . The contents of potassium in the shuck were significantly higher than that in the kernel and the shell . Of the mineral elements in the shuck , the contents of potassium was highest .
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• The Changes of Aroma Components in Kiwifruit after Harvest
• Tu Zhengshun;Li Hua;Wang hua;Li Kechang;and Lu Jialan
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2001, 28(6): 512-516.
• Abstract ( 1219 ) HTML ( 1619 ) PDF (183KB) ( 1619 ) 　　　
• During hard , edible and overmature periods of kiwifruit var. ‘Kuimi’, and edible period of var.‘Zaoxian’after harvest , the aroma components in the pulp were extracted by solvent extraction and then 80 peaks were separated and 77 components were identified by the analysis of gas
  chromatography/ mass spectrometry. The identified constituents represented 92. 10 % of the total peak area. From hard to edible period of fruit var.‘Kuimi’, the aroma components showed a tendency that higher saturated fatty acids , aldehyde and alcohol of C5 - C7 , and olefine reduceds and higher unsaturated esters and cyclone increased furthermore , from edible to overmature period , higher saturated fatty acids degraded into other constituents , the important characteristic components such as farnesol and
  vanillin disappeared and alcohol increased obviously. Thus , production of components with undesirable flavor was the remarkable characteristic of overmature fruit .
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• Effects of High Temperature Stress on Photosynthesis and ChlorophyllFluorescence in Sweet Pepper ( Capsicum f ructescens L. )
• Wu Hanying;Shou Shenyan;Zhu Zhujun;and Yang Xinting
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2001, 28(6): 517-521.
• Abstract ( 1629 ) HTML ( 2846 ) PDF (208KB) ( 2846 ) 　　　
• Effects of four temperatures (35 , 40 , 45 and 50 ℃) on photosynthetic rate (Pn) , concentration of internal leaf CO2 (Ci) , stomatal conductance ( Gs) , transpiration rate ( Tr) and chlorophyll fluorescence in sweet pepper were studied. The results showed that when plants were treated with 35 and 40 ℃, Pn decreased with the decreasing of Ci . When plants were treated with 45 and 50 ℃, Pn decreased considerably , Ci changed slightly at 45 ℃and increased at 50 ℃. Changes of Gs were positively correlated with Tr. It could be concluded that inhibition of photosynthesis at extreme high temperature stress resulted from nonstomatal limitations , but stomatal limitations lead to inhibition of photosynthesis when plants were under mild high temperature stress. The change of transpiration was more sensitive to stomatal conductance than photosynthesis. Fluorescence parameters such as Fv/ Fm ,
  Fo and Fm were hardly changed under 35 and 40 ℃, but Fv/ Fm and Fm were reduced , Fo was increased at 45 and 50 ℃. After recovery at 25 ℃for 24 hours , Fo , Fm and Fv/ Fmwere almost entirely restored. The results suggested that reversible inactivation of PSII is the main factor leading to photosynthetic inhibition under short terms of high temperature stress.
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• Study on Absorption and Distribution Property of the Main MineralElements in Wasabi ( Wasabia japonica Matsum) Seedlings
• Wu Zhen;Li Shijun;Zhuang Feiyun;and Tao Gongjun
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2001, 28(6): 522-526.
• Abstract ( 1386 ) HTML ( 1548 ) PDF (305KB) ( 1548 ) 　　　
• The main mineral element absorption and distribution property in various parts of Wasabi ( Wasabia japonica Matsum) plant under different nutrient levels were studied. The results showed that Wasabi was a kind of plant that was fond of K、Ca、Mg. Absorption amount of N、Ca、Mgwas high in leaf, but the absorption amount of K is high in root and petiole. Absorption amount of
  mineral elements in various parts of Wasabi plant were raised with nutrition level rising, especially under lower concentration of nutritive solution. Effect of nutrient level on distribution percentage of all mineral elements in different parts of plant was not remarkable, and also not on absorption percentage
  of N, P, K.
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• Studies on Biochemical and Physiological Indices of Chilling Tolerance in Eggplant
• Yao Minghua;Xu Yuejin;Li Xiaoli;and Yuan Li
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2001, 28(6): 527-531.
• Abstract ( 1269 ) HTML ( 1638 ) PDF (101KB) ( 1638 ) 　　　
• Eight eggplant varieties were studied for their chilling tolerance identification by using chilling index under low temperature stress , seed vigor index , electric conductivity percentage , soluble sugar content and Pro content target test . The results showed that electric conductivity percentage at
  5 ℃had significant negative correlation with the cold-tolerance of the varieties , vigor index of seed at 18 ℃had high significant positive correlation with the cold-tolerance of the varieties , soluble sugar and Pro content at 5 ℃had significant positive correlation with the cold-tolerance of the varieties , and the differences were obvious among the varieties. These determined items may be used as the indices of chilling tolerance of eggplants.
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研究论文

• Synthesis of Cytoplasm Hybrid of Non􀀁heading Chinese Cabbagethrough Asymmetric Electric Fusion of Protoplast Cell
• Hou Xilin;Cao Shouchun;She Jianming;and Lu Weizhong
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2001, 28(6): 532-537.
• Abstract ( 1398 ) HTML ( 1130 ) PDF (201KB) ( 1130 ) 　　　
• The effects of different electric fields on the asymmetrical cell fusion of non􀀁heading Chinese cabbage was studied by using OguCMS 91Hqiu􀀁100 ( sterile line) and 91Hqiu􀀁21 (maintainer line) as materials. The best electric field for electric fusion was as follows: alternating current field intensity ( 20V/ cm) , alternating current frequency ( 1500 kHz) , direct current intensity ( 200 V/cm) , direct current pulse width ( 40 􀀁s) , direct pulse number ( 3 t imes) . The product of the fusion was embedded and cultured on KM8P1medium. 383 calli were obtained. Of these calli, 32 shoots differentiated and 20 plantlets developed. 8 plantlets were successfully transplanted after acclimatization.
  Three of the plants were sterile. They set seeds after pollination with the maintainer pollen. Molecular, celluar and biochemistry analysis will be made on their progeny.
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• Selection of Organic Ecotype Soilless Culture Media for Gerbera jamesonii
• Fu Songling;Fu Yulan;and Gao Zhenghui
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2001, 28(6): 538-543.
• Abstract ( 1471 ) HTML ( 1940 ) PDF (206KB) ( 1940 ) 　　　
• This paper took Gerbera jamesonii as trial sample and cinder, mushroom residue, peat and saw dust as culture media. By using sterilized organic fertilizer to replace chemical nutrition liquid, organic ecotype soilless cultivation was conducted and the similar circle arrangement method was
  used in the experiment . 8 medium formulas and 2 fert ilizer formulas were tested during the growth of Gerbera Jamesonii to compare and analyse their influence. The result showed that soilless culture was better than soil culture. The growth of the trial sample increased apparently on the medium of A1B1 ( 3 cinder and 1mushroom residue, and 5 kg muck and 1 kg compound fert ilizer per m³) . The second favorite medium was A6B1 ( 2 peat , 4 saw dust, 2 cinder and 5 mushroom residue, and 5 kg muck and 1 kg compound fertilizer per m³) .
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• Ultracytochemical Localization of ATP􀀁ase Activity in The Cells of Jas􀀁minum Sambac L. Seedlings and Its Relation to Chilling Tolerance
• Su Jinwei and Wang Xiangping
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2001, 28(6): 544-550.
• Abstract ( 1184 ) HTML ( 943 ) PDF (359KB) ( 943 ) 　　　
• Ultracytochmical localization of ATP􀀁ase act ivity was carried out using a leading phosphate precipitation technique in the cells of two different chilling resistance Jasminum sambac L. Ait. seedlings. Under 0 ! chilling stress, the ultrastructure of cells and the ATP􀀁ase activity in the chilling resistant Jasmine ( double petal cultivar) was obviously more stable than that in the chilling sensitive Jasmine ( single petal cult ivar) . The ATP􀀁ase in Jasmine seedlings cells of mesophyll mainly located on plasmolemma, tonoplast , chloroplast lamellae, mitochondria cristae, and plasmodeslma , whereas
  the ATP􀀁ase in cells of minor leaf vein mainly located on the sieve element and the companion cell.
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• Effects of Different Rootstocks on Growth and Physiological Characteristics ofApricot Grafted Seedlings
• Sun Yanxiang;LüZengren;and Zhang Chenghe
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2001, 28(6): 551-553.
• Abstract ( 1212 ) HTML ( 1038 ) PDF (87KB) ( 1038 ) 　　　
• The effects of different rootstocks on growth , peroxidase activity , ABA content of apricot grafted seedling were studied. Compared with apricot stocks or sibirica apricot stocks , duplex persica ( Prunus persica Batsch. var. duplex Sieb. et Zucc. ) made growth of apricot seedlings become strong , peroxidase activity and ABA content reduce. Round persica ( P. persica Batsch. var. vulgaris Maxim. ) and persica ( P. persica Batsch. ) made growth of apricot seedlings become weak , peroxidase activity and ABA content increase. Specially , apricot seedlings on persica stocks were significantly or extremely different from two controls.
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研究报告

• Relationship Between Pre2heat Treatment Alleviating Chilling Injury and Activities of Cell Wall Hydrolases of Persimmon Fruit
• Luo Zisheng;Xi Yufang;Jin Yongfeng;and Zhang Yaozhou
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2001, 28(6): 554-556.
• Abstract ( 1291 ) HTML ( 1066 ) PDF (155KB) ( 1066 ) 　　　
• Persimmon chilling injury can be due to lower activities of polygalacturonase , β2galactosidase , arabinanase and xylanase when the fruit were removed from cold storage (1 ±1) ℃and followed by the ripening at ambient
  temperature (20 ℃) . As pre2heat treatment significantly enhanced the above cell wall hydrolase activities , the chilling injury index and firmness of persimmon were significantly lower than those of persimmon under cold storage , resulting in fruit ripening xormally.
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• Studies on the Effect of Salicylic Acid on Ripening of‘Starkrimson’Apple Fruits
• Tian Zhixi and Zhang Yuxing
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2001, 28(6): 557-559.
• Abstract ( 1473 ) HTML ( 1210 ) PDF (157KB) ( 1210 ) 　　　
• The regulation of Salicylic acid (SA) on ripening and senescence of‘Starkrimson’apple fruits was investigated by spraying SA. Endogenous SA content peak appeared at the early stage of fruit development but decreased
  later. Whereas polygalacturonase (PG) and pectinmethylesterase (PME) ctivities were lower in the fruits sprayed with SA in August seasons before harvest while the effects of 0. 002 mmol·L^-1 SA was significant ; Furthermore , SA inhibited the fruit respiratory rate during store stage. The data suggested SA could delay fruit ripening.
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• Phylogenetic Relationships among Cultivated Allium species from RAPD Analysis of the Chloroplast Genome
• Gai Shupeng;Xie Zhen;Wang Mei;and Meng Xiangdong
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2001, 28(6): 560-561.
• Abstract ( 1168 ) HTML ( 1284 ) PDF (91KB) ( 1284 ) 　　　
• Fourteen Allium cultivars were analyzed by RAPD technique to determine their genetic relations. Of the 56 decamer primers screened , 18 showed consistent band pattern and amplification , and produced 270 bands with 246
  polymorphic bands in the chloroplast genomes. The genetic distances among the materials ranged from 0 to 13. 2. Four sections were classified by UPGMA cluster analysis , which demonstrated that welsh onion chive and bunching onion should be divided into Fistulosum , bulb onion and shallot be clustered into Cepa , the others belong to Porrum and Rhiziridium. There might exist two directions in Allium evolution , pipy leaf type and flat leaf type of Allium were formed.
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• Relationship between Changes of Lignin Content in Different Parts of Radish Root and Hollowness during Storage
• Li Shoutian;Gong Yiqin;Zhou Jianmin;and Wang Longzhi
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2001, 28(6): 562-564.
• Abstract ( 1499 ) HTML ( 976 ) PDF (130KB) ( 976 ) 　　　
• In this experiment, changes of average content of lignin in different parts of root and hollowing index in three varieties of red skin radish during storage were studied. The results showed as follows: hollowing index and average
  content of lignin in different parts increase along with the extention of torage, average content of lignin increases significantly on 30th day after storage and increases at extremely significant level on 50th day after storage. The lignin content and its increase in skin part of root are less than these in other parts of root. Hollowing index increases significantly in 40
  days of storage and at extremely significant level in 50 days of storage, but there is no difference between three varieties. Through the regression analysis, the change of average content of lignin in skin part is significantly correlative with that of hollowing index , but that in head, middle and down parts of root show an extremely correlation with hollowing index .
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• The Genetic Relationship Between Glabrous Foliage Character and Warty FruitCharacter of Cucumber
• Cao Chenxing;Zhang Song;and Guo Hongyun
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2001, 28(6): 565-566.
• Abstract ( 1544 ) HTML ( 1140 ) PDF (116KB) ( 1140 ) 　　　
• The normal cucumber have trichomes on its foliage , spines or spines and warts on its fruit , whereas the mutant glabrous cucumber lacks trichomes on its foliage , spines and warts on its fruit. The character of foliage surface
  was controled by a pair of nuclear genes. The character of trichomes (Gl) was dominant to that of glabrous foliage (gl) . The gene of foliage surface also controlled fruit surface. The Gl-gl gene togather with Tu2tu gene decided fruit surface , which showed three phenotypes : warts and spines , only spines , no warts and no spines , with its proportion being 9∶3∶4. This indicated the epistatic recessiveness of glgl gene to Tu-tu gene.
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• The Application of The Gray System Theory on The Comprehensive Evaluation on of The Main Characteristics of Balsampears
• Xiang Changping;Xie Jun;Zhou Xun;and Wang Liping
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2001, 28(6): 567-569.
• Abstract ( 1198 ) HTML ( 1045 ) PDF (117KB) ( 1045 ) 　　　
• The main characteristics of tested balsam pears cultivars were evaluated by the gray system theory in this paper. The results showed that the rank of relational grade between tested cultivars and the reference was identical with the actual performance of the balsam pears cultivars in the field. It was suggested that this evaluation method would play an important role in developing and evaluating new cultivars of balsam pear in the future.
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• Application of Orthogonal Design in Tissue Culture of Nematanthus glabra
• Li Yan;Wang Qing;Li Yinghui;and Wang Huoxu
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2001, 28(6): 570-571.
• Abstract ( 1480 ) HTML ( 1076 ) PDF (115KB) ( 1076 ) 　　　
• Effects of 2 ,4- , 6-BA , NAA and IBA on callus induction of Nematanthus glabra was studied by L9(34) orthogonal design. The experimental results showed that the best medium for callus induction was MS with 2 ,4-D 1 mg/L , 6-BA 1 mg/L , NAA 1 mg/L. Callus induction rate was higher in the mediumwith 2 ,4-D than without it , callus induction was inhibited with IBA.
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• Effect of Ca²⁺ on Photosynthetic Characteristics of Tree Peony in Protective Field
• Chen Xiangming;Zheng Guosheng;and Zhang Shengwang
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2001, 28(6): 572-574.
• Abstract ( 1155 ) HTML ( 861 ) PDF (204KB) ( 861 ) 　　　
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新品种

• Hongfeng——A New Early Ripening Apricot Variety Obtained by Embryo Cul􀀁ture
• Chen Xuesen;Gao Dongsheng;Li Xianli;Zhang Yanmin;and Zhang Lianzhong
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2001, 28(6): 575-575.
• Abstract ( 1140 ) HTML ( 870 ) PDF (153KB) ( 870 ) 　　　
• Hongfeng! , obtained by the combination method of sexual hybridization and embryo culture, is a new early ripening apricot cultivar. It has some good characters, such as late bloom, early ripening, strong frost resistance,
  self􀀁fruiting, high yield, good quality and so on. It is suitable for open or protective cultivation.
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• ‘Yuhua 2’A Mid-season Peach Variety
• Yu Mingliang;Ma Ruijuan;Tang Xiulian;Guo Hong;Du Ping;and Zhao Mizhen
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2001, 28(6): 576-576.
• Abstract ( 1251 ) HTML ( 996 ) PDF (152KB) ( 996 ) 　　　
• ‘Yuhua 2’ is a mid􀀁season peach variety selected from the natural mutation of 63-9-22 (‘Sims’‘Phillips’) . It ripens at the late July, about 115 days after full bloom. Its average fruit weight is 150 g, the biggest one is
  250 g. The flesh is white, hard􀀁melting, sweet with good storage ability.
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• A New Cabbage F₁ Hybrid by Isolated Microspore Culture——‘Yusheng 1’
• Zhang Xiaowei;Gao Muqiang;Geng Jianfeng;Yuan Yuxiang;Jiang Wusheng;and Li Genyi
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2001, 28(6): 577-577.
• Abstract ( 994 ) HTML ( 776 ) PDF (154KB) ( 776 ) 　　　
• Yusheng 1 is a new cabbage F1 hybrid, whose parents are compatibledouble haploid lines obtained by isolated microspore culture. It takes about 60 days from planting to harvesting and has a nearly round and compact head with delicate and tender leaves. This variety is tolearant to premature bolting and head cracking, and suitable for planting in spring. The mean yield is 44- 55 t/ hm².
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• A New Large2leaf and Round2seed Spinach Variety —‘Boza 18’
• Cui Yanling and Sun Shengxiang
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2001, 28(6): 578-578.
• Abstract ( 1142 ) HTML ( 972 ) PDF (86KB) ( 972 ) 　　　
• ‘Boza’18 is a F1 hybrid of spinach by crossing the female line 932148 with inbred line 932150. The plant in vigorous and uniform and the leaf is large and dark green. The variety has cold tolerance and good tolerance to
  diseases. It also has good quality and high yield , the marketable yield is 30 - 35 t/ hm².
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• Breeding of a New Cucumber Variety‘Jinyou 10’
• Liu Dianlin;Ha Yujie;Yang Ruihuan;and Wang Quan
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2001, 28(6): 579-579.
• Abstract ( 1333 ) HTML ( 810 ) PDF (59KB) ( 810 ) 　　　
• ‘Jinyou 10’ is a F1by crossing the inbred line 81 with inbred line 48. The hybrid is high vigor and fruit primary in main stem in early period. It is early maturing , high yielding and high disease resistant to Downy mildew,
  Powdery mildew and Fusarium wilt. Its total yields are 120 t/ hm² . It has high marketable quality with straight and delicious fruit. The variety is suitable for plastic house production in spring and autumn.
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• A New Cucumber Variety——‘Zhongnong 202’
• Li Xixiang;Yin Yan;Qi Chunzhang;Shen Di;and Song Jiangping
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2001, 28(6): 580-580.
• Abstract ( 1294 ) HTML ( 758 ) PDF (64KB) ( 758 ) 　　　
• ‘Zhongnong 202’ is a femaleness cucumber hybrid with earliness, high resistance to cucumber powdery mildew, angular leaf spot, Fusarium wilt, downy mildew and scab. It is adaptable to the protected field cultivation in
  spring. It has a yield of 75 t/ hm². The fruit is about 30 cm in length, 3. 0 cm in diameter and 150- 200 g in weight. The dark green fruit with white spine has good taste and market quality.
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