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园艺学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (5): 897-907.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2017-0600

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

低温胁迫下番茄嫁接苗根穗互作对叶片光合作用及氮代谢的影响

韩 敏1,曹逼力1,刘树森2,徐 坤1,*   

  1. (1山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院,山东果蔬优质高效生产协同创新中心/农业部黄淮地区园艺作物生物学与种质创制重点实验室,山东泰安 271018;2山东省寿光市三木种苗有限公司,寿光市尧水街国家现代种业创新创业研发基地(寒桥),山东寿光 262704)
  • 出版日期:2018-05-25 发布日期:2018-05-25

Effects of Rootstock and Scion Interaction on Photosynthesis and Nitrogen Metabolism of Grafted Tomato Seedlings Leaves Under Low Temperature Stress

HAN Min1,CAO Bili1,LIU Shusen2,and XU Kun1,*   

  1. (1College of Horticulture Science and Engineering,Shandong Agricultural University,Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit&Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production,Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops in Huang-Huai Region,Ministry of Agriculture,Tai’an,Shandong 271018,China;2Shandong Shouguang San Mu Seedling Corporation Limited,Shouguang Yaoshui Street National Modern Seed Industry Innovation and Entrepreneurship Research and Development Base(Hanqiao),Shouguang,Shandong 262704,China)
  • Online:2018-05-25 Published:2018-05-25

摘要: 为探讨番茄根系与接穗及其互作效应对嫁接苗耐冷性的影响,以耐冷番茄‘060112’(R)和冷敏感番茄‘060911’(S)为试材,采用靠接法进行嫁接,组成双根/双穗嫁接苗RS/RS,嫁接苗成活后,通过断根或断穗,形成6个根/穗处理(R/R、R/RS、R/S、S/R、S/RS、S/S),置于光强22 klx、光周期12 h/12 h的光照培养箱内,测定0 d和昼夜温度10 ℃/3 ℃低温胁迫9 d及25 ℃/ 15 ℃常温恢复3 d过程中嫁接苗叶片光合参数及氮代谢相关指标的变化。统计分析表明,低温胁迫降低了番茄嫁接苗叶片色素、水分含量及光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、气孔限制值(Ls),但以R为根系嫁接苗(R/R、R/RS、R/S)降幅显著小于S根系嫁接苗(S/R、S/RS、S/S),相同根系嫁接苗相关指标则以R为接穗的叶片较高,S接穗较低,RS接穗居中,表明低温胁迫下R根系或R接穗嫁接苗光合同化力显著高于S。低温胁迫使各处理嫁接苗叶片硝酸还原酶(NR)、谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)和谷氨酸合酶(GOGAT)等氮代谢关键酶活性显著降低,游离氨基酸和NH4+-N含量显著升高,而NO3--N含量则降低,但除NH4+-N含量外,均以R为根系或R为接穗嫁接苗的叶片较高,S较低,RS居中,表明低温胁迫下耐冷性强的R根系嫁接苗氮同化力显著高于S根系,且相同根系又以R接穗嫁接苗叶片氮同化力显著高于S接穗。具“RS”双接穗的嫁接苗,以R接穗叶片的光合与氮同化力显著高于S接穗,且根穗互作效应的P值小于0.05或0.01,表明根、穗对嫁接苗光合作用与氮代谢存在显著或极显著的互作效应。

关键词: 番茄, 砧木, 嫁接, 低温胁迫, 光合作用, 氮代谢

Abstract: In order to investigate the effect of tomato rootstock,scion and their potential interaction on chilling tolerance,we grafted chilling-sensitive tomato cultivar‘060911’(S)and chilling-resistant tomato cultivar‘060112’(R). We then selectively removed rootstock or scion from the grafted seedlings RS/RS,and incubated the newly formed 6 varieties of seedlings,i.e. R/R,R/RS,R/S,S/R,S/RS,S/S in the growth chamber with light intensity of 22 klx and photoperiod 12 h/12 h. The seedlings were treated with low temperature at 10 ℃/3 ℃ for 9 days and recovered at 25 ℃/15 ℃ for 3 days. Photosynthetic parameters and indexes related to nitrogen metabolism were measured after the chilling treatment and after the recovery. The results showed that low temperature stress reduced the photosynthesis of tomato grafted seedlings. Among these 6 varieties of grafted seedlings,S/S seedlings displayed the lowest photosynthetic rate(Pn)while R/R seedlings displayed the highest. Meanwhile,R/R seedlings showed the highest pigment,water content,stomatal conductance(Gs)and stomatal limitation(Ls). While RS/R,S/R,R/S,RS/S seedlings were intermediate between R/R and S/S regarding the pigment,water content,Pn,Gs and Ls,indicating that the photosynthetic assimilatory power of grafted seedlings with R as root or scion was significantly higher than that of S. Meanwhile,the content of NO3--N and the activities of nitrate reductase(NR),glutamine synthetase(GS)and glutamate synthase (GOGAT)were significantly decreased in low temperature stress,while the content of free amino acids and NH4+-N was significantly increased. However,in addition to NH4+-N content,the content of NO3--N and the activities of NR,GS and GOGAT in leaves of RS/R,S/R,R/S,RS/S seedlings were lower than that of R/R,but higher than S/S. The results showed that the nitrogen assimilatory power of R root or scion was higher than that of S. Moreover,the photosynthesis and nitrogen assimilatory power of RS-R was significantly higher than those of RS-S,and the P value of interaction was less than 0.05. The results showed that rootstock and scion had significant interaction effect on photosynthesis and nitrogen metabolism of grafted seedlings.

Key words: tomato, rootstock, grafting, low temperature stress, photosynthesis, nitrogen metabolism

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