关键词: 苹果, 化肥, 有机肥, 产量, 品质

Abstract: To evaluate the effect of organic manure application combined with chemical fertilizers on
apple yield and quality under long-term located experiment，a five year field experiment was conducted in
dry-land orchards located at Weibei，Shaanxi Province. The study included four treatments：Inorganic P
and K（PK），swine manure only（M），inorganic N，P and K（NPK），and 1/2NPK and 1/2M（NPKM）.
Each treatment was replicated three times. The foliar nutrition，apple quality，apple yield and soil organic
matter content at each treatment were compared. The results showed significant differences between the
rational fertilized and irrational fertilized（PK）treatment. Apple yield was increased by 34.6% to 42.3%
under the different fertilization. The apple yield decreased in the order NPKM ＞ NPK ≥ M ＞ PK. Inthe NPKM treatment，the percentage of apple with diameters ＞ 80 mm increased to 71.34% in 2009. The
sugar to acid（S︰A）ratio was the highest in the NPKM treatment. The vitamin C content was greater in the
fertilized treatments than in the PK treatment. The soluble solid，hardness were the highest in the NPKM
treatment. And soil organic matter increased by 69.6% and 58.5% respectively in the M and NPKM
treatment after five-year field experiment，which were significantly higher than those in the PK treatment.
Organic manure application with chemical fertilizers increased the apple yield and apple quality，reduced
the risk of environmental pollution，and improved soil fertility greatly. It could be a good practical
technique that protects the environment and maintains or raises the apple yield and apple quality in this
region.

Key words: apple, chemical fertilizer, organic manure, apple yield, apple quality