https://www.ahs.ac.cn/images/0513-353X/images/top-banner1.jpg|#|苹果
https://www.ahs.ac.cn/images/0513-353X/images/top-banner2.jpg|#|甘蓝
https://www.ahs.ac.cn/images/0513-353X/images/top-banner3.jpg|#|菊花
https://www.ahs.ac.cn/images/0513-353X/images/top-banner4.jpg|#|灵芝
https://www.ahs.ac.cn/images/0513-353X/images/top-banner5.jpg|#|桃
https://www.ahs.ac.cn/images/0513-353X/images/top-banner6.jpg|#|黄瓜
https://www.ahs.ac.cn/images/0513-353X/images/top-banner7.jpg|#|蝴蝶兰
https://www.ahs.ac.cn/images/0513-353X/images/top-banner8.jpg|#|樱桃
https://www.ahs.ac.cn/images/0513-353X/images/top-banner9.jpg|#|观赏荷花
https://www.ahs.ac.cn/images/0513-353X/images/top-banner10.jpg|#|菊花
https://www.ahs.ac.cn/images/0513-353X/images/top-banner11.jpg|#|月季
https://www.ahs.ac.cn/images/0513-353X/images/top-banner12.jpg|#|菊花

园艺学报 ›› 2009, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (1): 21-26.

• 果树 • 上一篇    下一篇

核桃花器官变异研究

李敏1;刘媛1;赵勇刚1;孙明高1;张宪省2;杨克强1,2*;王钧毅3;郭起荣4
  

  1. 1山东农业大学农业生态与环境重点实验室,中国泰安271018;2作物生物学国家重点实验室,中国泰安271018;3山东泰安绿园经济林研究所,中国泰安271018;4国际竹藤网络中心科技教育处,北京 100102)
  • 收稿日期:2008-10-13 修回日期:2008-12-24 出版日期:2009-01-25 发布日期:2009-01-25
  • 通讯作者: 杨克强

Study on floral variation in walnut(Juglans regia L.)

LI Min1,LIU Yuan1,ZHAO Yong-gang1,SUN Ming-gao1,ZHANG Xian-sheng2, YANG Ke-qiang1,2*, WANG Jun-yi3,GUO Qi-rong4   

  1. (1Key Laboratory of Agricultural Ecology and Environment of Shandong Agricultrual University,Tai'an,Shandong 271018,China;2State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology,Tai'an ,Shandong 271018,China; 3Lu'yuan Forestry Institute of Shandong Tai'an, ,Shandong 271000,P.R China;4International Center for Bamboo and Rattan,Beijing 100102,China)
  • Received:2008-10-13 Revised:2008-12-24 Online:2009-01-25 Published:2009-01-25
  • Contact: YANG Ke-qiang

摘要: 观察胡桃花器官变异类型及其特点,制作石蜡切片对两性花变异类型的花芽分化进程进行了研究。用6个早实胡桃材料和2个晚实胡桃材料作亲本,选配10个杂交组合,得到2942个实生杂种苗。在具有早实胡桃为亲本的杂交组合和早实胡桃自然授粉的2648株实生单株中,到播种后第3a累计结实实率为20.34%,晚实胡桃294株实生后代无早结果现象。在538株早实杂种苗中,共有12个单株在2a生时发生了花器变异,变异类型包括两性花类型、穗状花类型、穗状花具分枝类型、穗状花雌雄同序类型、柱头变异类型和雌花序莲座状类型。连续5年观察表明,仅有来自于新1号×香玲杂交组合的C3单株二次花的雌雄同花变异在不同年份稳定表现。在一些早实品种(如香玲)的徒长枝上也具有两性花变异。胡桃两性花变异的形态发育进程属于向心式:花序原基-花原基-花被原基-雄蕊原基-雌蕊原基-子房原基。胡桃的花器官变异是早实胡桃二次开花过程发生的。早实胡桃花器官变异类型的存在为胡桃的早实特性和花器官发育研究提供了珍贵的材料。

关键词: 胡桃(Juglans regia L), 早实特性, 花器官变异, 两性花

Abstract: The type and character of floral organ variation in Juglans regia L. were observed, and the anatomy of hermaphroditic development was also analyzed through paraffin section. The 2942 seedlings from cross combination were raised using 6 precocious forms, and 2 later mature forms.Among 2648 seedlings from artificial cross by precocious forms and open pollination of precocious forms, 20.34% of the seedlings were produced flowers in the third years .The 294 seedlings from later mature forms produced no flowers in the third years. 12 seedlings of the 538 precocious cross seedlings were observed on floral organ variations. The variation type includes Hermaphrodite flower, spike inflorescences, branch spike inflorescences, male and female flowers in one spike inflorescence, rosette male inflorescences. The study on floral organ variation was kept from 2003 to 2008. Stable inheritance of floral organ variation only appeared in C3 cross seedling from Xin 1 × Xiangling. The floral organ variation was found in adventitious shoots of Xiangling cultivar. The anatomy of Hermaphrodite flower development procedure was: inflorescence primordium - flower primordium - bract primordium - stamen primordium - stigma primordium - ovary primordium. The floral organ variation only took place in secondor shoots and secondor flowers. The walnut with floral organ variation is a valuable material to study the earlier fruiting character and the floral organ development of walnut.

Key words: Walnut, Juglans regia L., Precocious trait, Floral variation, Hermaphrodite flower

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