https://www.ahs.ac.cn/images/0513-353X/images/top-banner1.jpg|#|苹果
https://www.ahs.ac.cn/images/0513-353X/images/top-banner2.jpg|#|甘蓝
https://www.ahs.ac.cn/images/0513-353X/images/top-banner3.jpg|#|菊花
https://www.ahs.ac.cn/images/0513-353X/images/top-banner4.jpg|#|灵芝
https://www.ahs.ac.cn/images/0513-353X/images/top-banner5.jpg|#|桃
https://www.ahs.ac.cn/images/0513-353X/images/top-banner6.jpg|#|黄瓜
https://www.ahs.ac.cn/images/0513-353X/images/top-banner7.jpg|#|蝴蝶兰
https://www.ahs.ac.cn/images/0513-353X/images/top-banner8.jpg|#|樱桃
https://www.ahs.ac.cn/images/0513-353X/images/top-banner9.jpg|#|观赏荷花
https://www.ahs.ac.cn/images/0513-353X/images/top-banner10.jpg|#|菊花
https://www.ahs.ac.cn/images/0513-353X/images/top-banner11.jpg|#|月季
https://www.ahs.ac.cn/images/0513-353X/images/top-banner12.jpg|#|菊花

园艺学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (9): 1701-1710.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2018-0702

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

果树多倍体砧木的研究现状与展望

党江波1,梁国鲁1,李 彩2,吴 頔1,郭启高1,*,梁森林1,王 鹏1   

  1. 1西南大学园艺园林学院,重庆 400715;2重庆市涪陵区果品办公室,重庆 408000
  • 出版日期:2019-09-25 发布日期:2019-09-25
  • 基金资助:
    重庆市中央财政林业科技推广示范项目(渝林科推2016-03);重庆市林业局科技兴林攻关项目(渝林科研2016-10);重庆市社会民生类重点研发项目(cstc2017shms-zdyfX0058,cstc2018jscx-mszdX0054)

Polyploid Rootstock of Fruit Tree:Research Status and Prospects

DANG Jiangbo1,LIANG Guolu1,LI Cai2,WU Di1,GUO Qigao1,*,LIANG Senlin1,and WANG Peng1   

  1. 1College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;2Fruit Office of Fuling District in Chongqing,Chongqing 408000,China
  • Online:2019-09-25 Published:2019-09-25

摘要: 果树多倍体砧木树形较矮,对干旱、盐害、缺铁等逆境的耐受能力较强。多倍体作砧木可诱导嫁接植株矮化,还能提高植株对干旱、缺铁、低温、盐害以及重金属等非生物胁迫的耐受能力,目前在柑橘、樱桃、苹果的生产中已得到应用。然而多倍体砧木育性低、遗传不稳定,繁育受到限制。虽然无性繁殖、无融合生殖以及有性生殖均有应用,但各有不足,有待改进。多倍体砧木部分特异性状的形成机理得到研究,这些特性主要与其解剖结构、胁迫响应相关基因的表达和代谢产物有关,其中脱落酸(ABA)可能参与调节树体矮化,在耐受干旱胁迫中起重要作用。总体上,多倍体砧木的研究和应用均处于起步阶段,后续应培育更多新类型,加快推广应用,并加强繁育研究和特异性状形成机理的研究。

关键词: 果树, 多倍体砧木, 矮化, 抗逆性

Abstract: Polyploid rootstocks have some specific and excellent traits such as dwarf,drought tolerance,salt tolerance and iron-deficiency tolerance. As being used as rootstock,polyploid could induce plants dwarf and enhance tolerance of trees to abiotic stress,such as drought,iron-deficiency,salt,heavy metal and chill. In citrus,cherry and apple,some polyploid rootstocks have been applied in production. Nonetheless,low fertility and genetic instability limit reproduction of polyploid rootstock. Although vegetative propagation,apomixes and sexual reproduction have been employed,polyploid rootstocks all have their own disadvantages,need improvements. Formation mechanisms of some specific traits of polyploid rootstocks have been researched,and these traits were concerned with their anatomical structure,expression of some stress resistance-related genes and metabolites. Abscisic acid(ABA)may take part in plant dwarfing regulation and plays an important role in drought tolerance of polyploid rootstock. In an overall view,application and researches of polyploid rootstock are both at the starting stage. In the subsequent processes,more new polyploid rootstocks should be bred,popularization and application should be speeded up,researches on reproduction methods and specific traits formation mechanisms should be reinforced.

Key words: fruit tree, polyploid rootstock, dwarfing, stress tolerance

中图分类号: