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园艺学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (3): 457-470.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2017-0454

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

两种叶幕类型‘摩尔多瓦’葡萄套袋果实花色苷代谢的差异

刘笑宏1,2,肖秋红2,孙永江2,杜远鹏2,翟 衡2,*   

  1. (1山东省烟台市农业科学研究院,山东烟台 265500;2山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院/作物生物学国家重点实验室,山东泰安 271018)
  • 出版日期:2018-03-25 发布日期:2018-03-25

Difference of Bagged‘Moldova’Grapes’ Anthocyanin Metabolism for Two Trellis Systems

LIU Xiaohong1,2,XIAO Qiuhong2,SUN Yongjiang2,DU Yuanpeng2,and ZHAI Heng2,*   

  1. (1Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Yantai,Shandong 265500,China;2College of Horticulture and engineering,Shandong Agricultural University,State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology,Tai’an,Shandong 271000,China)
  • Online:2018-03-25 Published:2018-03-25

摘要:

为了研究水平叶幕和直立叶幕所构成的微域环境对套袋葡萄果实花色苷代谢的影响,分别以棚架、篱架代表水平叶幕和直立叶幕,连续两年对棚架和篱架的‘摩尔多瓦’葡萄进行套袋,于果实膨大期开始实时监控果穗袋内微环境的温度和湿度;从转色期至果实成熟,测定不同发育阶段浆果果皮花色苷单体组分与含量,以及果皮花色苷代谢途径相关基因表达量与酶活性,分析果实品质差异。结果表明,2015年、2016年棚架水平叶幕下套袋果实袋内的高温极值及高温比例和湿度波动幅度与篱架直立叶幕套袋相比均有明显降低;连续两年成熟果实还原糖含量分别比篱架套袋的高18.33%和15.41%,且棚架的果实酸度较低;2015年测定棚架套袋果实的单宁及花色苷含量分别比篱架套袋的提高22.32%和35.29%,果实果皮红色度显著提高,而2016年夏季较冷凉,棚架套袋果实的总酚、黄烷醇、类黄酮含量分别比篱架套袋降低10.72%、10.97%和45.04%。2015年花后77 d,棚架套袋果实的花色苷单体含量较高,但到花后91 d时,篱架套袋果实花色苷单体含量补偿性增加。成熟果实果皮中均检测到21种花色苷单体,棚架套袋葡萄花色苷双糖苷化、甲基化及总修饰度均高于篱架套袋果实,但有19种花色苷单体含量低于篱架套袋果实。花后63 ~ 105 d,除VvOMT外,棚架与篱架套袋葡萄花色苷代谢途径中VvUFGT、VvLDOX、Vv5GT和VvPPO基因表达变化趋势一致,但相关酶活性差异较大。由此可见,水平叶幕可降低果实微域环境的温湿度,增加套袋果实品质及花色苷单体修饰程度,但降低花色苷单体含量,并影响花色苷代谢途径中相关酶基因的表达量及活性。

关键词: 葡萄, 叶幕类型, 套袋, 花色苷

Abstract:

In order to study the effect of bagging on anthocyanin metabolism in different micro- environment from different canopy types,we bagged the‘Moldova’grape of pergola and vertical trellis system to represent the horizontal and vertical canopy. Temperature and relative humidity around the clusters of the two canopy types were recorded from berry expansion stage. Grape berries were picked from veraison to maturity stage to determine the component and content of individual anthocyanin in fruit skin by HPLC–MS;additionally,the enzymes activity and their gene relative expression were measured,and the grape quality of different canopy types were compared. The results showed that horizontal canopy decreased the ratio of high temperature and humidity fluctuation around the cluster compared to the vertical canopy in 2015 and 2016. The content of reducing sugar was increased by 18.33% and 15.41% and the acid was decreased compared to the vertical canopy for two consecutive years. In 2015,the content of tannin and anthocyanin of bagged fruit under horizontal canopy was increased by 22.32% and 35.29% compared to the vertical canopy,and the red chrom of fruit skin increased apparently;in contrast,the content of total phenols,flavanols and flavonoids decreased by 10.72%,10.97% and 45.04%,respectively,in 2016. At 77 days after blossom,the bagged fruit under pergola showed a higher content of individual anthocyanin;however,the bagged fruit of vertical trellis systems showed compensatory increase at 91 days after blossom. Analysis of individual anthocyanin indicated that they both have 21 individual anthocyanin and the diglucosidation,methylation and total modification of bagged fruit under pergola were higher than under vertical trellis system. From 63 to 105 days,the relative expression of the genes VvUFGT,VvLDOX,Vv5GT,VvPPO in anthocyanin metabolic pathway showed the same trend except VvOMT,but their enzyme activities showed difference. Thus it can be seen,the horizontal canopy can decrease the temperature and humidity of the micro-environment around grape,increase the quality of fruit and the degree of modification of individual anthocyanin,but the content of individual anthocyanin was decreased,at the same time,the relative expression and the activity of enzyme were changed.

Key words: grape, canopy type, bagging, anthocyanin

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