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园艺学报 ›› 2010, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (3): 397-404.

• 蔬菜 • 上一篇    下一篇

空气湿度对高温下番茄光合作用及坐果率的影响

薛义霞;李亚灵;温祥珍
  

  1. (1 山西农业大学园艺学院,山西太谷 030801;2 山西师范大学生命科学学院,山西临汾 041000)
  • 收稿日期:2009-12-07 修回日期:2010-03-01 出版日期:2010-03-25 发布日期:2010-03-25

Effects of Air Humidity on the Photosynthesis and Fruit-set of Tomato Under High Temperature

XUE Yi-xia;LI Ya-ling;WEN Xiang-zhen
  

  1. (1College of Horticulture,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu,Shanxi 030801,China; 2College of Life Science,Shanxi Normal University,Linfen,Shanxi 041000,China)
  • Received:2009-12-07 Revised:2010-03-01 Online:2010-03-25 Published:2010-03-25

摘要: 利用人工气候室,研究了空气湿度对高温下番茄幼苗光合作用及坐果率的影响。设置3 个空气相对湿度处理,即70% ± 5%(高湿处理)、55% ± 5%(中湿处理)和不加湿的40% ~ 50%的对照(低湿处理)。结果表明:在10:00 至16:00 平均温度为33 ~ 43 ℃的高温条件下,高湿处理显著促进了番茄叶片的蒸腾速率和净光合速率,并且减轻或消除了光合“午休”,测定日内9:00 至17:00 的蒸腾累积值和净光合累积值分别比对照提高了116% ~ 133%和31% ~ 343%,坐果率显著高于低湿处理,达到48%;中湿处理的净光合速率和坐果率与对照没有显著差异。表明在30 ℃以上的高温条件下,70%的相对湿度有利于光合作用的增强和坐果率的提高。

关键词: 番茄, 高温, 空气湿度, 光合特性, 坐果率

Abstract: The effects of air relative humidity(RH)on the photosynthesis and fruit-set of tomato seedling under high temperature were investigated in growth chambers. Three air relative humidity treatments from 10:00 to 16:00 were 70% ± 5%(high RH),55% ± 5%(middle RH)and non-humidification
(low RH,as control). The results showed under the high temperature(the average temperature from 10:00 to 16:00 was 33–43 ℃),high RH treatment significantly promoted transpiration rate and net photosynthetic rate,also decreased or eliminated the photosynthetic midday depression compared with low RH treatment.Hence,the cumulative value of transpiration and photosynthesis from 9:00 to 17:00 of high RH treatment were 116%–133% and 31%–343% higher than that of low RH treatment,respectively. The
fruit-set rate of high RH treatment was up to 48% and significantly higher than low RH treatment. However, photosynthesis and fruit-set rate of middle RH treatment were not significantly different compared with that of low RH treatment. As a conclusion,relative humidity of 70%(high RH)improved
photosynthesis and fruit-set of tomato under high temperature above 30 ℃.

Key words: tomato, high temperature, air relative humidity, photosynthesis characteristics, fruit-set

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