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园艺学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (12): 2411-2418.

• 蔬菜 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同补光时间和方式对设施大蒜鳞茎膨大和品质的影响

靳志勇,王硕硕,刘娜,巩彪,刘世琦,史庆华   

  1. 山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院,作物生物学国家重点实验室,山东泰安 271018
  • 出版日期:2014-12-25 发布日期:2014-12-25
  • 基金资助:

    公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303108)

Effect of Different Light Supplement Time and Method on Bulbing Enlargement and Nutritional Quality of Greenhouse-grown Garlic

JIN Zhi-Yong, WANG Shuo-Shuo, LIU Na, GONG Biao, LIU Shi-Qi, SHI Qing-Hua   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology,College of Horticulture Science and Engineering,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai’an,Shandong 271018,China
  • Online:2014-12-25 Published:2014-12-25

摘要: 以‘二水早’大蒜为试材,探讨了不同的补光方法对冬季温室栽培大蒜鳞茎膨大及其品质的影响。结果表明:在连续光照达到14 h(9:00—16:00自然光照7 h + 5:30—9:00和16:00—19:30补光7 h)条件下大蒜鳞茎才能显著膨大,非连续光照8 ~ 14 h,即在7 h自然光照条件下,21:00—4:00打破黑暗补光1 ~ 7 h处理均能促进鳞茎膨大,并且鳞茎质量均高于14 h连续光照处理;不同打破黑暗处理之间鳞茎质量无显著差异。随着打破黑暗补光时间的延长,大蒜叶片色素含量,鳞茎中大蒜素、可溶性糖、维生素C、可溶性蛋白、游离氨基酸、总酚含量均呈现出先上升后下降趋势;打破黑暗补光5 h处理的大蒜叶片色素含量,鳞茎中维生素C、可溶性蛋白、游离氨基酸含量最高,分别比连续14 h光照处理提高了30.0%、7.7%、36.2%和25.3%;另外,总酚含量和自由基清除率也是以打破黑暗补光5 h处理最高。因此,从温室大蒜产量考虑,打破黑暗补光1 h处理就能达到较高的鳞茎产量,如果综合考虑产量和品质,则以打破黑暗补光5 h处理最优。

关键词: 大蒜, 光周期, 打破黑暗, 鳞茎, 品质

Abstract: ‘Ershuizao’garlic was used as experimental material to investigate the effects of different photoperiod treatment on the enlargement and nutritional quality of garlic bulb. The results indicated that the 14 h(7 h natural light + 7 h artificial light)uninterrupted illumination was necessary for garlic bulbing enlargement. However,under 7 h natural light,all supplements of light from 1 h to 7 h to break darkness at night could increase the bulbing enlargement more quickly than continuous 14 h illumination treatment. The difference of bulb weights among treatments of darkness break(1 - 7 h)was not significant. With the extension of light supplying at night(1 - 7 h),contents of leaf pigment,allicin,soluble sugars,vitamin C,soluble proteins and free amino acids of bulb were increased first and then decreased,and the treatment of 5 h darkness break showed the highest levels of pigment,vitamin C,soluble proteins and freeamino acids content in the bulb,which is about 30.0%,7.7%,36.2% and 25.3% higher than 14 h uninterrupted illumination,respectively. Furthermore,both the content of total phenol and the free radical scavenging rate also showed the highest level in the treatment of 5 h darkness break. If the main purpose of protected garlic production was to get the yield,1 h darkness break treatment was enough,if both yield and quality were considered,5 h darkness break was the proper treatment.

Key words: garlic, photoperiod, break the darkness, bulb, nutrient quality

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