切花小菊品种花枝性状综合评价

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2020-0599

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

选取188个切花小菊（Chrysanthemum morifolium）商业品种,对其主茎长整齐度、主茎强度、主茎充实度、花枝角度、花枝曲直、花朵垂直分布、花朵水平聚拢程度和花枝韧性等8个与枝性相关的质量性状进行观测、分级,采用灰色关联度分析进行综合评价。结果表明,利用灰色关联度分析计算出的8个性状权重值中,花朵水平聚拢程度、主茎强度的权重值最大,分别为0.1524和0.1430,其次是花枝韧性和花枝曲直,权重为0.1312和0.1261,说明这4个指标对菊花品种综合评价影响较大;筛选出‘ZQ2-83'、‘Q6-12'、‘Q3-8'、‘Q1-31'和‘Q4-13'5个花枝性状优良品种,加权关联度均为0.8000以上。通过系统聚类分析将188个品种分成花枝性状优、良、中、差4个级别,分别占评价整体的9.04%、26.06%、50.00%、14.89%。

关键词: 切花菊, 花枝性状评价, 质量性状, 灰色关联度分析, 聚类分析

Abstract:

Total number of eight qualitative traits related to flower branch characteristics including stem height uniformity,stem strength,stem filling degree,flower branch angle,flower horizontal curvature,flower vertical distribution,flower horizontal convergence,flower branch hardness of 188 commercial varieties of cut chrysanthemums were observed and classified in this experiment. The traits were evaluated based on grey relational analysis. The results indicated that the weighted values of eight factors which were determined by grey relational analysis showed flower horizontal convergence,stem strength,flower branch hardness,flower branch curvature had the most important pact on the evaluation,and the values were 0.1524,0.1430,0.1312,0.1261,respectively. Five excellent varieties of ZQ2-83,Q6-12,Q3-8,Q1-31 and Q4-13 were screened via grey ralational analysis,their weighted correlations were all greater than 0.8000. Then the 188 varieties were divided into four grades by cluster analysis,there were excellent,good,medium,and poor varieties which accounted for 9.04%,26.06%,50.00% and 14.89%,respectively.

Key words: cut chrysanthemum, branch characteristics evaluation, qualitative traits, grey relational analysis, cluster analysis

中图分类号:

S682.11

聂洧洁, 王晨赫, 马婉茹, 苏江硕, 张飞, 房伟民, 陈素梅, 陈发棣, 管志勇. 切花小菊品种花枝性状综合评价[J]. 园艺学报, 2021, 48(6): 1150-1162.

NIE Weijie, WANG Chenhe, MA Wanru, SU Jiangshuo, ZHANG Fei, FANG Weimin, CHEN Sumei, CHEN Fadi, GUAN Zhiyong. Comprehensive Evaluation of Flower Branch Characteristics of Cut Chrysanthemums[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2021, 48(6): 1150-1162.

图/表 13

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性状 Trait	分级 Score
性状 Trait	1	2	3
花枝角度 Flower branch angle	50° ~ 70°	30° ~ 50°	< 30°
主茎长整齐度 Stem height uniformity	不齐Irregular	略有差异Slightly different	整齐 Regular
主茎强度 Stem strength	下垂Bent	略下垂Slightly bent	直立 Vertical
主茎充实度 Stem filling degree	中空Hollow	略充实Slightly stuff	充实Stuff
花朵水平聚拢程度Flower horizontal convergence	分散Dispersal	有缝隙Gapped	聚拢 Compact
花枝曲直 Flower branch curvature	花枝存在拱曲呈明显弧形 Flower branches are arched and have obvious arcs	花枝存在拱曲略显弧形 The flower branches are arched and slightly curved	花枝均为平直 Flower branches are flat
花朵垂直分布 Flower vertical distribution	植株上部3/8 3/8 of upper plant	植株上部2/8 2/8 of upper plant	植株上部1/8 1/8 of upper plant
花枝韧性 Flower branch hardness	易折Fragile	中等Medium	坚韧Hard

性状 Trait	分级 Score
性状 Trait	1	2	3
花枝角度 Flower branch angle	50° ~ 70°	30° ~ 50°	< 30°
主茎长整齐度 Stem height uniformity	不齐Irregular	略有差异Slightly different	整齐 Regular
主茎强度 Stem strength	下垂Bent	略下垂Slightly bent	直立 Vertical
主茎充实度 Stem filling degree	中空Hollow	略充实Slightly stuff	充实Stuff
花朵水平聚拢程度Flower horizontal convergence	分散Dispersal	有缝隙Gapped	聚拢 Compact
花枝曲直 Flower branch curvature	花枝存在拱曲呈明显弧形 Flower branches are arched and have obvious arcs	花枝存在拱曲略显弧形 The flower branches are arched and slightly curved	花枝均为平直 Flower branches are flat
花朵垂直分布 Flower vertical distribution	植株上部3/8 3/8 of upper plant	植株上部2/8 2/8 of upper plant	植株上部1/8 1/8 of upper plant
花枝韧性 Flower branch hardness	易折Fragile	中等Medium	坚韧Hard

品种编号 Variety number	花枝角度 Flower branch angle	主茎长整齐度 Stem height uniformity	主茎强度 Stem strength	主茎充实度 Stem filling degree	花朵水平聚拢程度 Flower horizontal convergence	花枝曲直 Flower branch curvature	花朵垂直分布 Flower vertical distribution	花枝韧性 Flower branch hardness
ZQ2-83	1.0000	0.3333	0.6667	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000
Q6-12	0.6667	0.6667	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	0.6667	1.0000
Q3-8	1.0000	0.6667	1.0000	0.6667	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	0.6667
Q1-31	0.6667	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	0.6667	1.0000	0.6667	1.0000
Q4-13	0.6667	1.0000	1.0000	0.6667	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	0.3333
Q6-10	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	0.6667	1.0000	0.6667	0.6667
Q3-1	1.0000	0.6667	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	0.6667	0.3333
ZQ3-3	0.6667	1.0000	0.6667	1.0000	1.0000	0.3333	1.0000	1.0000
Q1-9	0.6667	0.6667	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	0.6667	0.6667
Q1-33	0.6667	0.6667	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	0.6667	0.6667
Q4-24	0.6667	0.6667	1.0000	0.6667	1.0000	1.0000	0.6667	0.6667
Q3-17	0.6667	0.3333	1.0000	0.6667	1.0000	0.6667	1.0000	0.6667
Q1-60	0.6667	0.6667	1.0000	0.6667	1.0000	0.3333	1.0000	0.6667
Q4-10	0.6667	0.6667	1.0000	0.6667	1.0000	0.6667	1.0000	0.3333
ZQ4-16	0.6667	0.6667	1.0000	0.6667	1.0000	0.6667	1.0000	0.3333
Q1-82	0.6667	0.6667	0.3333	0.6667	1.0000	1.0000	0.6667	1.0000
Q2-32	0.3333	0.6667	0.6667	1.0000	1.0000	0.6667	1.0000	0.6667
Q1-116	0.6667	0.6667	0.3333	0.6667	1.0000	0.6667	1.0000	1.0000
QX-064	0.3333	0.6667	1.0000	0.6667	1.0000	0.3333	0.6667	1.0000
Q4-33	0.3333	0.6667	1.0000	0.3333	1.0000	1.0000	0.6667	0.6667
Q1-24	0.3333	1.0000	0.6667	0.6667	0.6667	0.3333	0.6667	1.0000
Q1-51	0.3333	0.6667	0.6667	0.6667	0.6667	0.3333	0.6667	1.0000
Q1-79	0.6667	0.3333	0.6667	0.3333	0.6667	1.0000	0.6667	0.6667
ZQ6-25	0.6667	0.6667	0.3333	0.6667	0.6667	1.0000	0.3333	0.6667
Q1-118	0.6667	0.3333	0.6667	1.0000	0.6667	0.6667	0.6667	0.3333
ZQ4-15	0.3333	0.6667	0.6667	0.3333	1.0000	0.3333	0.6667	0.6667
Q4-40	0.6667	0.3333	0.6667	0.6667	1.0000	0.6667	0.3333	0.3333
Q1-110	0.6667	0.6667	0.6667	0.6667	0.3333	1.0000	0.6667	0.3333
Q1-83	0.3333	0.6667	0.3333	0.6667	1.0000	0.3333	0.6667	0.6667
Q4-17	0.3333	0.6667	1.0000	0.6667	0.6667	0.6667	0.3333	0.3333
Q4-1	0.3333	0.6667	0.6667	0.6667	0.6667	0.6667	0.3333	0.3333
Q4-57	0.3333	0.6667	0.6667	0.6667	0.6667	0.3333	0.6667	0.3333
ZQ6-7	0.3333	0.6667	0.6667	0.6667	0.3333	0.3333	0.6667	0.6667
Q3-20	0.3333	0.6667	0.6667	0.6667	0.3333	0.3333	0.6667	0.6667
Q1-69	0.3333	0.6667	0.6667	0.6667	0.6667	0.3333	0.3333	0.3333
ZQ5-10	0.3333	0.6667	0.6667	0.6667	0.3333	0.6667	0.3333	0.3333
Q1-92	0.3333	0.3333	0.6667	0.6667	0.3333	0.3333	0.3333	0.6667
ZQ5-7	0.3333	0.6667	0.3333	0.3333	0.6667	0.6667	0.3333	0.3333
ZQ5-21	0.3333	0.6667	0.6667	0.3333	0.3333	0.3333	0.3333	0.3333
ZQ4-86	0.3333	0.6667	0.3333	0.3333	0.3333	0.3333	0.3333	0.3333

品种编号 Variety number	花枝角度 Flower branch angle	主茎长整齐度 Stem height uniformity	主茎强度 Stem strength	主茎充实度 Stem filling degree	花朵水平聚拢程度 Flower horizontal convergence	花枝曲直 Flower branch curvature	花朵垂直分布 Flower vertical distribution	花枝韧性 Flower branch hardness
ZQ2-83	1.0000	0.3333	0.6667	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000
Q6-12	0.6667	0.6667	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	0.6667	1.0000
Q3-8	1.0000	0.6667	1.0000	0.6667	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	0.6667
Q1-31	0.6667	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	0.6667	1.0000	0.6667	1.0000
Q4-13	0.6667	1.0000	1.0000	0.6667	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	0.3333
Q6-10	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	0.6667	1.0000	0.6667	0.6667
Q3-1	1.0000	0.6667	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	0.6667	0.3333
ZQ3-3	0.6667	1.0000	0.6667	1.0000	1.0000	0.3333	1.0000	1.0000
Q1-9	0.6667	0.6667	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	0.6667	0.6667
Q1-33	0.6667	0.6667	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	0.6667	0.6667
Q4-24	0.6667	0.6667	1.0000	0.6667	1.0000	1.0000	0.6667	0.6667
Q3-17	0.6667	0.3333	1.0000	0.6667	1.0000	0.6667	1.0000	0.6667
Q1-60	0.6667	0.6667	1.0000	0.6667	1.0000	0.3333	1.0000	0.6667
Q4-10	0.6667	0.6667	1.0000	0.6667	1.0000	0.6667	1.0000	0.3333
ZQ4-16	0.6667	0.6667	1.0000	0.6667	1.0000	0.6667	1.0000	0.3333
Q1-82	0.6667	0.6667	0.3333	0.6667	1.0000	1.0000	0.6667	1.0000
Q2-32	0.3333	0.6667	0.6667	1.0000	1.0000	0.6667	1.0000	0.6667
Q1-116	0.6667	0.6667	0.3333	0.6667	1.0000	0.6667	1.0000	1.0000
QX-064	0.3333	0.6667	1.0000	0.6667	1.0000	0.3333	0.6667	1.0000
Q4-33	0.3333	0.6667	1.0000	0.3333	1.0000	1.0000	0.6667	0.6667
Q1-24	0.3333	1.0000	0.6667	0.6667	0.6667	0.3333	0.6667	1.0000
Q1-51	0.3333	0.6667	0.6667	0.6667	0.6667	0.3333	0.6667	1.0000
Q1-79	0.6667	0.3333	0.6667	0.3333	0.6667	1.0000	0.6667	0.6667
ZQ6-25	0.6667	0.6667	0.3333	0.6667	0.6667	1.0000	0.3333	0.6667
Q1-118	0.6667	0.3333	0.6667	1.0000	0.6667	0.6667	0.6667	0.3333
ZQ4-15	0.3333	0.6667	0.6667	0.3333	1.0000	0.3333	0.6667	0.6667
Q4-40	0.6667	0.3333	0.6667	0.6667	1.0000	0.6667	0.3333	0.3333
Q1-110	0.6667	0.6667	0.6667	0.6667	0.3333	1.0000	0.6667	0.3333
Q1-83	0.3333	0.6667	0.3333	0.6667	1.0000	0.3333	0.6667	0.6667
Q4-17	0.3333	0.6667	1.0000	0.6667	0.6667	0.6667	0.3333	0.3333
Q4-1	0.3333	0.6667	0.6667	0.6667	0.6667	0.6667	0.3333	0.3333
Q4-57	0.3333	0.6667	0.6667	0.6667	0.6667	0.3333	0.6667	0.3333
ZQ6-7	0.3333	0.6667	0.6667	0.6667	0.3333	0.3333	0.6667	0.6667
Q3-20	0.3333	0.6667	0.6667	0.6667	0.3333	0.3333	0.6667	0.6667
Q1-69	0.3333	0.6667	0.6667	0.6667	0.6667	0.3333	0.3333	0.3333
ZQ5-10	0.3333	0.6667	0.6667	0.6667	0.3333	0.6667	0.3333	0.3333
Q1-92	0.3333	0.3333	0.6667	0.6667	0.3333	0.3333	0.3333	0.6667
ZQ5-7	0.3333	0.6667	0.3333	0.3333	0.6667	0.6667	0.3333	0.3333
ZQ5-21	0.3333	0.6667	0.6667	0.3333	0.3333	0.3333	0.3333	0.3333
ZQ4-86	0.3333	0.6667	0.3333	0.3333	0.3333	0.3333	0.3333	0.3333

品种编号 Variety number	花枝角度 Flower branch angle	主茎长整齐度 Stem height uniformity	主茎强度 Stem strength	主茎充实度 Stem filling degree	花朵水平聚拢程度 Flower horizontal convergence	花枝曲直 Flower branch curvature	花朵垂直分布 Flower vertical distribution	花枝韧性 Flower branch hardness
ZQ2-83	1.0000	0.3344	0.5012	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000
Q6-12	0.5012	0.5012	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	0.5012	1.0000
Q3-8	1.0000	0.5012	1.0000	0.5012	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	0.5012
Q1-31	0.5012	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	0.5012	1.0000	0.5012	1.0000
Q4-13	0.5012	1.0000	1.0000	0.5012	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	0.3344
Q6-10	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	0.5012	1.0000	0.5012	0.5012
Q3-1	1.0000	0.5012	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	0.5012	0.3344
ZQ3-3	0.5012	1.0000	0.5012	1.0000	1.0000	0.3344	1.0000	1.0000
Q1-9	0.5012	0.5012	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	0.5012	0.5012
Q1-33	0.5012	0.5012	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	0.5012	0.5012
Q4-24	0.5012	0.5012	1.0000	0.3344	1.0000	1.0000	0.5012	0.5012
Q3-17	0.5012	0.3344	1.0000	0.5012	1.0000	0.5012	1.0000	0.5012
Q1-60	0.5012	0.5012	1.0000	0.5012	1.0000	0.3344	1.0000	0.5012
Q4-10	0.5012	0.5012	1.0000	0.5012	1.0000	0.5012	1.0000	0.3344
ZQ4-16	0.5012	0.5012	1.0000	0.5012	1.0000	0.5012	1.0000	0.3344
Q1-82	0.5012	0.5012	0.3344	0.5012	1.0000	1.0000	0.5012	1.0000
Q2-32	0.3344	0.5012	0.5012	1.0000	1.0000	0.5012	1.0000	0.5012
Q1-116	0.5012	0.5012	0.3344	0.5012	1.0000	0.5012	1.0000	1.0000
QX-064	0.3344	0.5012	1.0000	0.5012	1.0000	0.3344	0.5012	1.0000
Q4-33	0.3344	0.5012	1.0000	0.3344	1.0000	1.0000	0.5012	0.5012
Q1-24	0.3344	0.5012	0.5012	0.5012	0.5012	0.3344	0.5012	1.0000
Q1-51	0.3344	0.5012	0.5012	0.5012	0.5012	0.3344	0.5012	1.0000
Q1-79	0.5012	0.3344	0.5012	0.3344	0.5012	1.0000	0.5012	0.5012
ZQ6-25	0.5012	0.5012	0.3344	0.5012	0.5012	1.0000	0.3344	0.5012
Q1-118	0.5012	0.3344	0.5012	1.0000	0.5012	0.5012	0.5012	0.3344
ZQ4-15	0.3344	0.5012	0.5012	0.3344	1.0000	0.3344	0.5012	0.5012
Q4-40	0.5012	0.3344	0.5012	0.5012	1.0000	0.5012	0.3344	0.3344
Q1-110	0.5012	0.5012	0.5012	0.5012	0.3344	1.0000	0.5012	0.3344
Q1-83	0.3344	0.5012	0.3344	0.5012	1.0000	0.3344	0.5012	0.5012
Q4-17	0.3344	0.5012	1.0000	0.5012	0.5012	0.5012	0.3344	0.3344
Q4-1	0.3344	0.5012	0.5012	0.5012	0.5012	0.5012	0.3344	0.3344
Q4-57	0.3344	0.5012	0.5012	0.5012	0.5012	0.3344	0.5012	0.3344
ZQ6-7	0.3344	0.5012	0.5012	0.5012	0.3344	0.3344	0.5012	0.5012
Q3-20	0.3344	0.5012	0.5012	0.5012	0.3344	0.3344	0.5012	0.5012
Q1-69	0.3344	0.5012	0.5012	0.5012	0.5012	0.3344	0.3344	0.3344
ZQ5-10	0.3344	0.5012	0.5012	0.5012	0.3344	0.5012	0.3344	0.3344
Q1-92	0.3344	0.3344	0.5012	0.5012	0.3344	0.3344	0.3344	0.5012
ZQ5-7	0.3344	0.5012	0.3344	0.3344	0.5012	0.5012	0.3344	0.3344
ZQ5-21	0.3344	0.5012	0.5012	0.3344	0.3344	0.3344	0.3344	0.3344
ZQ4-86	0.3344	0.5012	0.3344	0.3344	0.3344	0.3344	0.3344	0.3344