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园艺学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (12): 2308-2320.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2018-0176

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于叶绿体DNA信息的南方梨属种质的遗传多样性和演化分析

齐 丹1,*,常耀军1,*,曹玉芬1,**,胡红菊2,田路明1,董星光1,张 莹1,霍宏亮1,徐家玉1,张小双1,刘 超1   

  1. 1中国农业科学院果树研究所,农业部园艺作物种质资源利用重点实验室,辽宁兴城 125100;2湖北省农业科学院果树茶叶研究所,武汉 430064
  • 出版日期:2018-12-25 发布日期:2018-12-25
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(31272128);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(CARS-29-01);中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目

Genetic Diversity and Phylogenetics of Pear(Pyrus L.)Germplasm Resources from South China Revealed by Chloroplast DNA

QI Dan1,*,CHANG Yaojun1,*,CAO Yufen1,**,HU Hongju2,TIAN Luming1,DONG Xingguang1,ZHANG Ying1,HUO Hongliang1,XU Jiayu1,ZHANG Xiaoshuang1,and LIU Chao1   

  1. 1Research Institute of Pomology,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops;Germplasm Resources Utilization,Xingcheng,Liaoning 125100,China;2Institute of Fruit and Tea,Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan 430064,China
  • Online:2018-12-25 Published:2018-12-25

摘要: 选取5个叶绿体DNA非编码区trnL-trnF-1、trnL-trnF-2、trnS-psbC、accD-psaI、rps16-trnQ和1个基因区域rbcL,对中国秦岭淮河以南地区的梨(Pyrus L.)资源进行遗传多样性和演化分析。将188份梨资源的测序结果整合得到长度为5 612 bp(包含缺失片段),共检测出13个单倍型、4个单一突变位点、16个简约性信息位点和14个插入/缺失片段(InDels),单倍型多样性Hd为0.7178,核苷酸多样性为0.35 × 10-3。accD-psaI区域的分析结果显示该区域的Hd值最高,为0.7177;rbcL区域的Hd值最低,为0.0317。其中162份梨资源检测出12个单倍型,Hd为0.713,核苷酸多样性为0.29 × 10-3;梨的不同地理群体中湖南省的10个梨地方品种的Hd最高,为0.889;来自贵州省的8个品种的Hd最低,为0。138份砂梨地方品种共检测出8个叶绿体单倍型,其中单倍型H2、H4和H5在130份砂梨和37份白梨品种中检测到,单倍型H6、H10、H11、H12和H13在8份砂梨地方品种‘青皮钟’、‘甜宵梨’、‘细花红梨’、‘惠阳红梨’、‘麝香梨’、‘塘湖青’、‘红粉’和‘横县浸泡梨’中检测到。Median-joining Network图显示单倍型H6和H11为古老单倍型,H1、H4和H5为较进化的单倍型。根据叶绿体DNA序列变异信息可推测秦岭淮河以南地区的砂梨和白梨亲缘关系较近,同时来自湖南地区的砂梨种质资源具有丰富的遗传多样性。

关键词: 梨, 种质, 叶绿体DNA, 遗传多样性, 演化分析

Abstract: In this study we investigated 5 chloroplast DNA non-coding regions trnL-trnF-1,trnL-trnF-2,trnS-psbC,accD-psaI,rps16-trnQ and one gene rbcL of pear(Pyrus L.)accessions originated from southern area of Qinling Mountain–Huaihe River line to detect the evolutionary relationship and genetic diversity. The aligned length of combined fragment of 188 pear accessions was 5 612 bp(InDels included). A total of 13 haplotypes,4 singleton variable sites,16 parsimony informative sites and 14 InDels were recognized after sequencing analysis,and the haplotype diversity(Hd)and nucleotide diversity (Pi)were 0.7178 and 0.35 × 10-3,respectively. Among the chloroplast DNA regions studied,the highest Hd value 0.7177 was detected in the accD-psaI intergenic spacer and the lowest one 0.0317 was found in rbcL gene region. Twelve haplotypes were identified in 162 pear accessions originated from southern area of Qinling–Huaihe line and their haplotype diversity(Hd)and nucleotide diversity(Pi)were 0.713 and 0.29 × 10-3,respectively. In geography distribution of pears,the highest Hd value(0.889)was detected in 10 accessions from Hunan Province and the lowest one(0)was found in 8 accessions from Guizhou Province. Eight haplotypes were identified in 138 Chinese Sand Pear accessions,of which 3 common cpDNA haplotypes H2,H4 and H5 were shared by 130 Chinese Sand Pear and 37 Chinese White Pear ones and 5 rare cpDNA haplotypes H6,H10,H11,H12 and H13 were detected in 8 Sand Pear local accessions‘Qingpizhong’,‘Tianxiaoli’,‘Xihua Hongli’,‘Huiyang Hongli’,‘Shexiangli’,‘Tanghuqing’,‘Hongfen’and‘Hengxian Jinpaoli’. The Median-joining Network showed H6 and H11 were the ancestral cpDNA haplotypes,whereas H1,H4 and H5 were the advanced ones. A close genetic relationship between P. pyrifolia and P. bretschneideri from southern area of Qinling–Huaihe line and high genetic diversity of the local cultivated sand pears from Hunan Province could be inferred based on chloroplast DNA variation information.

Key words: pear, germplasm, chloroplast DNA, genetic diversity, phylogenetic relationship

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