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园艺学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (5): 897-906.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2016-0011

• 蔬菜 • 上一篇    下一篇

弱光下不同铵硝配比氮素对大白菜幼苗生长和抗氧化的影响

胡琳莉1,廖伟彪1,马彦霞2,王丽梅1,郁继华1,*   

  1. (1甘肃农业大学园艺学院,兰州 730070;2甘肃省农业科学院蔬菜研究所,兰州 730070)
  • 出版日期:2016-05-25 发布日期:2016-05-25

Effects of Ammonium︰Nitrate Ratios on Growth and Antioxidant Enzyme Activities of Chinese Cabbage Seedling Under Low Light Intensity

HU Lin-li1,LIAO Wei-biao1,MA Yan-xia2,WANG Li-mei1,and YU Ji-hua1,*   

  1. (1College of Horticulture,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;2Vegetable Research Institute,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou 730070,China)
  • Online:2016-05-25 Published:2016-05-25

摘要:

以大白菜[Brassica pekinensisLour.Olsson]中结球小的类型‘金娃娃’品种为试验材料,采用水培的方法,研究了正常光(200 μmol · m-2 · s-1)和弱光(100 μmol · m-2 · s-1)下营养液中不同铵硝配比(0100109015852575;总N浓度为5 mmol · L-1)氮素对幼苗生长以及叶片生理生化特性的影响。处理14 d后,正常光下,铵硝配比1585处理植株长势最佳,较全硝态氮处理叶面积、株幅、鲜质量和干质量分别显著提高了33.8%30.5%77.9%72.9%。弱光抑制了幼苗的生长,植株叶面积、株幅和干鲜质量均低于正常光下生长的植株。弱光下幼苗叶片丙二醛(MDA)、超氧阴离子、过氧化氢(H2O2)含量明显升高,植株遭受膜脂过氧化程度较高。铵硝配比1090处理较全硝态氮处理相比,植株叶面积、株幅、鲜质量和干质量分别显著提高了20.4%14.9%55.9%36.5%,而且显著提高叶片的可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)活性,降低MDA和超氧阴离子含量,有效地抑制了膜脂过氧化。正常光条件下,铵硝配比为1585时植株长势最佳;弱光下,铵硝配比为1090时植株长势最佳,可降低膜脂过氧化物质含量、提高抗氧化酶活性和渗透调节物质含量,进而提高幼苗耐弱光性。

关键词: 大白菜, 铵硝配比, 光照强度, 渗透调节, 抗氧化系统

Abstract:

Small type of Chinese cabbage[Brassica pekinensisLour.Olsson]was used as material. The hydroponic experiment was conducted to study effects of ammoniumnitrate ratios01010901585 and 2575total nitrogen concentration 5 mmol · L-1on growthosmotic regulation and antioxidant enzyme activities of Chinese cabbage seedling under normal200 μmol · m-2 · s-1and low100 μmol · m-2 · s-1light intensity. After 14 days treatmentplants fertilized with ammoniumnitrate1585under normal light intensity were the best in growth potential. The leaf areagrowth rangefresh weight and dry weight of plants improved 33.8%30.5%77.9% and 72.9% compared with ammoniumnitrate0100),respectively. The leaf areagrowth rangefresh and dry weight of the plants in low light intensity were apparently lower than those of plants in normal light intensityindicating that low light intensity suppressed the growth of seedlings. The malonaldehydeMDA),superoxide anionand hydrogenperoxideH2O2contents of seedling leaves in low light intensity apparently rose upresulting in higher membrane lipid peroxidationin plants. Howeverthe leaf areagrowth rangefresh weight and dry weight of plants fertilized with ammoniumnitrate1090improved 20.4%14.9%55.9% and 36.5% compared with ammoniumnitrate0100),respectively. Furthermoreammoniumnitrate1090significantly improved the soluble sugarsoluble protein contents and superoxide dismutaseSOD),peroxidasePOD),catalaseCAT),ascorbate peroxidaseAPXactivities in Chinese cabbagedecreased the reactive oxide species contentsand effectively suppressed membrane lipid peroxidation. In normal light intensitythe ammoniumnitrate ratio1585was beneficial for plant growth while the suitable ratio was 1090 in low light treated plants. In conclusionappropriate ammoniumnitrate1090enhanced shading tolerance of Chinese cabbage seedling by decreasing the contents of membrane lipid peroxidation substancesand increasing theactivities of antioxidant enzymesand the contents of osmotic regulation substances.

Key words: Chinese cabbage, ammonium∶nitrate, light intensity, osmotic regulation, antioxidant system

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