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园艺学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (2): 287-300.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2019-0353

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

黄瓜富氢水浸种对低温下幼苗光合碳同化及氮代谢的影响

刘丰娇,张晓伟,李福德,翟 江,毕焕改,艾希珍   

  1. 山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院,作物生物学国家重点实验室,农业部黄淮地区园艺作物生物学与种质创制重点开放实验室,山东省果蔬优质高效生产协同创新中心,山东泰安 271018
  • 出版日期:2020-02-25 发布日期:2020-02-25
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(31572170);山东省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(SDAIT-05-10)

Effect of Exogenous Hydrogen on Photosynthetic Carbon Assimilation and Nitrogen Metabolism of Cucumber Seedlings Under Low Temperature

LIU Fengjiao,ZHANG Xiaowei,LI Fude,ZHAI Jiang,BI Huangai,and AI Xizhen   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology,Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation of Agriculture Ministry,Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Province with High Quality and Efficient Production of Fruit and Vegetable,College of Horticulture Science and Engineering,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai’an,Shandong 271018,China
  • Online:2020-02-25 Published:2020-02-25

摘要: 为探明外源氢气(H2)对低温下黄瓜幼苗光合碳同化及氮代谢的影响,以‘津优 35 号’黄瓜为试材,将种子分别用饱和富氢水(HRW,H2 供体)和去离子水(对照,Control)浸种 8 h,常温下育苗,幼苗长至 2 叶 1 心时移至光照培养箱中进行低温(昼/夜温度 8 ℃/5 ℃)处理。结果表明:低温抑制黄瓜幼苗的生长,造成叶片光合色素含量、光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、光下实际光化学效率(ΦPSⅡ)、PSⅡ。最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、光下最大天线转换效率(Fv′/Fm′)、核酮糖–1,5–二磷酸羧化酶(RuBPCase)活性和根系活力逐渐降低,而胞间 CO2 浓度(Ci)和初始荧光(F0)趋于升高。此外,低温胁迫诱导了黄瓜幼苗碳代谢关键酶蔗糖合成酶(SS)和蔗糖磷酸合成酶(SPS)活性,总糖、蔗糖含量有所升高,淀粉含量显著下降,同时发现,低温下叶片的硝酸还原酶(NR)、谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)、谷氨酸合成酶(GOGAT)和谷氨酸脱氢酶(GDH)活性及总氮、铵态氮含量先升高后降低,硝态氮含量略有升高。富氢水浸种的黄瓜幼苗各指标的变化趋势与对照一致,但低温胁迫过程中除 Ci 和 F0显著低于对照外,其余指标多显著高于对照,说明外源 H2 可以通过提高黄瓜幼苗光合关键酶活性,减轻光抑制,维持较高的碳、氮代谢水平,进而增强对低温胁迫的耐性。

关键词: 黄瓜, 低温胁迫, 富氢水, 光合碳同化, 氮代谢

Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of exogenous hydrogen(H2)on photosynthetic carbon assimilation and nitrogen metabolism of cucumber(Cucumis sativus L.)under low temperature. The‘Jinyou 35’cucumber seedlings subjected to low temperature stress(day/night temperature was 8 ℃/5 ℃)were presoaked with hydrogen-rich water(HRW,the donor of H2)or the deionized water(Control)for 8 h. The results illustrated that the chilling stress restrained the seedling growth,and decreased the pigment contents,net photosynthetic rate(Pn),stomatal conductance(Gs),transpiration rate(Tr),actual photochemical efficiency of PSⅡ(ΦPSΠ),maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII in darkness(Fv/Fm),antenna efficiency of PSⅡ(Fv′/Fm′),the activity of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylicase(RuBPCase)and root activity,while increased the intercellular CO2 concentration(Ci)and initial fluorescence(F0). Further studies revealed that chilling stress induced enhancement of sucrose synthetase(SS)and sucrose phosphate synthetase(SPS)activities and the total sugar,sucrose content,but reduced the starch content. Meanwhile,the total nitrogen content,ammonia nitrogen content and the activities of reduced nitrate reductase(NR),glutaminase(GS),glutamate synthase(GOGAT)and glutamate dehydrogenase(GDH)increased in the early days of chilling stress but subsequently decreased under low temperature stress. The nitrate nitrogen content increased gradually. These change tendencies of HRW treatment were almost the same as those of control. In addition to low Ci and F0,most of the remaining indicators in HRW treatment were significantly higher than control,which indicated that exogenous H2 could enhance the tolerance of cucumber seedlings to lower temperature stress by increasing the activities of key photosynthetic enzymes,reducing photoinhibition and maintaining a high level of carbon and nitrogen metabolism,thus promoting the cucumber seedlings growth finally.

Key words: cucumber, low temperature stress, hydrogen-rich water, photosynthetic carbon assimilation, nitrogen metabolism

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