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园艺学报 ›› 2011, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (11): 2049-2058.

• 果树 • 上一篇    下一篇

环渤海湾地区主要梨园树体矿质营养元素状况研究

宋晓晖,谢 凯,赵化兵,李艳丽,徐阳春,董彩霞*   

  1. 南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院,南京 210095
  • 收稿日期:2011-08-01 修回日期:2011-10-24 出版日期:2011-11-25 发布日期:2011-11-25
  • 通讯作者: 董彩霞

Investigation of the Mineral Nutrients Status of Pear Leaves in Main Orchards Around the Bohai Bay Region

SONG Xiao-hui,XIE Kai,ZHAO Hua-bing,LI Yan-li,XU Yang-chun,and DONG Cai-xia*   

  1. College of Resources and Environment Sciences,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China
  • Received:2011-08-01 Revised:2011-10-24 Online:2011-11-25 Published:2011-11-25
  • Contact: DONG Cai-xia*

摘要: 以叶片矿质营养元素含量作为树体营养诊断的依据,对环渤海湾地区有代表性的203个梨园树体矿质营养状况及相应土壤养分状况进行了研究,结果表明:(1)该地区81% ~ 97%的梨园叶片P、Ca、Mg、Fe含量处于适宜状态,26% ~ 40%的梨园叶片N、K、Zn含量偏低。(2)除Mg、Zn外,不同梨树品种间叶片中矿质营养含量差异明显。与其它品种相比,苹果梨N、P含量较高,而K含量偏低;莱阳茌梨N含量较低,而P、K含量较高;砀山酥梨N、P、K含量均偏低。(3)初步筛选出N/P、Mg/P、Zn/P、K/Mg、Ca/Mg、Zn/Mg作为该地区梨园营养诊断与施肥建议综合法的营养诊断参数,低产梨园各元素需肥顺序大致为Mg > P > Ca > K > Zn > N > Fe。(4)土壤pH与梨树叶片中Ca、Mg含量呈极显著正相关,与Zn呈极显著负相关;土壤有机质含量与梨树叶片中N、Mg含量呈极显著正相关;叶片N、K、Ca、Mg、Zn含量与其所对应的土壤有效态养分均呈极显著或显著正相关。

关键词: 梨, 果园, 叶片, 矿质营养元素, DRIS, 环渤海湾地区

Abstract: he pear tree nutrition diagnosis is based on mineral nutrition element contents in its leaves. This study investigated the nutrient status of pear leaves and soils in main orchards around the Bohai Bay region. The results showed that:(1)In 81%–97% orchards,the P,Ca,Mg and Fe contents in leaves were at optimal level,while in 26%–40% orchards,N and Zn contents were at the lower level.(2)Except for Mg and Zn,the other mineral nutrients content in leaves varied significantly in different cultivars. Pingguoli pear had higher N and P contents,but lower K content,Laiyang Chili pear had lower N,but higer P and K contents,and Dangshan Suli pear had lower contents of N,P and K.(3)N/P,Mg/P,Zn/P,K/Mg,Ca/Mg,Zn/Mg were screened for the DRIS parameters,and the sequence of the elements,necessary for improvement of the low-yield pear trees,was approxinately Mg > P > Ca > K > Zn > N > Fe. (4)The soil pH is positively correlated to leaf Ca,Mg content,but negatively correlated to leaf Zn content. There was a significant positive correlation between organic matter in soil and the leaf N,Mg content. Anyway,between the leaf content of N,K,Ca,Mg,Zn and soil available nutrients,there is a significant positive correlation.

Key words: pear, orchards, leaf, mineral nutrients, DRIS, Bohai Bay region

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