https://www.ahs.ac.cn/images/0513-353X/images/top-banner1.jpg|#|苹果
https://www.ahs.ac.cn/images/0513-353X/images/top-banner2.jpg|#|甘蓝
https://www.ahs.ac.cn/images/0513-353X/images/top-banner3.jpg|#|菊花
https://www.ahs.ac.cn/images/0513-353X/images/top-banner4.jpg|#|灵芝
https://www.ahs.ac.cn/images/0513-353X/images/top-banner5.jpg|#|桃
https://www.ahs.ac.cn/images/0513-353X/images/top-banner6.jpg|#|黄瓜
https://www.ahs.ac.cn/images/0513-353X/images/top-banner7.jpg|#|蝴蝶兰
https://www.ahs.ac.cn/images/0513-353X/images/top-banner8.jpg|#|樱桃
https://www.ahs.ac.cn/images/0513-353X/images/top-banner9.jpg|#|观赏荷花
https://www.ahs.ac.cn/images/0513-353X/images/top-banner10.jpg|#|菊花
https://www.ahs.ac.cn/images/0513-353X/images/top-banner11.jpg|#|月季
https://www.ahs.ac.cn/images/0513-353X/images/top-banner12.jpg|#|菊花

园艺学报 ›› 2007, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (1): 11-16.

• 果树 • 上一篇    下一篇

龙眼花蜜腺的形态结构和发育

宁熙平1; 吴 鸿1*; 罗 诗2 ; 赖永超2
  

  1. (1 华南农业大学药用植物研究中心, 广州510642; 2 东莞市农业科学研究中心, 广东东莞523079)
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2007-02-25 发布日期:2007-02-25

Structural and Developmental Characteristics of Floral Nectaries ofDimocarpus longan

NING Xi-ping1; WU Hong1*; LUO Shi2; LAI Yong-chao2   

  1. ( 1 Center for Medicinal Plant Research, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; 2Dongguan AgriculturalScience Research Center, Dongguan, Guangdong 523079, China )
  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2007-02-25 Published:2007-02-25

摘要: 通过电镜扫描、石蜡切片、半薄切片显微观察和超薄切片电镜观察等方法, 研究了龙眼花蜜
腺的形态、结构和发育过程。龙眼花蜜腺位于雌、雄蕊与花瓣、花萼之间的花托上, 呈边缘凹陷的扁平盘
状。成熟蜜腺由分泌表皮、泌蜜组织和只具韧皮部的维管组织构成, 为典型的结构蜜腺。蜜腺表面密被单
细胞的表皮毛, 具多个气孔。表皮细胞外具角质层, 多数细胞内含颗粒状酚类物质。泌蜜组织由大小两类
细胞组成, 小细胞中细胞质浓, 大细胞中含酚类物质。维管组织较为发达。雌、雄花蜜腺是在花的各部分
分化后, 开始从花托表面分化。在蜜腺发育过程中, 液泡呈现有规律的变化, 预示着液泡可能参与了蜜汁
的合成与分泌过程。泌蜜组织中的大型特化细胞所含的酚类物质在泌蜜过程中存在着分解现象, 因而其除
形成蜜腺自身的保护机制外, 也可能作为蜜汁的前体物质。

关键词: 龙眼, 花蜜腺, 结构, 发育

Abstract: The structure and development of floral nectaries of Dimocarpus longan were studied with
scanning electron microscopy ( SEM ) , paraffin section, thin resin sections and transmission electron
microscopy (TEM). The floral nectaries ofmale and female flowers of Dim ocarpus longan were located on the
surface of floral recep tacle, which formed a convex disc-like nectary. The nectarywas located at the outer part
of the pistil and stamen and at the inner part of corolla and calyx. The male and female flower nectaries,
composed of epidermis, nectariferous tissue and vascular tissue containing only phloem elements, belong to
typical structural nectaries. The epidermis of floral nectaries was covered with numerous epidermal hairs
consisting of single cellwith thickened wall and cuticle. In addition, some small stomata were observed at the
top surface of nectaries. There were a lot of granulose phenolic compounds within most ep idermis cells. Two
types of cells could be distinguished in nectariferous tissue, one was smaller and had densely stained cyto
p lasm, anotherwas larger and contained phenolic compounds. The former consisted ofmore cells than the lat
er. The nectaries had well-developed vascular tissues, which derived from the branches of the vascular bundle
of floral recep tacle, then they terminated nearby ep idermis. Normally the nectariesps p rimordia ofmale and fe
male flower ofD. longan were found to initiate in surface of recep tacle after other floral organswere differenti
ated. During the development of floral nectaries, especially before and after the nectar secretion, the vacuole
volume ofmost of nectariferous tissue cells changed regularly, which imply that they may be involved in the
p rocess of nectar synthesis and secretion. Some phenolic compounds in specialized cells of nectariferous tissue were disintegrating during nectar secretion, so besides its p rotective function in floral nectaries, the phenolic
compounds were likely to take part in synthesis of nectar.

Key words: Dimocarpus longan Lour., Floral nectary, Structure, Development