两种疏花剂对苹果授粉受精过程的影响

园艺学报 ›› 2003, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (4): 384-388.

两种疏花剂对苹果授粉受精过程的影响

孟玉平;曹秋芬;横田清

( 山西省农业生物技术研究中心，太原030031；日本岩手大学农学部附属农场，盛岗020—8550)

收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2003-08-25 发布日期:2003-08-25

Efect of Two Flower Thinners on Pollination and Fertilization of Apple

Meng Yuping ，Cao Qiufen ，and Yokota Kjyoshi

( Agricltural Biotechnology Center ofShanxi Province，Taiyuan 030031，Umversity ，Moriika 020-8550，japan)

Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2003-08-25 Published:2003-08-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用荧光显微镜对苹果授粉受精过程进行了跟踪观察，从微观解剖学上探讨了两种疏花剂
MCPB-ethyl[4-(4-chloro-2．methyl phenoxy)butanoate]和CFA (calcium-formic acid corr~ound)对苹果疏花的机理，证明二者对苹果授粉受精的影响完全不同。MCPB-ethyl不影响花粉萌发以及花粉管在花柱内生长，也不影响花粉管到达胚珠的速度和受精进程，它是通过抑制胚珠组织发育而导致落果。与之相反，CFA是通过杀伤柱头、落在柱头上的花粉及已经长人花柱上部的花粉管，使之不能受精而导致落果，对胚珠发育无明显影响。

关键词: 关键词：苹果, 疏花, 授粉受精, 胚珠发育

Abstract: In this study the whole process of pollination an d fertilization in aDole was observed with a fluores．cent microscope， and the thinning mechanism of MCPB—ethyl【4一(4一chl0m一2一methyl phenoxy)butanoate]and CFA (calcium．formic acid compound)as flower thinners Was studied anatomically．It iS proved that MCPB—ethyl and CFA ale entirely diferent in interfering pollination and fertilization of apple． MCPB—ethyl spray did not interfere in the rmination of pollen，the elongation of pollen tube in style and to ovule an d fertilization，but the development of ovule Was restrained to result in fruit drop． On the contrary，CFA did not afect the development of ovule．Fruit drop Was res~ted due to injury of stigma，pollen on stigma，and polen tube in up style，and fertil—ization Was prevented by CFA treatment．

Key words: Apple, Flower thinning, Polination an d fertilization, Developme nt of ovule

孟玉平;曹秋芬;横田清. 两种疏花剂对苹果授粉受精过程的影响[J]. 园艺学报, 2003, 30(4): 384-388.

Meng Yuping;Cao Qiufen;and Yokota Kjyoshi. Efect of Two Flower Thinners on Pollination and Fertilization of Apple[J]. ACTA HORTICULTURAE SINICA, 2003, 30(4): 384-388.

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