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园艺学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (7): 1307-1316.

• 果树 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于叶绿体DNA分析的辽宁省梨属种质遗传多样性研究

常耀军1,曹玉芬1,*,张金梅2,田路明1,董星光1,张 莹1,齐 丹1,
郑迎春1   

  1. 1 中国农业科学院果树研究所,农业部园艺作物种质资源利用重点实验室,辽宁兴城 125100;2 中国农业科学院作
    物科学研究所,国家作物种质库,北京 100081
  • 出版日期:2014-07-25 发布日期:2014-07-25
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目(31272128);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(2011006)

Studies on Genetic Diversity of Pear Germplasm Resources in Liaoning Province of China Based on Chloroplast DNA Analysis

CHANG Yao-jun1,CAO Yu-fen1,*,ZHANG Jin-mei2,TIAN Lu-ming1,DONG Xing-guang1,ZHANG
Ying1,QI Dan1,and ZHENG Ying-chun1   

  1. 1Research Institute of Pomology,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic
    Improvement of Horticultural Crops;Germplasm Resources Utilization,Xingcheng,Liaoning 125100,China;2National
    GenBank,Institute of Crop Science,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China
  • Online:2014-07-25 Published:2014-07-25

摘要: 从32 对叶绿体DNA 通用引物中筛选出8 对引物用于评价辽宁省梨属种质的遗传多样性,
其中4 对引物所扩增的叶绿体DNA 片段存在突变位点。合并后的叶绿体基因片段(3 688 bp)含有单一
突变位点9 个、简约信息性位点3 个以及插入/缺失(INDEL)2 个。在37 个样品中,trnL-trnF-487 区域、
trnL-trnF-413 区域、rbcL 区域和trnS-psbC 区域的单倍型分别为2 个、4 个、2 个和3 个,合并之后的叶
绿体基因片段的单倍型为4 个。非编码区trnL-trnF-413 多态性最高,具有最高的单倍型数、最高的单倍
型(基因)多样性、最高的核苷酸多样性、最高的单倍型多样性方差和最高的单倍型多样性标准差。辽
宁省37 份梨种质的单倍型(基因)多样性(Hd)、核苷酸多样性(Pi)分别为0.577、0.00055。Tajima’s D
检验中除了rbcL 区域的D 值在P < 0.05 水平上显著外,其余区域的D 值未达显著水平,表明自然选择对
rbcL 区域的突变位点产生了作用。秋子梨和白梨种质共有单倍型HAP_1、HAP_2 和HAP_3,显示出一定
的亲缘关系;西洋梨则单独共享HAP_5。运用中介邻接网络(Median-Joining network,MJ)算法绘制的
中介网络图显示HAP_1 与HAP_2、HAP_3 的亲缘关系较远,而HAP_5 则与上述3 个单倍型的亲缘关系
较远。

关键词: 梨, 叶绿体DNA, 单倍型, 遗传多样性

Abstract: Eight chloroplast DNA(cpDNA)primers were selected from 32 universal primer pairs to
assess the genetic diversity of 37 pear accessions in Liaoning Province. Among these primer amplification products,four cpDNA fragments possessed variation sites. Nine singleton variable sites,three parsimony
informative sites and two INDELS were obtained from the combined cpDNA fragments(3 688 bp). Two
trnL-trnF-487 haplotypes,four trnL-trnF-413 haplotypes,two rbcL haplotypes and three trnS-psbC
haplotypes were identified among the 37 pear accessions,respectively,and four haplotypes were identified
based on the combined fragments. Non-coding region trnL-trnF-413 exhibited highest polymorphism with
the most number of haplotypes,the most abundant haplotype(gene)diversity and nucleotide diversity,
the most variant of haplotype diversity and the highest standard deviation of haplotype diversity. Values of
haplotype(gene)diversity(Hd)and nucleotide diversity(Pi)of 37 pear accessions in Liaoning Province
are 0.577 and 0.00055,respectively. Tajima’s test showed all Tajima’s D values are not statistical
significant except for the rbcL fragment in P < 0.05,indicating that natural selection has an effect on
mutations of this fragment. Both P. ussuriensis and P. bretschneideri accessions contained haplotypes
HAP_1,HAP_2 and HAP_3,showing a close relationship between them;While HAP_5 is shared by P.
communis accessions independently. The network constructed with Median-Joining network calculation
exhibited that HAP_1 has a far relationship with HAP_2 and HAP_3,whereas HAP_5 has a far
relationship with those three haplotypes mentioned above.

Key words: Pyrus, chloroplast DNA, haplotype, genetic diversity

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