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园艺学报 ›› 2012, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (3): 545-551.

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

香蕉枯萎病菌4号生理小种粗毒素特性的研究

杨  媚,黄永辉*,舒灿伟,李瑜婷,周而勋**   

  1. 华南农业大学资源环境学院,广州 510642
  • 收稿日期:2011-11-28 修回日期:2012-02-21 出版日期:2012-03-25 发布日期:2012-03-25
  • 通讯作者: 周而勋 E-mail:exzhou@scau.edu.cn

Studies on the Characteristics of Crude Toxin Produced by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Race 4

YANG Mei,HUANG Yong-hui*,SHU Can-wei,LI Yu-ting,and ZHOU Er-xun**   

  1. College of Natural Resources and Environment,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China
  • Received:2011-11-28 Revised:2012-02-21 Online:2012-03-25 Published:2012-03-25
  • Contact: ZHOU Er-xun E-mail:exzhou@scau.edu.cn

摘要: 对香蕉枯萎病病菌粗毒素进行高温高压(121 ℃,0.103 MPa)、不同pH值、紫外线照射以及甲醇沉淀处理后,测定其致病活性的变化,以明确其基本理化性质。结果表明:该毒素具有很强的热稳定性,经高温高压处理20 min后仍然保持强的致病活性;偏酸(pH 3 ~ 6)或偏碱(pH 8 ~ 10)条件均会降低毒素的致病活性;紫外线照射对该毒素的毒性具有削弱作用;经甲醇沉淀处理后,上清液具有致病活性,而沉淀不具有致病活性:说明该毒素属于极性较高的一类小分子非蛋白物质。香蕉枯萎病菌粗毒素对不同种类作物种子的萌发和胚芽生长都有不同程度的抑制作用,是一种非寄主专化性毒素。

关键词: 香蕉枯萎病菌, 毒素, 理化性质, 致病活性, 寄主专化性

Abstract: Banana fusarium wilt was caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 4(Foc 4). The changes of pathogenic activity of Foc 4 crude toxin after the treatments of autoclave,different pH values,ultraviolet irradiation and methanol precipitation were determined so as to understand the basic physicochemical properties of the toxin. The results showed that the toxin had a strong thermal stability,and still had a strong pathogenic activity after autoclave for 20 min;The pathogenic activity of the toxin would be reduced under both acidic(pH 3–6)and alkaline(pH 8–10)conditions;The supernatant rather than precipitation had the pathogenic activity after methanol precipitation treatment;The ultraviolet radiation could reduce the toxicity of the toxin. The above mentioned findings suggested that the toxin belongs to a small molecule,non-protein compound with higher polarity. Furthermore,effects of the toxin on seed germination and plantule growth of different plant species were determined so as to understand the host specificity of the toxin,and the results indicated that the toxin had different inhibitions on the seed germination and plantule growth of different plant species,indicating that the toxin was a non-host specific toxin.

Key words: Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense, toxin, physicochemical property, pathogenic activity, host specificity