Cytoplasmic Effect Analysis of Different CMS Sources of Cauliflower

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2020-0756

Acta Horticulturae Sinica ›› 2021, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (6): 1107-1122.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2020-0756

• Research Papers • Previous Articles Next Articles

Cytoplasmic Effect Analysis of Different CMS Sources of Cauliflower

ZHU Shiyang¹^,^*(), ZHANG Xiaoling¹, LIU Qing¹, ZHONG Weijie¹, LUO Tiankuan¹, TANG Zheng¹, XU Qian¹, ZHOU Yuanchang²^,^*()

¹Key Laboratory of Crop Breeding in South Zhejiang,Wenzhou Academy of Agricultural Science,Wenzhou,Zhejiang 325006,China
²College of Agriculture,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China

Received:2020-12-29 Revised:2021-03-29 Online:2021-06-25 Published:2021-07-07
Contact: ZHU Shiyang,ZHOU Yuanchang E-mail:zhushiyang2000@163.com;zwy_2002@163.com

Abstract

Abstract:

For investigating the cytoplasmic effects of cytoplasmic male sterility（CMS）on major agronomic and quality characters of cauliflower hybrids,six cauliflower sterile lines（A lines）with different cytoplasm from rape and cabbage,etc,and their maintainer lines（B lines）were used to make hybrids of A lines × test lines（AF ₁）and B lines × test lines（BF ₁）. The effects were indicated by AF₁-BF₁ or （AF₁-BF₁）/BF₁（relative effect）. The results showed that significant positive effects were observed on days of curd appearing,days of curd harvesting,and vitamin C content. Comparison of cytoplasmic effects of different CMS sources,the rape cytoplasm had significant positive effects on growth period and number of rosette leaves. The cabbage cytoplasm showed significant positive effects on curd weight,lengthways diameter of curd,vitamin C content and days of curd harvesting,but a significant negative effect on chlorophyll content and number of rosette leaves. The cauliflower cytoplasm presented significant positive effects on growth period and vitamin C content. Comparison of cytoplasmic effects of the six cauliflower CMS lines which showed that NB65A had the highest positive effect on curd weight,lengthways diameter of curd,transverse diameter of curd and soluble sugar content,XG108A had the highest positive effect on cotent of vitamin C and soluble protein. Both of them could be used as the female parent for breeding high yield or high quality combinations. These results indicated that the cytoplasmic of different CMS sources of cauliflower showed complex effects on major agronomic and quality characters,and the adverse effects on some characters could be alleviated or overcome by nucleus of a appropriate male parent.

Key words: cauliflower, CMS, cytoplasmic effect, heterosis utilization

CLC Number:

S635.3

ZHU Shiyang, ZHANG Xiaoling, LIU Qing, ZHONG Weijie, LUO Tiankuan, TANG Zheng, XU Qian, ZHOU Yuanchang. Cytoplasmic Effect Analysis of Different CMS Sources of Cauliflower[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2021, 48(6): 1107-1122.

Figures/Tables 11

References 42

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不育系CMS	CMS及其保持系的选育经过Breeding process of CMS and their maintainer
GM65A	以不育油菜材料（来源不详）为母本,花椰菜自交系GM65-1（‘高美65天'自交选择育成）为父本,通过远缘杂交、回交核置换7代育成;GM65-1连续套袋自交育成保持系GM65B The sterile line GM65A was bred by distant crossing and backcrossing by 7 generations with sterile rape material（unknown）and cauliflower inbred line GM65-1（selfbred from‘Gaomei 65 d'）. The maintainer GM65B was bred by self pollination of GM65-1 with continuous bagging
NB65A	以不育甘蓝材料（浙江省农业科学院钟新民提供）为母本,花椰菜自交系NB65-1（‘农宝65天'自交选择育成）为父本,远缘杂交、回交核置换6代育成;NB65-1连续套袋自交育成保持系NB65B The sterile line NB65A was bred by distant crossing and backcrossing by 6 generations with sterile cabbage material（provided by Zhong Xinmin of Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences）and cauliflower inbred line NB65-1（selfbred from ‘Nongbao 65 d'）. The maintainer NB65B was bred by self pollination of NB65-1 with continuous bagging
SH120A	以不育花椰菜‘魁首65天'（产地智利）为母本,花椰菜自交系SH120-1（‘松花120天'自交选择育成）为父本,杂交、回交核置换7代育成;SH120-1连续套袋自交育成保持系SH120B The sterile line SH120A was bred by crossing and backcrossing by 7 generations with sterile cauliflower material‘Kuishou 65 d'（Chile）and cauliflower inbred line SH120-1（selfbred from‘Songhua 120 d'）. The maintainer SH120B was bred by self pollination of SH120-1 with continuous bagging
YDSL60A	以不育油菜材料（来源不详）为母本,花椰菜自交系YDSL60-1（‘一代神良60天'自交选择育成）为父本,远缘杂交、回交核置换9代育成;YDSL60-1连续套袋自交育成保持系YDSL60B The sterile line YDSL60A was bred by distant crossing and backcrossing by 9 generations with sterile rape material（unknown）and cauliflower inbred line YDSL60-1（selfbred from‘Yidai Shenliang 60 d'）. The maintainer YDSL60B was bred by self pollination of YDSL60-1 with continuous bagging
XG108A	以不育花椰菜‘瑞宝70'（产地日本）为母本,花椰菜自交系XG108-1（‘雪冠108天'自交选择育成）为父本,杂交、回交核置换7代育成;XG108-1连续套袋自交育成保持系XG108B The sterile line XG108A was bred by crossing and backcrossing by 7 generations with sterile cauliflower material‘Ruibao 70'（Japan）and cauliflower inbred line XG108-1（selfbred from‘Xueguan 108 d'）. The maintainer XG108B was bred by self pollination of XG108-1 with continuous bagging
TDXG100A	以不育花椰菜‘雪莲1号'（产地荷兰）为母本,花椰菜自交系TDXG100-1（‘特大雪冠100天'自交选择育成）为父本,杂交、回交核置换8代育成;TDXG100-1连续套袋自交育成保持系TDXG100B The sterile line TDXG100A was bred by crossing and backcrossing by 8 generations with sterile cauliflower material‘Xuelian 1'（Netherlands）and cauliflower inbred line TDXG100-1（selfbred from‘Teda Xueguan1 00 d'）. The maintainer TDXG100B was bred by self pollination of TDXG100-1 with continuous bagging

不育系CMS	CMS及其保持系的选育经过Breeding process of CMS and their maintainer
GM65A	以不育油菜材料（来源不详）为母本,花椰菜自交系GM65-1（‘高美65天'自交选择育成）为父本,通过远缘杂交、回交核置换7代育成;GM65-1连续套袋自交育成保持系GM65B The sterile line GM65A was bred by distant crossing and backcrossing by 7 generations with sterile rape material（unknown）and cauliflower inbred line GM65-1（selfbred from‘Gaomei 65 d'）. The maintainer GM65B was bred by self pollination of GM65-1 with continuous bagging
NB65A	以不育甘蓝材料（浙江省农业科学院钟新民提供）为母本,花椰菜自交系NB65-1（‘农宝65天'自交选择育成）为父本,远缘杂交、回交核置换6代育成;NB65-1连续套袋自交育成保持系NB65B The sterile line NB65A was bred by distant crossing and backcrossing by 6 generations with sterile cabbage material（provided by Zhong Xinmin of Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences）and cauliflower inbred line NB65-1（selfbred from ‘Nongbao 65 d'）. The maintainer NB65B was bred by self pollination of NB65-1 with continuous bagging
SH120A	以不育花椰菜‘魁首65天'（产地智利）为母本,花椰菜自交系SH120-1（‘松花120天'自交选择育成）为父本,杂交、回交核置换7代育成;SH120-1连续套袋自交育成保持系SH120B The sterile line SH120A was bred by crossing and backcrossing by 7 generations with sterile cauliflower material‘Kuishou 65 d'（Chile）and cauliflower inbred line SH120-1（selfbred from‘Songhua 120 d'）. The maintainer SH120B was bred by self pollination of SH120-1 with continuous bagging
YDSL60A	以不育油菜材料（来源不详）为母本,花椰菜自交系YDSL60-1（‘一代神良60天'自交选择育成）为父本,远缘杂交、回交核置换9代育成;YDSL60-1连续套袋自交育成保持系YDSL60B The sterile line YDSL60A was bred by distant crossing and backcrossing by 9 generations with sterile rape material（unknown）and cauliflower inbred line YDSL60-1（selfbred from‘Yidai Shenliang 60 d'）. The maintainer YDSL60B was bred by self pollination of YDSL60-1 with continuous bagging
XG108A	以不育花椰菜‘瑞宝70'（产地日本）为母本,花椰菜自交系XG108-1（‘雪冠108天'自交选择育成）为父本,杂交、回交核置换7代育成;XG108-1连续套袋自交育成保持系XG108B The sterile line XG108A was bred by crossing and backcrossing by 7 generations with sterile cauliflower material‘Ruibao 70'（Japan）and cauliflower inbred line XG108-1（selfbred from‘Xueguan 108 d'）. The maintainer XG108B was bred by self pollination of XG108-1 with continuous bagging
TDXG100A	以不育花椰菜‘雪莲1号'（产地荷兰）为母本,花椰菜自交系TDXG100-1（‘特大雪冠100天'自交选择育成）为父本,杂交、回交核置换8代育成;TDXG100-1连续套袋自交育成保持系TDXG100B The sterile line TDXG100A was bred by crossing and backcrossing by 8 generations with sterile cauliflower material‘Xuelian 1'（Netherlands）and cauliflower inbred line TDXG100-1（selfbred from‘Teda Xueguan1 00 d'）. The maintainer TDXG100B was bred by self pollination of TDXG100-1 with continuous bagging

测验自交系 Test line	原始品种 Original variety	来源地 Origin
SM80	松美80天 Songmei 80 d	福建 Fujian
ZH80	漳花80天 Zhanghua 80 d	福建 Fujian
R4	Rui 4	浙江 Zhejiang
SLTD60	神龙特大60天 Shenlong Teda 60 d	中国香港 Hongkong,China
R111	Rui11-1	浙江 Zhejiang

测验自交系 Test line	原始品种 Original variety	来源地 Origin
SM80	松美80天 Songmei 80 d	福建 Fujian
ZH80	漳花80天 Zhanghua 80 d	福建 Fujian
R4	Rui 4	浙江 Zhejiang
SLTD60	神龙特大60天 Shenlong Teda 60 d	中国香港 Hongkong,China
R111	Rui11-1	浙江 Zhejiang

性状 Character	不育系 CMS
性状 Character	GM65A	NB65A	SH120A	YDSL60A	XG108A	TDXG100A
现球期/d Days to curd appearing	44.50	54.00	77.75	43.00	68.50	69.25
采收期/d Days to curd harvesting	67.25	78.00	110.25	67.50	99.50	95.75
株高/cm Plant height	77.58	63.55	70.80	44.25	54.48	64.93
株幅/cm Plant breadth	99.50	92.03	111.40	72.55	82.18	94.93
叶长/cm Length of leaf	74.30	63.40	75.79	47.68	56.93	66.44
叶宽/cm Width of leaf	29.58	25.85	31.53	25.23	31.90	32.40
叶片数 Number of rosette leaves	22.65	24.10	23.05	20.75	23.25	24.20
花球质量/g Curd weight	570.70	583.20	817.55	541.15	919.70	571.75
花球横径/cm Transverse diameter of curd	17.95	17.51	20.24	15.64	18.93	17.42
花球纵径/cm Lengthways diameter of curd	11.19	12.94	12.48	9.97	11.88	11.74
叶绿素/（mg · kg ^-1）Chlorophyll	4.26	12.33	6.46	4.70	4.38	16.97
类胡萝卜素/（mg · kg ^-1 Carotenoid	1.05	2.44	0.72	1.17	0.65	2.81
可溶性蛋白/（g · kg ^-1）Soluble protein	19.70	15.40	7.70	13.40	8.90	25.50
可溶性糖/（μmol · g^-1）Soluble sugar	21.08	23.41	29.23	19.53	13.98	30.19
维生素C/（μg · g^-1）Vitamin C	161.71	378.73	292.27	250.77	475.20	344.25
性状 Character	测验自交系 Test line
性状 Character	SM80	ZH80	R4	SLTD60	R111
现球期/d Days to curd appearing	70.75	63.50	65.50	47.75	60.75
采收期/d Days to curd harvesting	90.75	91.50	96.50	72.75	79.50
株高/cm Plant height	60.85	57.80	42.63	45.85	56.55
株幅/cm Plant breadth	93.00	101.63	64.98	67.58	77.68
叶长/cm Length of leaf	59.78	64.45	53.75	51.75	55.18
叶宽/cm Width of leaf	24.90	25.83	28.73	31.35	23.68
叶片数Number of rosette leaves	28.95	30.15	24.25	21.10	30.55
花球质量/g Curd weight	376.75	556.45	767.05	533.75	186.45
花球横径/cm Transverse diameter of curd	16.44	18.74	16.88	14.22	14.36
花球纵径/cm Lengthways diameter of curd	10.04	10.69	9.96	8.67	8.65
叶绿素/（mg · kg ^-1）Chlorophyll	33.99	23.74	5.42	2.50	24.48
类胡萝卜素/ mg · kg ^-1）Carotenoid	4.72	2.73	0.67	0.70	3.85
可溶性蛋白/（g · kg ^-1）Soluble protein	12.10	17.80	14.00	20.50	17.20
可溶性糖/（μmol · g^-1）Soluble sugar	32.96	31.59	19.15	23.61	27.36
维生素C/（μg · g^-1）Vitamin C	223.54	331.76	274.87	490.73	459.08

Cytoplasmic Effect Analysis of Different CMS Sources of Cauliflower

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性状 Character	不育系 CMS			测验自交系 Test line			测验自交系对不育系 Test line vs CMS
性状 Character	平均值 Mean	变异系数/% CV	F值 Fvalue	平均值 Mean	变异系数/% CV	F值 Fvalue	F值 Fvalue
现球期 Days to curd appearing	59.50	24.20	1 164.55^**	61.65	13.93	81.84^**	70.28^**
采收期 Days to curd harvesting	86.38	20.85	1 687.88^**	86.20	11.32	211.49^**	0.41
株高 Plant height	62.60	18.91	44.56^**	52.74	15.16	32.23^**	307.02^**
株幅 Plant breadth	92.10	14.70	45.41^**	80.97	19.70	44.44^**	159.71^**
叶长 Length of leaf	64.09	16.63	63.47^**	56.98	8.98	53.97^**	254.62^**
叶宽 Width of leaf	29.41	10.73	49.30^**	26.90	11.56	30.70^**	126.28^**
叶片数 Number of rosette leaves	23.00	5.47	26.60^**	27.00	15.35	147.21^**	363.64^**
花球质量 Curd weight	667.34	23.95	139.54^**	484.09	44.77	1 117.85^**	783.64^**
花球横径 Transverse diameter of curd	17.95	8.64	23.98^**	16.13	11.71	28.60^**	315.08^**
花球纵径 Lengthways diameter of curd	11.70	8.92	21.17^**	9.60	9.44	3.39	282.32^**
叶绿素 Chlorophyll	8.18	64.50	8 925.12^**	18.02	74.91	8 152.06^**	9 388.64^**
类胡萝卜素 Carotenoid	1.47	62.34	1 285.86^**	2.53	72.12	567.33^**	326.55^**
可溶性蛋白 Soluble protein	15.10	44.43	34.14^**	16.30	20.06	7.49^**	16.20^**
可溶性糖 Soluble sugar	22.91	26.75	53.01^**	26.93	21.16	87.16^**	180.94^**
维生素C Vitamin C	317.15	34.16	390.54^**	355.99	32.48	258.06^**	273.93^**

组合 Cross		现球期/d Days to curd appearing	采收期/d Days to curd harvesting	株高/cm Plant height	株幅/cm Plant breadth	叶长/cm Length of leaf	叶宽/cm Width of leaf	叶片数 Number of rosette leaves	花球质量/g Curd weight
母本 ♀	父本♂	现球期/d Days to curd appearing	采收期/d Days to curd harvesting	株高/cm Plant height	株幅/cm Plant breadth	叶长/cm Length of leaf	叶宽/cm Width of leaf	叶片数 Number of rosette leaves	花球质量/g Curd weight
GM65A	SM80	68.00	84.00	77.95	94.20	72.48	26.88	29.65	637.75
	ZH80	60.00	89.25	82.13	115.28	82.73	33.08	28.80	590.30
	R4	65.25	88.50	72.13	102.68	72.08	29.70	23.75	821.90
	SLTD60	52.50	72.25	70.63	99.18	71.60	31.18	24.15	644.40
	R111	59.25	79.75	75.68	113.35	73.75	29.35	29.80	399.95
NB65A	SM80	59.00	83.00	68.68	104.18	69.60	28.25	25.45	515.80
	ZH80	59.25	80.50	72.10	108.38	72.65	29.93	23.60	670.25
	R4	60.00	83.50	67.65	92.70	67.13	28.35	23.25	631.10
	SLTD60	47.00	68.25	63.68	80.90	63.38	30.40	22.55	634.60
	R111	56.75	74.50	64.65	87.35	62.88	26.18	26.15	555.30
SH120A	SM80	72.25	101.00	78.33	120.10	80.73	31.60	30.25	819.55
	ZH80	69.75	96.50	82.35	117.08	80.20	29.83	28.50	985.85
	R4	70.75	101.75	77.30	105.05	77.08	32.00	26.90	893.40
	SLTD60	58.25	91.00	61.93	96.33	67.55	32.68	21.65	732.60
	R111	73.25	97.50	76.10	104.03	74.05	26.98	31.15	639.45
YDSL60A	SM80	54.25	70.50	68.08	95.60	70.18	31.30	26.95	724.30
	ZH80	54.00	71.25	68.25	109.10	73.10	31.43	23.60	669.55
	R4	50.75	75.25	57.90	86.08	61.23	30.05	24.80	670.60
	SLTD60	48.75	66.75	50.08	72.95	54.20	30.13	19.65	702.80
	R111	53.25	69.25	61.33	87.65	61.95	27.68	24.70	763.00
XG108A	SM80	61.75	88.75	67.20	98.40	68.65	30.18	23.40	619.35
	ZH80	60.00	88.25	70.10	101.30	72.88	28.95	21.60	805.25
	R4	63.25	91.00	64.10	93.78	65.25	31.38	21.70	957.60
	SLTD60	54.25	73.50	59.70	100.58	62.05	35.13	23.45	690.95
	R111	61.00	85.50	61.38	99.43	65.03	27.30	25.70	708.70
TDXG100A	SM80	69.00	93.25	73.78	93.28	73.38	29.33	23.33	366.50
	ZH80	63.75	85.50	76.05	115.10	75.60	29.95	28.95	363.25
	R4	68.50	94.00	71.08	101.53	73.73	36.63	22.65	816.80
	SLTD60	54.50	76.50	64.85	88.18	65.25	34.88	25.00	755.45
	R111	61.75	93.25	68.93	103.85	65.85	26.95	28.25	682.55
GM65B	SM80	50.75	70.00	75.63	102.55	72.23	25.75	22.50	563.10
	ZH80	51.00	66.75	80.38	104.63	76.68	30.75	23.00	864.10
	R4	50.25	71.00	72.63	100.18	73.08	32.38	21.35	668.65
组合 Cross		现球期/d Days to curd appearing	采收期/d Days to curd harvesting	株高/cm Plant height	株幅/cm Plant breadth	叶长/cm Length of leaf	叶宽/cm Width of leaf	叶片数 Number of rosette leaves	花球质量/g Curd weight
母本 ♀	父本♂	现球期/d Days to curd appearing	采收期/d Days to curd harvesting	株高/cm Plant height	株幅/cm Plant breadth	叶长/cm Length of leaf	叶宽/cm Width of leaf	叶片数 Number of rosette leaves	花球质量/g Curd weight
	SLTD60	44.75	62.00	61.23	87.80	67.63	33.20	21.65	777.55
	R111	49.50	65.25	72.25	90.75	71.60	30.38	22.90	568.10
NB65B	SM80	59.75	75.75	72.60	101.63	74.53	29.80	31.20	364.45
	ZH80	56.00	73.50	73.55	109.60	71.73	26.30	30.50	373.85
	R4	56.25	79.50	65.63	102.90	68.00	30.28	29.00	534.55
	SLTD60	46.75	65.25	68.23	85.23	66.45	31.73	24.50	600.75
	R111	55.00	68.25	77.63	90.55	69.43	30.30	31.50	375.25
SH120B	SM80	70.25	98.00	76.95	111.50	77.60	26.78	29.05	781.65
	ZH80	66.75	94.25	78.73	111.93	81.40	27.33	29.90	834.15
	R4	68.50	99.50	69.95	108.00	74.00	30.15	27.10	840.65
	SLTD60	55.00	82.75	70.68	109.83	69.00	34.08	20.80	857.55
	R111	69.50	88.25	75.00	109.95	74.03	27.60	30.15	650.15
YDSL60B	SM80	53.50	72.75	62.03	105.90	66.80	29.20	24.20	686.10
	ZH80	53.75	70.75	72.83	101.53	71.08	32.45	24.65	732.75
	R4	56.50	79.00	58.53	98.70	62.73	28.90	24.00	758.50
	SLTD60	46.00	66.50	57.13	74.38	58.65	31.65	20.80	560.15
	R111	51.00	68.75	67.90	88.70	66.68	31.33	25.70	626.65
XG108B	SM80	61.25	88.50	66.90	100.83	67.30	31.75	29.30	819.90
	ZH80	59.50	83.50	68.45	112.83	72.25	32.28	28.30	1 295.20
	R4	62.50	91.75	66.55	100.03	68.30	35.13	20.85	1 168.10
	SLTD60	49.00	76.50	66.23	88.60	62.18	32.30	20.75	942.95
	R111	59.25	85.25	67.70	92.88	63.60	29.43	24.30	866.15
TDXG100B	SM80	63.50	87.25	72.33	98.20	69.03	30.55	27.75	412.20
	ZH80	59.00	87.00	78.53	105.60	72.88	30.78	27.45	471.05
	R4	65.50	92.75	69.43	101.30	70.43	30.83	22.00	924.10
	SLTD60	54.00	79.25	65.08	93.45	65.83	32.20	23.65	921.25
	R111	60.25	80.25	71.00	114.43	68.58	28.80	27.85	423.65
组合 Cross		花球横径/cm Transverse diameter of curd	花球纵径/cm Lengthways diameter of curd	叶绿素/ （mg · kg ^-1）Chloro-phyll	类胡萝卜素/ （mg · kg^-1） Carotenoid	可溶性蛋白/ （g · kg ^-1） Soluble protein	可溶性糖/ （μmol · g^-1） Soluble sugar	维生素C/ （μg · g^-1） Vitamin C
母本 ♀	父本♂	花球横径/cm Transverse diameter of curd	花球纵径/cm Lengthways diameter of curd	叶绿素/ （mg · kg ^-1）Chloro-phyll	类胡萝卜素/ （mg · kg^-1） Carotenoid	可溶性蛋白/ （g · kg ^-1） Soluble protein	可溶性糖/ （μmol · g^-1） Soluble sugar	维生素C/ （μg · g^-1） Vitamin C
GM65A	SM80	19.89	12.16	13.88	1.60	14.0	27.92	428.66
	ZH80	21.64	12.13	14.38	2.09	18.5	26.65	259.90
	R4	19.93	12.52	8.79	1.07	8.6	23.82	225.07
	SLTD60	16.84	9.46	7.11	1.37	25.3	21.62	328.99
	R111	14.93	9.64	13.72	2.20	20.6	22.27	157.88
NB65A	SM80	17.64	10.94	10.31	2.62	6.9	30.41	455.56
	ZH80	19.98	11.77	16.35	2.72	14.6	22.70	289.28
	R4	17.85	10.77	5.66	0.78	16.8	19.88	485.14
	SLTD60	15.82	9.67	1.69	0.66	18.2	18.02	471.88
	R111	17.30	8.99	9.39	1.88	18.7	23.74	277.84
SH120A	SM80	20.78	12.32	6.81	0.63	8.2	26.32	246.17
	ZH80	20.94	11.84	7.52	0.85	6.6	16.74	258.68
	R4	19.79	11.76	5.09	0.57	8.8	18.67	146.03
	SLTD60	17.20	8.99	2.33	0.70	8.9	24.63	239.03
	R111	20.03	11.79	5.29	0.55	15.1	25.18	215.81
YDSL60A	SM80	17.95	10.47	6.54	1.36	7.5	20.90	269.76
	ZH80	17.37	9.58	6.89	1.12	14.7	20.93	193.70
	R4	16.67	9.49	4.14	1.14	14.2	18.67	430.11
	SLTD60	17.50	9.71	3.47	0.72	17.6	16.97	261.56
	R111	19.00	11.19	5.84	1.22	14.0	19.05	244.68
XG108A	SM80	17.19	9.61	8.75	1.33	8.6	22.03	358.37
	ZH80	18.25	10.08	8.46	1.54	14.7	23.98	459.68
	R4	18.42	10.46	3.64	0.41	5.1	21.45	425.02
	SLTD60	16.97	9.88	1.96	0.97	18.7	21.65	523.80
	R111	18.79	11.61	4.19	0.76	12.4	17.68	494.18
TDXG100A	SM80	16.51	9.97	17.92	3.14	11.2	27.77	416.32
	ZH80	16.65	9.77	9.98	1.52	7.2	23.81	480.28
组合 Cross		花球横径/cm Transverse diameter of curd	花球纵径/cm Lengthways diameter of curd	叶绿素/ （mg · kg ^-1）Chloro-phyll	类胡萝卜素/ （mg · kg ^-1） Carotenoid	可溶性蛋白/ （g · kg ^-1） Soluble protein	可溶性糖/ （μmol · g^-1） Soluble sugar	维生素C/ （μg · g^-1） Vitamin C
母本 ♀	父本♂	花球横径/cm Transverse diameter of curd	花球纵径/cm Lengthways diameter of curd	叶绿素/ （mg · kg ^-1）Chloro-phyll	类胡萝卜素/ （mg · kg ^-1） Carotenoid	可溶性蛋白/ （g · kg ^-1） Soluble protein	可溶性糖/ （μmol · g^-1） Soluble sugar	维生素C/ （μg · g^-1） Vitamin C
	R4	19.48	12.34	9.50	1.40	13.9	28.50	166.13
	SLTD60	17.60	11.61	4.55	0.87	8.2	26.11	327.54
	R111	17.70	11.00	18.68	2.67	13.0	26.08	394.30
GM65B	SM80	18.28	11.08	12.36	2.74	21.7	26.03	216.82
	ZH80	22.49	12.32	5.70	1.33	22.3	24.03	352.83
	R4	18.36	11.74	12.47	1.90	18.2	20.50	256.93
	SLTD60	17.57	9.97	3.11	0.74	20.0	19.76	236.05
	R111	18.45	10.82	10.48	1.70	12.8	19.57	298.41
NB65B	SM80	14.77	9.89	28.48	4.18	20.9	19.24	393.30
	ZH80	16.78	10.43	16.85	2.44	22.9	26.71	255.76
	R4	17.09	9.59	16.58	2.79	9.2	19.26	482.12
	SLTD60	15.74	9.62	7.87	1.53	14.6	20.26	414.99
	R111	16.63	8.57	19.50	3.13	18.7	19.35	230.93
SH120B	SM80	20.08	11.24	7.82	0.63	7.9	27.79	270.68
	ZH80	19.83	11.40	10.40	1.38	15.1	19.60	227.97
	R4	18.41	11.23	3.72	0.49	14.1	20.16	242.05
	SLTD60	19.32	10.35	2.91	0.78	14.4	21.92	239.83
	R111	20.24	12.14	6.73	0.56	8.3	25.44	169.71
YDSL60B	SM80	17.07	10.18	9.90	1.77	13.8	18.99	344.63
	ZH80	19.78	10.53	6.95	1.24	13.4	16.29	201.74
	R4	17.35	9.67	3.11	0.66	10.6	22.63	336.39
	SLTD60	16.08	9.11	2.74	0.65	17.2	19.19	140.87
	R111	16.85	9.88	5.75	1.40	17.5	19.96	180.64
XG108B	SM80	18.73	10.93	7.82	1.25	8.6	25.35	331.00
	ZH80	21.00	12.00	5.25	1.12	12.0	27.58	317.69
	R4	20.79	11.85	4.47	0.62	9.2	16.33	243.11
	SLTD60	18.27	10.92	3.17	0.71	8.2	21.32	345.73
	R111	20.62	12.08	9.12	1.72	15.4	20.80	436.04
TDXG100B	SM80	15.06	8.94	14.34	1.87	10.8	28.18	357.77
	ZH80	18.17	10.72	10.40	1.75	14.8	25.69	343.81
	R4	20.68	12.95	10.45	1.18	8.4	20.77	256.10
	SLTD60	19.07	12.59	3.63	0.81	15.5	27.01	358.72
	R111	16.04	9.08	22.47	3.75	11.3	25.66	186.94

性状 Character	正效应 Positive effect		负效应 Negative effect		平均效应 Average effect	变幅 Range
性状 Character	组合数 No. of combinations	显著组合数 No. of significant combinations	组合数 No. of combinations	显著组合数 No. of significant combinations	平均效应 Average effect	变幅 Range
现球期 Days to curd appearing	28	15	2	1	3.52^**	-5.75 ~ 17.25
采收期 Days to curd harvesting	24	14	6	1	4.80^**	-3.75 ~ 22.50
株高 Plant height	14	2	16	3	-0.92	-12.98 ~ 9.40
株幅 Plant breadth	12	3	18	3	-0.56	-13.50 ~ 22.60
叶长 Length of leaf	16	1	14	4	0.08	-6.55 ~ 6.05
叶宽 Width of leaf	11	5	19	5	-0.22	-4.13 ~ 5.80
叶片数 Number of rosette leaves	17	7	13	7	-0.24	-6.90 ~ 7.15
花球质量 Curd weight	14	8	16	10	-26.48	-489.95 ~ 296.40
花球横径 Transverse diameter of curd	15	2	15	4	-0.10	-3.53 ~ 3.21
花球纵径 Lengthways diameter of curd	15	1	15	1	-0.01	-1.92 ~ 1.92
叶绿素 Chlorophyll	12	5	18	9	-1.39	-18.18 ~ 8.67
类胡萝卜素 Carotenoid	13	5	17	9	-0.21	-2.01 ~ 1.27
可溶性蛋白 Soluble protein	15	6	15	12	-0.12	-1.40 ~ 1.05
可溶性糖 Soluble sugar	15	6	15	4	0.63	-4.01 ~ 11.17
维生素C Vitamin C	20	16	10	5	42.06^*	-140.53 ~ 211.84
合计 Total	241	96	209	78

性状 Character	年份 Year	区组 Block	组合 Cross	母本 Female	父本 Male	母本 × 父本 Female × male	年份 × 组合 Year × cross	误差 Error
自由度df	1	2	29	5	4	20	29	58
现球期 Days to curd appearing	2.70	1.07	82.90^**	348.29^**	3.95	32.34^**	6.84	5.19
采收期 Days to curd harvesting	19.20	6.67	170.94^**	705.22^**	83.57^**	54.84^**	22.30^**	5.87
株高 Plant height	17.25	21.90	96.35^**	151.09^**	137.50^**	74.43^**	30.88	20.83
株幅 Plant breadth	47.88	55.11	307.85^**	358.79^**	249.92^**	306.71^**	126.88^**	45.82
叶长 Length of leaf	9.02	3.29	38.25^**	68.87^**	53.39^**	27.57^**	10.15	11.53
叶宽 Width of leaf	1.41	1.04	27.54^**	27.14^**	32.61^**	26.63^**	2.41	1.62
叶片数 Number of rosette leaves	1.34	1.31	57.86^**	212.02^**	20.31^**	26.82^**	3.73^*	2.07
花球质量 Curd weight	803.94	225.43	125 563.73^**	379 940.22^**	71 818.39^**	72 718.67^**	2 149.07^**	375.03
花球横径 Transverse diameter of curd	0.04	0.01	12.58^**	25.50^**	10.48^**	9.78^**	0.02	0.01
花球纵径 Lengthways diameter of curd	0.05^*	0.01	4.18^**	8.88^**	4.78^**	2.89^**	0.12^**	0.02
叶绿素 Chlorophyll	1.43^**	0.01	102.49^**	325.69^**	79.35^**	51.32^**	14.63^**	0.04
类胡萝卜素 Carotenoid	0.03	0.04^**	2.15^**	3.68^**	1.59^**	1.88^**	0.42^**	0.01
可溶性蛋白 Soluble protein	0.05	0.04	1.49^**	0.35^**	2.01^**	1.66^**	0.16^**	0.06
可溶性糖 Soluble sugar	0.86	2.44	52.03^**	40.05^**	31.73^**	59.08^**	12.95^**	2.15
维生素C Vitamin C	764.92	192.59	34 415.12^**	38 672.87^**	10 790.54^**	38 075.59^**	3 078.96^**	872.14

性状 Character	GM65A	NB65A	SH120A	YDSL60A	XG108A	TDXG100A
现球期 Days to curd appearing	11.75^**	1.65	2.85^**	0.05	1.75	3.05^*
采收期 Days to curd harvesting	15.75^**	5.50^**	5.00^*	-0.95	0.30	3.20
株高 Plant height	3.28	-4.18	0.94	-2.56	-2.67	-0.34
株幅 Plant breadth	7.76	-3.28	-1.73	-3.57	-0.33	-2.21
叶长 Length of leaf	2.29	-2.90	0.72	-1.06	0.05	1.42
叶宽 Width of leaf	-0.45	-1.06	1.43	-0.59	-1.59	0.92
叶片数 Number of rosette leaves	4.95^**	-5.14^**	0.29	0.07	-1.53	-0.11
花球质量 Curd weight	-69.44	151.64^*	21.34	33.22	-262.09^*	-33.54
花球横径 Transverse diameter of curd	-0.38	1.52	0.17	0.27	-1.96	-0.22
花球纵径 Lengthways diameter of curd	-0.00	0.81^*	0.07	0.22	-1.23^**	0.08
叶绿素 Chlorophyll	2.75	-9.18^*	-0.91	-0.31	-0.57	-0.13
类胡萝卜素 Carotenoid	-0.01	-1.08	-0.11	-0.03	-0.08	0.04
可溶性蛋白 Soluble protein	-0.16	-0.22	-0.24	-0.09	0.12	-0.15
可溶性糖 Soluble sugar	2.48^**	1.98	-0.67	-0.11	-0.92	0.99
维生素C Vitamin C	7.89	40.52^*	-8.90	39.11	117.50^*	56.25

性状 Character	细胞质效应D Cytoplasmic effect D			相对细胞质效应D% Relative cytoplasmic effect D%
性状 Character	油菜 Rape	甘蓝 Cabbage	花椰菜 Cauliflower	油菜 Rape	甘蓝 Cabbage	花椰菜 Cauliflower
现球期 Days to curd appearing	5.90^*	1.65	2.55^**	12.18^*	3.04	4.26^**
采收期 Days to curd harvesting	7.40^*	5.50^**	2.83^*	11.22^*	7.62^**	3.30^*
株高 Plant height	0.36	-4.18	-0.69	0.68	-4.99	-0.97
株幅 Plant breadth	2.10	-3.28	-1.42	2.77	-3.27	-1.01
叶长 Length of leaf	0.62	-2.90	0.73	0.71	-4.07	1.04
叶宽 Width of leaf	-0.52	-1.06	0.25	-1.35	-3.07	1.19
叶片数 Number of rosette leaves	2.51^*	-5.14^**	-0.45	11.28^*	-17.00^*	-0.90
花球质量 Curd weight	-18.11	151.64^*	-91.43	-0.98	38.51^*	-7.65
花球横径 Transverse diameter of curd	-0.06	1.52	-0.67	0.11	9.52	-3.08
花球纵径 Lengthways diameter of curd	0.11	0.81^*	-0.36	1.07	8.33^*	-2.73
叶绿素 Chlorophyll	1.22	-9.18^*	-0.54	32.90	-51.92^*	-0.36
类胡萝卜素 Carotenoid	-0.02	-1.08	-0.05	13.54	-37.77	1.60
可溶性蛋白 Soluble protein	-0.12	-0.22	-0.09	-0.90	2.20	3.53
可溶性糖 Soluble sugar	1.18	1.98	-0.20	6.69	12.31	0.56
维生素C Vitamin C	23.50	40.52^*	54.95^*	17.81	14.90^*	20.90^*

性状 Character	GM65A	NB65A	SH120A	YDSL60A	XG108A	TDXG100A
现球期 Days to curd appearing	23.88 a	3.04 bc	4.47 b	0.48 c	3.32 b	5.01 b
采收期 Days to curd harvesting	23.51 a	7.62 b	5.67 bc	-1.07 d	0.35 d	3.89 c
株高 Plant height	5.10 a	-4.99 d	1.16 ab	-3.73 cd	-3.84 cd	-0.24 bc
株幅 Plant breadth	9.04 a	-3.27 b	-1.50 b	-3.49 b	0.49 b	-2.02 b
叶长 Length of leaf	3.24 a	-4.07 c	0.97 ab	-1.82 bc	0.13 ab	2.01 a
叶宽 Width of leaf	-1.07 b	-3.07 bc	5.43 a	-1.63 b	-4.73 c	2.86 a
叶片数 Number of rosette leaves	22.19 a	-17.00 d	1.28 b	0.38 b	-4.07 c	0.08 b
花球质量 Curd weight	-8.44 e	38.51 a	2.68 c	6.47 b	-25.13 f	-0.50 d
花球横径 Transverse diameter of curd	-1.93 e	9.52 a	0.93 c	2.14 b	-9.76 f	-0.41 d
花球纵径 Lengthways diameter of curd	-0.30 c	8.33 a	0.35 c	2.44 b	-10.76 d	2.22 b
叶绿素 Chlorophyll	59.54 a	-51.92 e	-6.30 d	6.26 b	0.24 c	4.99 b
类胡萝卜素 Carotenoid	17.19 a	-37.77 e	-6.38 d	9.89 b	1.13 c	10.06 b
可溶性蛋白 Soluble protein	-1.26 b	2.20 b	-7.74 b	-0.55 b	19.27 a	-0.94 b
可溶性糖 Soluble sugar	11.94 a	12.31 a	-3.05 d	1.45 bc	-0.74 cd	5.47 b
维生素C Vitamin C	10.35 c	14.90 c	-1.37 d	25.27 b	38.84 a	25.23 b

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[2]	HUANG Jingjing, LIU Wei, LIU Yumei, HAN Fengqing, FANG Zhiyuan, YANG Limei, ZHUANG Mu, ZHANG Yangyong, LÜ Honghao, WANG Yong, JI Jialei, LI Zhansheng. Creation of Fertility Restorer Materials for Ogura CMS Broccoli and the Study of Its Genetic Background [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2022, 49(3): 533-547.
[3]	REN Wenjing, YU Hailong, CHEN Li, ZHANG Bin, CHEN Wendi, FANG Zhiyuan, YANG Limei, ZHUANG Mu, LÜ Honghao, WANG Yong, JI Jialei, ZHANG Yangyong. High-throughput Screening of Transmission Rate for Ogura CMS Fertility Restorer Gene Rfo by HRM Technique in Cabbage [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2021, 48(11): 2197-2210.
[4]	ZHANG Xiaoling, LIU Qing, ZHU Shiyang, ZHONG Weijie, LUO Tiankuan, TANG Zheng, and QIU Boyin. A New Loose-curd Cauliflower Hybrid‘Ousong 60’ [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2020, 47(9): 1861-1862.
[5]	ZHANG Li*，WANG Qingbiao，and WANG Yanping. Distribution of orf687，a Fertility Restorer Gene for Ogura CMS in Radish [J]. ACTA HORTICULTURAE SINICA, 2020, 47(5): 864-874.
[6]	YAO Xingwei，NIU Guobao，LIU Lili，SHAN Xiaozheng，WEN Zhenghua，JIANG Hanmin，ZHANG Xiaoli，and SUN Deling*. A New Cauliflower Cultivar‘Jinpin 75’ [J]. ACTA HORTICULTURAE SINICA, 2019, 46(S2): 2783-2784.
[7]	LIU Qing，ZHANG Xiaoling*，ZHU Shiyang，TANG Zheng，Qiu Boyin，and LUO Tiankuan. A New Loose-curd Cauliflower Cultivar‘Ousong 90 d’ [J]. ACTA HORTICULTURAE SINICA, 2019, 46(S2): 2785-2786.
[8]	YANG Long，LI Yirong，SU Yinling，WANG Lingmin，CHEN Guangping，MA Jixian，TANG Zhengfu，DAN Zhong，and MU Wanfu*. A New Cauliflower Cultivar‘Yunsonghua 1’ [J]. ACTA HORTICULTURAE SINICA, 2019, 46(8): 1625-1626.
[9]	CHEN Zeyu1，WANG Yujing1，XU Qiyue1，HAN Xiaoxia2，HU Qiumei3，YANG Li1，CHEN Wenrong1，LIAO Fanglei1,，and GUO Weidong1,. CmsCRC is Involved in Regulated Fingers Stretch in Fingered Citron and Activated Under Lower Temperature [J]. ACTA HORTICULTURAE SINICA, 2019, 46(11): 2143-2154.
[10]	SHAN Xiaozheng，WEN Zhenghua，ZHANG Xiaoli，JIANG Hanmin，YAO Xingwei，LIU Lili，NIU Guobao，and SUN Deling*. A New Loose-curd Cauliflower Cultivar‘Yousong 60’ [J]. ACTA HORTICULTURAE SINICA, 2018, 45(S2): 2745-2746.
[11]	YAO Xingwei，SUN Deling，NIU Guobao，SHAN Xiaozheng，WEN Zhenghua，JIANG Hanmin，ZHANG Xiaoli，and LIU Lili*. A New Cauliflower Cultivar‘Jinpin 56’ [J]. ACTA HORTICULTURAE SINICA, 2018, 45(10): 2063-2064.
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[13]	DING Yun-hua. A New Cauliflower Cultivar‘Jingsong 1’ [J]. ACTA HORTICULTURAE SINICA, 2016, 43(S2): 2735-2736.
[14]	ZHANG Jie1,2，WANG Gui-xiang2，HAN Shuo2，YAN Hong3，ZONG Mei2，GUO Ning2，and LIU Fan2,*. The Phenotype Evolution and Transfer Breeding of Black Rot Resistance in Somatic Hybrids Between Cauliflower and Black Mustard [J]. ACTA HORTICULTURAE SINICA, 2016, 43(2): 271-280.
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